Objective To explore the causes of dengue fever resurgence in Guangxi, and to analyze the risk factors of dengue fever. Methods The descriptive epidemiological analysis was conduced based on the dengue fever data reported from 2006 to 2015, and the surveillance results of aedes and antibody levels in health population from 2013 to 2015 in Guangxi. Results Before 2013, dengue fever was imported from foreign country in Guangxi, accounting for 95.35％(42/45), and 75.71％of the imported cases was imported from Southeast Asia. The local outbreak of dengue fever was happened in 2014, accounted for 94.02％(849/903) of the total number of 10 years. From onset to diagnosis, Guangxi dengue fever cases need 0-70 d (median time interval is 6 d). Cases were reported year-round, but the peak season for the onset of dengue fever was from September to November, accounting for 96.46％of all cases (871/903). The number of cases reported in Nanning was the most (83.37％), followed by Wuzhou city (7.44％) and Guilin city (4.81％), and all the three cities had dengue fever outbreaks. The cases were mainly commercial service staff (27.80％) and houseworkers and unemployed people (18.16％). Results of aedes monitoring showed that the density of aedes was high in Guangxi. In more than 50％ of the monitoring seasons the breteau index (BI) stayed greater than 20. However, the antibody positive rate was only 3％ in the healthy residents of Guangxi. Conclusion The risk of dengue fever is high in Guangxi. Therefore, it is essential to emphasizing idea of prevention and control, strengthening immigration surveillance, improving diagnosis ability, enhancing public health education, and expanding monitoring range.

Objective　To observe some biological features of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and explore the best conditions for isolatin g and culturing in vitro. Methods　Common cell culture techn ique, light and electron microscopy were used to study the effects of the growth , proliferation, morphology of the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in differe nt adherent time, concentration of serum and cell density. Results　The best culture condition in vitro for growth was 4-24 hours adherent time, 5%-10% fetal bovine serum, (4-8)×104/ml cell density. The cells were sp indle in shape and had a strong ability of proliferation. The time for cell duplication was 3 to 4 days. The cells showed the characteristics of stem cell s in electron microscope. Conclusion　The best condition for iso lation and culture of bone marrow mesemchymal stem cells was successfully establ ished and some biological features were obserred. It found a base for further in vestigation and using of mesenchymal stem cells.

OBJECTIVETo research the treatment effect of complex prescription of Chinese crude drug in BALB/c athymic mice with human liver cancer, which were built by Bel-7402.

METHOD48 male BALB/c athymic mouse models were built by Bel-7402 with an indirect method. After 24 hours of postoperation, the 48 athymic mice were distributed randomly into 4 groups which were treated by intragastric administration with complex prescription of Chinese crude drug that had been deliquated into 3 groups by the different density as the low, middle, and high and FT207 (Tegafur) for 4 weeks. At last, athymic mice were put to death and PTEN was detected in hepatic tissue, latero-cancer tissue and cancer tissue by immunohistochemistry (PowerVision Two-Step Histostaining Reagent).

RESULTAll of the 48 athymic mice survived 12 to 28 days (Ms 24 days) and every mouse with liver cancer demonstrated by dissection. The result of immunohistochemistry represents that the intensity of PTEN in latero-cancer tissue is the highest, and then the hepatic tissue, the lowest is cancer tissue, P < 0.01. It also represents that the intensity of PTEN in treatment groups (A, B, C) is more higher than the control group (D), P < 0.05 or P < 0.01, and group B is the highest in the treatment groups, P < 0.05 or P < 0.01. However, there is no significant statistic difference between group A and group C.

CONCLUSIONThe higher expression of PTEN in the laterocancer tissue can represent the protective reaction of stress of the organism. And anticancer effect of this complex prescription of Chinese crude drug relates to an eligible density of it. Mechanisms of this complex prescription of Chinese crude drug healing HCC may partially be explained by enhancing the expression of PTEN in liver.

Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; drug therapy ; enzymology ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Liver ; drug effects ; enzymology ; pathology ; Liver Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; enzymology ; pathology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; PTEN Phosphohydrolase ; metabolism ; Phytotherapy ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Random Allocation ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Hepatic Stellate Cells ; metabolism ; Male ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Potassium Channels, Calcium-Activated ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

To investigate the effect of a new reactive oxygen metabolites (ROM) scavenger as immune adjuvant in NK cell-mediated killing effect on K562 cell, IL-2 and PHA were used to activate monocyte to produce ROM, and different concentrations of tiopronin as ROM scavenger was used in the cultivated systems with different ratio of monocytes plus NK cells and K562 cells, while histamine dihydrochloride (DHT) with different concentrations was used as positive control. The reuslts indicated that after IL-2 and PHA were supplemented in the cultivated systems mixing with NK cells and K562 cells as the E/T ratio was 10/1, the ROM production increased from 33.17 +/- 25.02 U/ml to 223.59 +/- 59.41 U/ml (P < 0.05) while K562 cell inhibition rate (KIR) increased from 65.56% to 85.89% (P < 0.05). When the monocytes as the E/MO ratios of 10/2, 10/5 and 10/10 were supplemented respectively, ROM production increased correspondingly (ROM production was 389.79 +/- 43.83 U/ml, 456.74 +/- 42.77 U/ml, 601.42 +/- 21.92 U/ml, respectively), and KIR was on the other round (KIR was 82.36%, 81.36%, 48.09% respectively). Tiopronin, DHT were used in the K562 + NK + MO + IL-2/PHA cultivated systems as the E/MO ratio was 10/2, the ROM production also decreased from 389.79 +/- 43.83 U/ml to -1.20 +/- 60.70 U/ml, 50.21 +/- 22.4 U/ml (P < 0.05), respectively, however KIR increased from 82.53% to 96.09% and 94.64% either (P < 0.05). Higher concentrations of tiopronin and DHT were used, ROM production decreased accordingly. There showed a reverse correlation between ROM production and KIR (r = -0.518). When E/MO ratio was 10/5 or 10/10, tiopronin at any testing concentration and DHT at the higher testing concentration could reduce the ROM production (P < 0.05), but did not improve KIR significantly (P > 0.05). Tiopronin was as good as DHT in ameliorating KIR (P > 0.05) and better than DHT in scavenging ROM (P < 0.05). It is concluded that (1) Monocytes are the major resources of ROM, and the ROM derived from monocytes can disable NK cells in killing neoplasm cells (K562 cells); (2) A new ROM scavenger, tiopronin, can scavenge ROM effectively, and reverse the ROM induced inhibition of NK cell-mediated killing of K562 cell in a certain extent. And tiopronin is better than DHT in scavenging ROM, and as good as DHT in up-regulating KIR. The new ROM scavenger tiopronin with less side effect may take the place of DHT as adjuvant during the adoptive immuno-therapy in leukemia.
Coculture Techniques ; Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic ; Cytotoxicity, Immunologic ; drug effects ; immunology ; Free Radical Scavengers ; pharmacology ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; Killer Cells, Natural ; cytology ; drug effects ; immunology ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; Tiopronin ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo observe the function of gamma delta T lymphocytes and the polymorphism of T cell receptor V delta chain in the lungs of asthmatic patients and explore the role of gamma delta T cells in airway inflammation.

METHODSBronchoalveolar lavage fluid BALF was obtained from 7 asthmatic patients and 7 healthy control individuals. The percentage of gamma delta T cell in BALF was measured by flow cytometry. The gamma delta T cell in BALF was purified by magnetic labeled beads. Proliferous activity was examined by MTT assay. Cytokines secreted by gamma delta T cells in medium was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Polymorphism of T cell receptor V delta chain was detected by RT-PCR and gene scan analysis.

RESULTSThe proportion of gamma delta T cell in the BALF of asthmatic patients [(6.39+/-0.71)%] was significantly higher than that in control subjects [(2.62+/-0.37)%] (P<0.01). The proportion of macrophage in the BALF of asthmatic patients [(81+/-4)] was significantly lower than that in control subjects [(86+/-2)] (P<0.05). The proliferation rate of asthmatic patients [(284.2+/-43.6)%] was significantly higher than that of control subjects [(217.5+/-59.5)%] (P<0.05). Interleukin-4 secreted by gamma delta T cells of asthmatic patients [(18.9+/-3.1) pg/ml)] significantly increased when compared with the control subjects [(14.1+/-3.0) pg/ml] (P<0.05). The polymorphism of T cell receptor V delta chain was not significantly different between these two groups.

CONCLUSIONSThe increase of gamma delta T cells in the lung of asthmatic patients further exacerbates Th1/Th2 disturbance and airway inflammation. Antigen recognition by gamma delta T cells is non-specific.

Adult ; Asthma ; genetics ; immunology ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; cytology ; Case-Control Studies ; Cell Proliferation ; Cytokines ; metabolism ; Female ; Genes, T-Cell Receptor delta ; genetics ; Genes, T-Cell Receptor gamma ; genetics ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Variable Region ; genetics ; Lung ; immunology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; immunology ; metabolism ; Th1-Th2 Balance

OBJECTIVEITS2 of DNA barcoding was used to study genetic polymorphism of Platycodon grandiflorum.

METHODTotal genomic DNA was isolated from P. grandiflorum. PCR was used to amplified the region of internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2), and PCR products were sequenced. The sequences of ITS2 were analyzed and compared by Clustal. The intraspecies genetic distance was calculated based on Kimura 2-parameter model by using MEGA 5.05. The ITS2 sequence of Codonopsis pilosula was used as the outreach value for plants of the genus, and the phylogenic tree used constructed by Neighbor-Joining (NJ) method.

RESULTThe K2-P's genetic distance of all samples were ranged from 0 to 0.930. The K2-P's genetic distance of samples at the same area were ranged from 0 to 0.178. The K2-P's genetic distance of samples at different areas were ranged from 0.735 to 0.930. The analytical result showed that the degree of genetic variation were heavy in intraspecies of P. grandiflorum and significantly correlated with geographical location.

CONCLUSIONThe DNA barcoding of ITS2 can applied to study the intraspecific genetic diversity, it provides a reference for further development of DNA barcoding technology applications.

China ; DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic ; DNA, Plant ; genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer ; genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Platycodon ; classification ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Genetic

OBJECTIVETo analyze the influence of thoracic kyphosis on the sagittal compensatory mode of the spine in idiopathic thoracic scoliosis after the selective thoracic fusion.

METHODSNinety AIS patients (mean age 14.5 years old) who received selective thoracic fusion from February 1999 to December 2005 in one institution with at least 24-month follow-up were evaluated. Forty-one patients underwent anterior spinal fusion and forty-nine patients underwent posterior spinal fusion. And then the patients were divided into two subgroups according to the magnitude of preoperative thoracic kyphosis (TK): Group A, TK less than 10 degrees ; and Group B, TK more than 10 degrees . The radiological parameters were measured including: thoracic and lumbar curve magnitude, TK, lumbar lordosis (LL), thoracolumbar junction kyphosis (T(10)-L(2), TJK), distal junctional kyphosis (DJK), sagittal vertical axis (SVA).

RESULTSAt final follow-up, TK, TJK and DJK increased significantly compared with preoperative Cobb angle in subgroup A patients who underwent anterior spinal fusion (P < 0.05). Generally, there was a lordosis loss of TJK and DJK during follow-up. While in subgroup B, TJK at final follow-up increased apparently compared with preoperative Cobb angle (P < 0.05). And there was a increased trend of DJK in spite of no significant difference, however, there was no obvious change of TK in subgroup B. At the final follow-up, TK and TJK increased significantly in subgroup A patients who underwent posterior spinal fusion (P < 0.05). And there was a increased tendency of DJK during follow-up, although there was no significant difference. And there was no obvious change of TK, TJK and DJK in subgroup B. There was a increased trend of LL in spite of no significant difference in group A patients who underwent anterior or posterior spinal fusion. The sagittal balance maintained well during follow-up in both groups.

CONCLUSIONSFor AIS patients with thoracic hypokyphosis, normal TK and LL could be achieved during follow-up with selective thoracic instrumentation. However, the increase of DJK and TJK may occur during the follow-up, and the risk factors may be the anterior short segmental fusion and the reconstruction of the sagittal profile in the hypokyphosis patients.

Adolescent ; Child ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; pathology ; Male ; Perioperative Period ; Retrospective Studies ; Scoliosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Spinal Fusion ; methods ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; pathology ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo compare the serum miR-663 levels in renal transplant patients with and without acute rejection (AR) and explore the role of miR-663 acute renal graft rejection.

METHODSReal time-PCR was used to determine serum miR-663 levels in renal transplant recipients with and without AR. MTT assay and Annexin V-FITC assay were employed to examine the viability and apoptosis of human renal glomerular endothelial cells (HRGEC) treated with a miR-663 mimic or a miR-663 inhibitor, and ELISA was performed to detect the expression of inflammation-related cytokines including IL-6, IFN-γ, CCL-2 and TNF-α in the cells. Transwell assay was used to examine the effect of miR-663 mimic and miR-663 inhibitor on the chemotactic capability of macrophages.

RESULTSSerum miR-663 level was significantly higher in renal transplant recipients with AR than in those without AR. The miR-663 mimic significantly inhibited the viability of HRGECs and increase the cell apoptosis rate, while miR-663 inhibitor suppressed the cell apoptosis. The miR-663 mimic increased the expression levels of inflammation-related cytokines and enhanced the chemotactic capability of macrophages.

CONCLUSIONmiR-663 might play important roles in acute renal graft rejection and may become a therapeutic target for treating AR.

Apoptosis ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytokines ; metabolism ; Endothelial Cells ; cytology ; Graft Rejection ; blood ; Humans ; Kidney Glomerulus ; cytology ; Kidney Transplantation ; Macrophages ; cytology ; drug effects ; MicroRNAs ; blood

OBJECTIVETo measure the content of silica in C1 bituminous coal and its combustion products in the high-incidence area of lung cancer in Xuanwei, Yunnan Province, China and to investigate the relationship between high incidence of lung cancer among non-smoking women and silica produced naturally in C1 bituminous coal in Xuan Wei.

METHODSThe C1 bituminous coal widely used in the high-incidence area of lung cancer in Xuanwei was selected as experiment group, while the C2+1, K7, and M30 bituminous coal that was mined and used in the low-incidence area of lung cancer in Xuanwei for more than 10 years were selected as control group. Fourteen paraffin-embedded cancer tissue samples from the non-smoking women with non-small cell lung cancer who were born in Xuanwei and were at least the 3rd generation of the family living there were collected from the department of pathology, the third affiliated hospital of kunming medical university (tumor hospital of yunnan province). Titrimetric potassium silicofluoride method was used to measure the content of silica in raw coal and its bottom ashes in 20 samples from the experimental group and control group. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the morphology of silica particles in C1 bituminous coal and its bottom ashes, and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray analyzer (SEM-EDX) was used to analyze the microscopic composition. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) was used to observe the morphology of silica particles in the bottom ashes and coal soot of C1 bituminous coal as well as the lung cancer tissue from the non-smoking women in Xuanwei, and transmission electron microscope coupled with energy dispersive X-ray analyzer (TEM-EDX) was used to analyze the microscopic composition. The silica particles were separated from the coal soot and bottom ashes and characterized by physical method.

RESULTSThe silica content in C1 bituminous coal and its bottom ashes was significantly higher than that in C2+1, K7, and M30 bituminous coal (P < 0.05). The bottom ashes of C1 bituminous coal contained a large quantity of silica particles, mostly with microscale sizes. Silica particles were found in the soot of C1 bituminous coal and the lung cancer tissue from non-smoking women in Xuanwei. The silica particles in the bottom ashes were mostly 120 ∼ 500 nm in diameter, had various shapes, and contained such elements as iron, aluminium, calcium, and potassium; the silica particles in the coal soot were mostly nanoscale, ranging from 37 nm to 80 nm in diameter, had various shapes, with some in fibrous form, had non smooth surfaces, and contained such elements as iron, potassium, calcium, aluminium, and sulfur.

CONCLUSIONIn Xuanwei, the incidence of lung cancer among non-smoking women is high in the area where silica-rich C1 bituminous coal is produced. There are silica particles enriched in both the combustion products (coal soot and bottom ashes) of C1 bituminous coal and the cancer tissue from the non-smoking women with non-small cell lung cancer, with similar morphology and microscopic composition. We hypothesize that the silica particles from combusted C1 bituminous coal in Xuanwei are mixed with indoor air and inhaled along with other suspended particles.

Air Pollutants ; analysis ; China ; epidemiology ; Coal ; Coal Ash ; analysis ; Environmental Exposure ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lung Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; Risk Factors ; Silicon Dioxide ; analysis ; Smoking