Objective To investigate the correlation between the distribution of the charactcristics of TCM syndrome of alcoholic liver fibrosis and alcoholic consumption. Methods Our group studied clinical cases in multi-center prospective method. In virtue of Factor Analysis, we explored the characteristics of TCM syndrome of alcoholic liver fibrosis, and the forming characteristics of alcoholic liver fibrosis in inland. Rerults Among the subjects, the characteristics of TCM syndrome of alcoholic liver fibrosis mainly manifested excess syndrome with the common manifestations of deficiency and excess. The visceral position was mainly in liver and spleen, related to gallbladder and stomach. The result suggested that stagnation of Qi stagnation, blood stasis, damp heat, with deficiency of genuine Qi were the interpretation of the causes of alcoholic liver fibrosis. The total alcoholic consumption was one of the important factors which effected on the distribution of thecharacteristics of TCM syndrome of alcoholic liver fibrosis. Total bilirubin had mostly striking effect on the distribution of the characteristics of TCM syndrome. Conclusions The total alcoholic consumption was one of the important factors which effected on the distribution of the characteristics of TCM syndrome of alcoholic liver fibrosis.

Objective To evaluate the anticonvulsant effect of midazolam and diazepam when administered nasally on maximal electroshock seizure and metrazol seizure threshold test models .Methods Rats were randomly divided into 7 groups:model group, low-dose, middle-dose and high-dose of midazolam nasal spray groups , diazepam nasal spray in low-dose, middle-dose and high-dose of midazolam nasal spray groups .After the establishment of the maximal electroshock seizure( MES) and metrazol seizure threshold test models ( MST) in rats, the anticonvulsant effects of different doses of midazolam and the clinically used antiepileptic drug diazepam were evaluated and compared .HE staining was used to observe the histopathological changes in the hippocampus , cortex and amygdala in rats .Results Significant anticonvulsant effects were observed on MES and MST in rats pretreated with different dosages of midazolam .In addition , the anticonvul-sant effects of midazolam were stronger than those of diazepam at the same dosage on MES and MST (P<0.05,P<0.01). Histopathological results showed that both midazolam and diazepam could effectively prevent the seizure -induced brain inju-ries, inhibit the increase of microglial cells and the inflammatory cell infiltration in the hippocampus, cortex and amygdala, and reduce the nucleus pycnosis and neuronophagia .Conclusion Midazolam has significantly anticonvulsant and neuropro-tective effects on different seizure models when administered nasally in rats .

ObjectiveTo determine thallium in whole blood by atomic absorption detection method, and to investigate the eliminating effect of hemoperfusion (HP) for thallium in blood.Methods The blood of Beagle dogs which had not exposed to thallium before were obtained for preparation of thallium nitrate (TlNO3)-containing solution in three concentrations according to the conversion formula based on animal weight and volume of blood. HP was performed in the simulated in vivo environment. The content of TlNO3 in blood of the next group was determined on the amount of TlNO3 for the last HP of the former dose group. Thallium quantity in different samples was measured with atomic absorption spectrometer blood samples before and after HP. Finally, the thallium concentration in blood was analyzed statistically.Results Thallium concentrations showed a good linear relationship in the range of 0-200μg/L (r = 0.998 4). The intra-day precision (RSD) was lower than 4.913%, the intra-day recovery rate was 96.2%-111.9%; the inter-day precision (RSD) was lower than 7.502%, the inter-day recovery rate was 89.6%-105.2%. The concentration of thallium in blood was significantly reduced after HP per time in high, middle, and low dose groups [(453.43±27.80) mg/L to (56.09±14.44) mg/L in high dose group,F = 8.820,P = 0.003;(64.51±13.60) mg/L to (3.19±0.23) mg/L in middle dose group,F = 36.312,P = 0.000; (5.40±0.98) mg/L to (0.38±0.25) mg/L in low dose group,F = 46.240,P = 0.000]. The adsorption rate of four times of HP in high, middle and low dose group were (87.63±2.48)%, (95.06±1.54)% and (92.76±4.87)%, respectively, without significant difference (F = 4.231,P = 0.070 ).Conclusions The method for measuring thallium was established, and it shows a very stable, simple, sensitive for determination of thallium. HP can effectively remove thallium from blood. Thallium concentration can be reduced by 90% after four times of HP. HP is also effective even when thallium concentration is not high.

Objective To study the values of clinicopathological features and expression of thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF-1) in predicting the mutation status of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods Mutation status of exons 18, 19, 20 and 21 in EGFR, and expression of TTF-1 protein in 283 cases of NSCLC diagnosed in Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital from January 2013 to December 2014 were analyzed by using amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS) and immunohistochemical method. The correlation of EGFR mutations with the clinicopathological features and TTF-1 expression were studied to explore the values of them in the prediction of EGFR mutations. Results Among 283 cases of NSCLC, the rate of EGFR gene mutation was 30.0 ％(85/283), including 3 cases with double mutations(exon 18 and exon 20 double mutations in one case, exon 19 and exon 21 double mutations in one case, exon 20 and exon 21 double mutations in one case). The EGFR gene mutations were associated with gender, histological type, history of smoking, and expression of TTF-1 (all P<0.001), but not related to age and tumor location (P= 0.785, P= 0.138). The combination of factors with high mutation rates (women, adenocarcinoma, no smoking, and TTF-1 positive) made the positive predictive value of EGFR mutations up to 57.6 ％. And the combination of factors with low mutation rates (male, nonadenocarcinoma, smoking history, TTF-1 negative) made the EGFR negative predictive value up to 90.3％. Conclusion The combination of clinicopathological features and TTF-1 expression status in patients with NSCLC has a great predictive value for EGFR mutations, which can provide a useful reference for clinical treatment decision-making.

Objective:To explore the pathogenic variants of a family with syndromic deafness by high-throughput sequencing.Methods:The family was from Puyang City, Henan Province, and had four members, including two with syndromic deafness. The proband and his sister had congenital deafness, and their parents had normal phenotypes. The clinical phenotype of the family was characterized using clinical examinations and pedigree analysis. The clinical examinations included imaging examination, audiometry (pure tone audiometry, acoustic immittance, brainstem auditory evoked potential, and otoacoustic emission), vestibular function test, and ophthalmic examination (visual acuity test, visual field test, fundus examination, visual evoked potential, and electroretinogram). Target exome sequencing of 129 known deafness genes and bioinformatics analysis were used to screen suspected pathogenic variants. Sanger sequencing and minigene assay were used to verify and functionally investigate the mutation detected, respectively. According to the standards and guidelines for interpreting genetic variants proposed by the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics, the variants c.6049G>A and c.8699A>G were classified as pathogenic/likely pathogenic, and the variant c.9856C>G was classified as variants of uncertain significance.Results:The probands and his sister had severe sensorineural hearing loss with decreased binocular vision, night blindness, decreased peripheral visual field sensitivity and partial visual field defect, and normal vestibular function. Both of them had three CDH23 mutations, including CDH23 (NM_022124.5) c.6049G>A (p.Gly2017Ser),c.9856C>G (p.His3286Asp), and c.8699A>G (p. Asp2900Gly), The first two were inherited from the father, and the last one was from the mother. The missense variants c.9856C>G and c.8699A>G were not included in the gnomad database. The missense mutation c.6049G>A was located in the last position of exon 46 and was predicted to affect splicing by bioinformatics software. The minigene experiment showed that the mutation cause exon skipping of exon 46, resulting in an abnormal protein. Conclusions:Compound heterozygous variations of the CDH23 are the leading cause of USH1D in the family. This study confirms that the compound heterozygosity of splicing and missense variants of the CDH23 gene could lead to USH1D.

Traditional thoracic surgery teaching has many problems, such as limited classroom teaching time allocation, many diseases and difficult to fully cover classroom teaching, uneven practical teaching level, and difficulty in updating "big textbooks". The Department of Thoracic Surgery of The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University has gradually applied microlecture to all levels of thoracic surgery teaching, such as undergraduate auxiliary classroom teaching and clinical skills training, grassroots and refresher doctor training, postgraduate education, etc., and has achieved good results of teaching effect.

Patients with severe trauma require an extremely timely treatment and transfusion plays an irreplaceable role in the emergency treatment of such patients. An increasing number of evidence-based medicinal evidences and clinical practices suggest that patients with severe traumatic bleeding benefit from early transfusion of low-titer group O whole blood or hemostatic resuscitation with red blood cells, plasma and platelet of a balanced ratio. However, the current domestic mode of blood supply cannot fully meet the requirements of timely and effective blood transfusion for emergency treatment of patients with severe trauma in clinical practice. In order to solve the key problems in blood supply and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma, Branch of Clinical Transfusion Medicine of Chinese Medical Association, Group for Trauma Emergency Care and Multiple Injuries of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Young Scholar Group of Disaster Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized domestic experts of blood transfusion medicine and trauma treatment to jointly formulate Chinese expert consensus on blood support mode and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma patients ( version 2024). Based on the evidence-based medical evidence and Delphi method of expert consultation and voting, 10 recommendations were put forward from two aspects of blood support mode and transfusion strategies, aiming to provide a reference for transfusion resuscitation in the emergency treatment of severe trauma and further improve the success rate of treatment of patients with severe trauma.