Extensive genomic data concerning medicinal plants are rather scarce and insights of the secondary metabolic pathways and their regulatory mechanism are insufficient, hampering the broad application of cell or tissue cultivation and metabolic engineering to producing high-value secondary metabolites. The integration of cDNA-AFLP based transcript profiling and metabolomics, a new development of functional genomic approaches could establish correlations between the changes of secondary metabolites and expressions of related genes. It has manifested widely applicative prospects in seeking genes involved in biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and exploring secondary metabolic pathways. Functional genomic approaches are promising trends in the field of medicinal plants secondary metabolites research and will lead to better utilization of natural medicinal resources.
Genes, Plant ; genetics ; Genomics ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways ; Plants, Medicinal ; genetics ; metabolism ; Proteomics

Objective To observe the epidemiology characterization of Borna disease virus (BDV) in animal brain in Ili, Xinjiang, and to find out the potential infection of the Borna disease virus to prevent its outbreak. Methods The BDV p24 gene of animal brain tissues in Ili including 200 horses, 75 donkeys and 100 shepherd dogs was detected by fluorescence quantitative nest reverse transcriptase polymer-ase chain reaction(FQ-nRT-PCR). GFP-p24,pMD-19 plasmid contamination was excluded from positive products. Clone sequencing was used to analyze the homology of gene and amino acid sequence. Results BDV p24 gent was found in 3 Ili horses, 4 Ili donkeys and 9 shepherd dogs, and the positive ratio is 1.5%, 5.3% and 9.0%, respectively. The GFP-p24,pMD-19 were not found in BDV p40 gene and plasmid stand-ard. The sequence of BDV p24 amplification production was totally the same as He/80 virus strain. Conclu-sion Natural infection of BDV may exist in the animals(horses, donkeys and dogs)in Ili, and the epidem-ic strain of BDV in this area was homological as He/80 virus strain.

Objective To investigate the epidemiology of BDV infection in Yili horses and Yili donkeys and to analyze phylogenetic source of BDV in Yili area, Xinjiang. Methods We established fluo- rescence quantitative nested RT-PCR to detect BDV p24 segment in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 518 Yili horses and 206 Yili donkeys in Yili area, Xinjiang. Positive products were validated by detecting BDV p40 segment and plasmid to preclude the contamination, and were sequenced to analyze the homology of gene sequence, amino acid sequence and phylogenetic tree. Results The positive rates of BDV infection in PBMCs of 518 Yili horses and 206 Yili donkeys were 0.97% and 1.94%, respectively. The results of BDV p40 segment verification were positive in all of the samples of BDV p24 positive. All the samples tested were not contaminated by plasmid. There was a homology of the gene sequence of positive PCR samples with strain He/80. And the gene sequence revealed more than 93% identical to H1766 and strain V. Conclusion Our study suggested BDV natural infection in Yili horses and Yili donkeys. The en- demic BDV had a high degree of identity to strain He/80.

Objective To investigate the reliability and feasibility of spectral entropy in evaluate the effectiveness of analgesic sedation in patients with ischemic stroke.Methods A total of 64 patients with acute ischemic stroke admitted to Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical University from July 2021 to November 2022 were selected as study objects,and the included patients were divided into control group and experimental group according to random number table method,with 32 cases in each group.Patients in control group adjusted analgesia and sedation regimen according to Richmond agitation-sedation scale(RASS)score and critical-care pain observation tool(CPOT)score.Patients in experimental group adjusted the analgesic and sedation regimen according to the results of spectral entropy.The vital signs,C-reactive protein(CRP),dose of sedative and analgesic drugs and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between two groups.The correlation between spectral entropy and RASS score and CPOT score was used Spearman correlation analysis.Results The spectral entropy values were positively correlated with the RASS score and CPOT score,respectively(r=0.719,0.556,P<0.001).There were no significant differences in mean arterial pressure and percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation between two groups at different time points(P>0.05).The heart rate at T3 in experimental group was significantly lower than that in control group(P<0.05).At T1,T2 and T3,CRP levels in experimental group were significantly lower than those in control group(P<0.05).The dosage of sufentanil and midazolam in experimental group were significantly lower than those in control group(P<0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions in experimental group was significantly lower than that in control group(12.50%vs.34.38%,χ2=4.267,P=0.039).Conclusion Spectral entropy can be used as an objective method to monitor the depth of analgesia and sedation in patients with ischemic stroke,and has a good correlation with RASS score and CPOT score,which can reduce the incidence of adverse reactions,effectively avoid stress reactions,and reduce the application of analgesia and sedation drugs.

Objective: To compare the disinfection effect of three-hole polypropylene infusion bottle stopper by central sterilization method and groove central sterilization method, and to explore the best method of three-hole polypropylene infusion bottle cap disinfection. Methods: A total of 1 088 bottles of three-pore polypropylene infusion bottles from 10 hospitals in Panzhihua City and the surrounding areas of Chengdu were selected for disinfection, and the effects were compared by fluorescent powder tracing method and bacterial culture method respectively. The two methods were divided into two groups: bottle stopper Central Sterilization group and groove Central Sterilization group. Each nurse sterilized two groups of liquid. Results: The total area of fluorescent powder residues after disinfection of 272 bottles of infusion bottles with different specifications M(P₂₅, P₇₅) was 0.26 (0, 2.51). The total area of fluorescent powder residues M(P₂₅, P₇₅) was 15 (8, 24). There were significant differences in the residual area of fluorescent powder between the two groups after liquid bottle disinfection (Z=-17.31, P<0.01). Thirty-four positive specimens of bacteria culture, 68 bacterial colonies and 158 bottles of infusion bottles were disinfected by central sterilization of 160 bottles. There were 15 positive samples and 30 colonies of bacteria cultured in the bottle disinfected by groove central disinfection method (χ²=2.773, P<0.05). Conclusion The groove center disinfection method is the best disinfection method for the bottle stopper of three-hole polypropylene infusion bottle.

Objective: To assess the incidence and independent risk factors for clinical anastomotic leakage (AL) in patients undergoing anterior resection (AR) or low anterior resection, (LAR) for rectal cancer. Methods: This was a retrospective case-control study of 550 patients with rectal cancer who underwent AR or LAR from April 2007 to March 2017 in Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University. The relationship between the incidence of AL and clinicopathological manifestations was analyzed by Chi-squared test and Fisher exact test, and the independent risk factors of AL were analyzed using logistic regression analysis. AL is defined as a defect (including necrosis or abscess formation) of the intestinal wall at the anastomotic site, leading to a communication between the intra- and extra-luminal compartments. AL can be divided into three grades. Grade A anastomotic leakage results in no change in the management of patients, whereas grade B leakage requires active therapeutic intervention but is manageable without re-laparotomy. Grade C anastomotic leakage requires re-laparotomy. Results: AL was noted in 32 (5.8%) of 550 patients with rectal cancer who underwent AR or LAR, including 15 (46.9%) , 4 (12.5%) , and 13 patients (40.6%) with Grades A, B, and C, respectively. Five patients (0.9%, 5/550) died peri-operatively. AL- and non-AL-related deaths occurred in 3 (9.4%, 3/32, all cases were Grade C) and 2 patients (0.4%, 2/518) , respectively, with the two mortality rates being significant difference (P = 0.002) . Chi-squared test or Fisher exact test showed that the incidence of AL was associated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (P = 0.011) , intraoperative bleeding (≥100 ml) (χ² = 11.980, P = 0.001) , and tension-reducing suture of anastomosis (P = 0.015) . The results of logistic regression analysis showed that the independent risk factors of AL were neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (OR = 2.402, 95%CI: 1.004 - 5.749, P = 0.049) , intraoperative bleeding (≥100 ml) (OR = 2.971, 95%CI: 1.269 - 6.957, P = 0.012) and tension-reducing suture of anastomosis (OR = 2.304, 95%CI: 1.008 - 5.263, P = 0.048) . Conclusion The incidence of AL in patients undergoing AR for rectal cancer is 5.8%. The high-risk factors for AL are neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, intraoperative bleeding (≥100 ml) , and tension-reducing suture of anastomosis. Patients with these three risk factors have a high risk of AL rate, and a defunctioning stoma should be performed.