OBJECTIVETo explore the regulation of transdermal absorption of Secretio Bufonis (SB) and the effect of low frequency complex impulse current (LFCIC) on it.

METHODSBy modifying three-chamber flow diffusion pool to develop a prototype LFCIC device for transdermal delivery, using high performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC) to determine the quantitative transdermal absorption of the amount of ingredients of SB, including bufalin, cinobufagin and resibufogenin, etc. and the transdermal absorption velocity was calculated.

RESULTSThe chief ingredients of SB could be absorbed through skin, but the volume was low. Additional application of LFCIC could enhance the cumulative infiltration volume and velocity of transdermal diffusion. Difference appeared 2 hrs after and significant difference appeared 4 hrs after the application, and 13.8 Hz showed the optimal effect of transdermal delivery.

CONCLUSIONChief ingredients of SB could be absorbed through transdermal medication, and LFCIC can evidently enhance the amount and velocity of transdermal absorption of SB.

Animals ; Bufanolides ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Bufonidae ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Electric Stimulation ; Iontophoresis ; Male ; Materia Medica ; Rabbits ; Skin Absorption

Recent studies indicated that interleukin (IL)-17, growth-related oncogene (GRO)-α and IL-8 play an important role in the pathogenesis of nasal polyps. However, the effects of the increased amount of IL-17 and the production of GRO-α and IL-8 in human nasal polyp fibroblasts are not completely understood. This study aimed to determine the effects of the increased IL-17 on the changes of GRO-α and IL-8 expression in human nasal polyp fibroblasts and further investigate the mechanism of neutrophil infiltration in nasal polyps. Nasal polyp fibroblasts were isolated from six cases of human nasal polyps, and the cells were stimulated with five different concentrations of IL-17. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the mRNA expression of GRO-α and IL-8. The mRNA of GRO-α and IL-8 was expressed in unstimulated controls and remarkably increased by stimulation with IL-17. Moreover, the levels of GRO-α and IL-8 produced by fibroblasts were increased gradually with the increases in IL-17 concentrations. The present study showed that nasal fibroblasts can produce GRO-α and IL-8, and their production is remarkably enhanced by IL-17 stimulation, thereby clarifying the mechanism of the IL-17 mediated neutrophil infiltration in nasal polyps. These findings might provide a rationale for using IL-17 inhibitors as a treatment for nasal inflammatory diseases such as nasal polyps.

7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide ; toxicity ; Carcinogens ; toxicity ; Cell Line, Tumor ; DNA Damage ; drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins ; biosynthesis ; Humans

OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship between two exonic polymorphisms of DNA repair gene XPC and the susceptibility to lung cancer.

METHODSGenotypes were determined by the primer introduced restriction analysis-PCR(PIRA-PCR) and the PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP) approaches, respectively, in 320 histologically-confirmed lung cancer cases and 322 age and sex frequency-matched cancer-free controls.

RESULTSMultivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that individuals carrying at least one 499Val variant allele (Ala/Val + Val/Val genotypes) had a significantly increased risk for lung cancer (adjusted OR=1.54; 95%CI: 1.11-2.14), compared with the wild-type genotype (499Ala/Ala). Furthermore, individuals with both putative risk genotypes had a significantly higher risk (adjusted OR=2.55; 95%CI: 1.45-4.52), compared with those with both wild-genotypes. In addition, a potential super multiplicative gene-environment interaction between Ala499Val genotypes and smoking on lung cancer risk was unveiled. The odds ratios of lung cancer for individuals with both putative risk genotypes were 2.63 (95%CI=1.23-5.62) in nonsmokers and 7.36 (95%CI=3.19-17.0) in smokers, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThese findings support the hypothesis that these two XPC variants may contribute to the risk of developing lung cancer.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; China ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; Exons ; genetics ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; Genotype ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; ethnology ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Risk Factors

OBJECTIVETo evaluate clinical performances of ceramic and titanium abutments for implant-supported all-ceramic single crown.

METHODSNineteen patients with loss of maxillary anterior teeth were restored with implant-supported In-Ceramic all-ceramic single crowns. They were divided into two groups based on the type of abutment adopted, 8 in CerAdapt abutment group (group A) and 11 in TiAdapt abutment group (group B). Esthetic results were evaluated with modified USPHS standard. Mucosal bleeding and marginal bone loss of each crown were recorded at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months after restoration respectively. All data were analyzed in SPSS 10.0 using Chi-square test and t-test.

RESULTSNone of implants and all-ceramic crowns failed. One CerAdapt abutment fractured at 15 months after restoration. Eight crowns scored A in group A and 10 in group B. Soft tissues around implant appeared healthy. Mean value of marginal bone loss in 2 years was 0.70 mm for group A and 0.77 mm for group B. There was no significant differences in the esthetic results, mucosal bleeding, and marginal bone loss between group A and group B (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSSatisfactory esthetic results could be achieved with both CerAdapt ceramic abutment and TiAdapt titanium abutment for implant-supported all-ceramic single crown. No negative influence produced by abutments on peri-implant tissue was observed during short-term restoration.

Adult ; Crowns ; Dental Abutments ; Dental Implants, Single-Tooth ; Dental Porcelain ; Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Titanium ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the surgical reconstruction of secondary fracture deformities of the nasal-orbital ethmoid area.

METHODSTypical bicoronal and subciliary incisions or the adjacent scar incision were employed to expose the fractured area. The flattened nasal bone was narrowed by curved osteotomy along the medial orbital rims and trimed with a bur. 2-3 pieces of cranial outer table were used to reconstruct the nasal framework, which were fixed to the frontal bone with mini-plates. After the medial orbital wall and orbital floor were exposed, the herniated orbital contents were released and reduced to the orbital cavity. The fractured orbital walls were repaired precisely with autogenous cranial outer table or Medpor. The medial canthal tendons were anchored superior-posteriorly to the lacrimal fossa with transnasal wires.

RESULTSFrom December 1996 to December 2001, 34 cases of severe nasal-orbital ethmoid fracture deformities were repaired with this technique. Of them, 12 cases had combined orbital-zygomatic fracture, 4 cases had fontal sinus fracture, 1 case had Le Fort II and 1 case had Le Fort III fracture. All the patients recovered well and their facial appearance improved greatly.

CONCLUSIONSThe key points for surgical reconstruction of the periorbital post-fracture deformities are narrowing the flattened nasal root by curved osteotomy, the nasal framework reconstruction with autogenous bone graft, the orbital wall repair to correct enophthalmos, and most importantly, the medial canthal tendon reduction and canthal plasty.

Adolescent ; Bone Transplantation ; methods ; Cicatrix ; surgery ; Enophthalmos ; surgery ; Ethmoid Bone ; injuries ; Humans ; Nasal Bone ; injuries ; Nose Deformities, Acquired ; surgery ; Orbit ; surgery ; Orbital Fractures ; surgery ; Osteotomy ; methods ; Paranasal Sinuses ; injuries ; surgery ; Polyethylenes ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Skull Fractures ; etiology ; surgery ; Tendons ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo locate the mandibular canal accurately in the mandibular body of the young women and provide anatomic data for the mandibular angle plasty.

METHODS60 women whose age ranged from 20 to 39 years old were randomly selected, the average was 25.32 years old. CT scanning and 3-D reconstruction were applied to their mandibles. After the points were determined, the distances of the points to inferior mandibular borders were measured. The data was analyzed by SPSS 11.5.

RESULTSThe distance between the mandibular canal and the inferior mandibular border was least in the area which responsed to the second premolar. It decreases from the posterior margin of the third molar to the anterior margin of the first molar. It increases from the posterior margin to the mental hole.

CONCLUSIONSThe mandibular canal between the posterior and anterior margins of the second pre-molar is prone to be injuried and should be paid more attention to during mandibular angle plasty.

Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Female ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Mandibular Nerve ; diagnostic imaging ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Young Adult

For investigation of the regulatory mechanism of cholecystokinin-octapeptide (CCK-8) on pulmonary circulation in rabbits with endotoxic shock (ES) induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPS), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) were evaluated for 5 h in five groups of rabbits: group of LPS (8 mg/kg, i.v.)-induced ES, group of CCK-8 pretreatment (15 microg/kg, i.v.) 15 min before LPS administration (8 mg/kg, i.v.), group of proglumide pretreatment (1 mg/kg, i.v.) 15 min before LPS administration (8 mg/kg, i.v.), group of CCK (15 microg/kg, i.v.) only, and normal saline (control) group. The pulmonary arterial tension was measured with isolated vascular ring technique. The results showed that LPS-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension was abolished by CCK-8. In contrast, proglumide, a nonspecific antagonist of CCK-8 receptor, potentiated the deleterious effect of LPS. The contractile response of isolated pulmonary artery to alpha-adrenoceptor agonist phenylephrine (PE) was enhanced and the relaxation response to acetylcholine (ACh) was depressed significantly after LPS was injected, but the effect could be reversed by CCK-8. These results suggest that pulmonary circulation is improved by CCK-8 in ES, and the regulatory effects of CCK-8 may be brought about by modulating the pulmonary arterial tension.
Animals ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Male ; Pulmonary Artery ; drug effects ; physiology ; Rabbits ; Shock, Septic ; complications ; physiopathology ; Sincalide ; pharmacology ; Vasodilation ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo investigate the treatment of square face with compositive methods. METHODS A total of 71 patients with square-shape face were treated. According to the different face skeleton and desire of patient, mandible angle curved-osteotomy and mentoplasty were used as main methods and zygomatoplasty, buccal fat pad resecting and other aesthetic methods as assistant methods to recontour the whole face skeleton.

RESULTSThe face skeleton of all patients was improved with satisfaction. The following-up period was 6 months to 2 years. In this patients group, massive haemorrhage was occurred during operation in one patient, mental nerve of of one side was injured in two patients, the lip mucosa was wounded in five patients.

CONCLUSIONMandible angle curve-osteotomy and mentoplasty combined with other assistant aesthetic operations were ideal methods to recontour square face. The result was satisfactory.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Cheek ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Mandible ; surgery ; Osteotomy ; Surgery, Plastic ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo investigate the causes and treatment of the asymmetric prominent mandibular angle.

METHODSFrom 1996 to 2001, mandibular angle osteotomy, mandibular outer cortex osteotomy, mandible, genioplasty and buccal pad excision were selected to treat 70 patients.

RESULTSAll the patients had satisfactory results with complications of bleeding, infection and labial scar in three patients.

CONCLUSIONAsymmetric prominent mandibular angle should be treated according to the characteristics of the deformity. Mandibular angle osteotomy, osteotomy of outer cortex of the mandible, genioplasty and bucal pad excision can provide satisfactory result.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Facial Asymmetry ; congenital ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mandible ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Middle Aged ; Osteotomy