Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures ; adverse effects ; methods ; Postoperative Complications ; prevention & control ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome ; Uvula ; surgery ; Young Adult

Adhesives ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Endoscopy ; Epistaxis ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Animals ; Cytokines ; blood ; Humans ; Peripheral Vascular Diseases ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Rabbits ; Vibration ; adverse effects

Endothelial Cells ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Sepsis ; metabolism ; physiopathology

Limb-shaking transient ischemic attack (TIA), a rare manifestation, is commonly caused by severe stenosis or occlusion of an extracranial internal carotid artery. Such patients are usually treated with surgical revascularization or anti-platelet therapy. We present a 56-year-old woman with 6 months’ episodic attacks starting with mouth skewed to the right and a sensation of ‘weakness’ involving predominantly her left arm, and at times, also involved the left leg. This was immediately followed by rhythmic jerky movements of the left arm and at times, also involved the left leg. Magnetic resonance angiography revealed severe stenosis of M1 segment of the right middle cerebral artery. The patient’s symptoms were signifi cantly improved by treatment with anti-platelet drugs and nimodipine.

Objective To investigate the visual impairment and its rehabilitation after stroke.Methods After diagnosis of stroke by the neurologists, the patients received examinations of ocular pathology and visual function, especially in vision correction and rehabilitation. Results Five hundred and forty-seven stroke patients were recruited. 47.0% of the patients had eye alignment/movement impairment, 34.0% had visual field impairment, 19. 0% had visual perceptual difficulties and 19.9% had low vision blind. After using telescope, 35.7% blind patient's distance vision was ≥0.05; 58.2% low vision patient's distance vision was ≥0.3. After refraction (average vision:0.36±0.34 vs. 0.48 ±0.36,t =- 3.949,P=0.03) or using telescope(average vision of patients had low vision:0. 13±0. 07 vs. 0. 46±0.26,t=-5. 208,P=0.01 ;average vision of blind patients:0. 01 ±0.01 vs. 0. 06±0. 05,t = -3. 628, P= 0. 05), the improvement of vision for patients was significant.Conclusions The 72% of stroke patients has some kinds of visual impairment, which will affect not only the patients' independent living but also the clinical rehabilitation. Refraction and using telescope are effective for vision rehabilitation. Doctors should pay much attention to the visual therapy and rehabilitation for the stroke patients.

Objective To discuss the clinical characteristics and therapeutic strategy of contrecoup contusion and laceration in frontal lobe. Methods 48 cases with contrecoup contusion and laceration in frontal lobe were analysed retrospectively with their imaging feature. Results In accordance with the GOS,36 cases survived well, 8 suffered from moderate disability. One keept in persistent vegetative state and one was dead. Conclusion Contrecoup contusion and laceration in frontal lobe merged with occipital extradural hematoma and diffuse brain swelling. Early diagnosis and treatment for the delayed occipital extradural hematoma, and standard large trauma craniotomy in treatment of heavy contrecoup contusion and laceration with diffuse brain swelling in frontal lobe were the key measures to improve the rate of success rescue.

Objective To detect the expression of CRF and CRF receptors in colonic mucosa of DSS induced colitis in mice model and to study the effect of CRF and CRF receptors on the development.Methods Six to eight weeks healthy female BALB/c mice were divided into control group and DSS group.Setting up DSS colitis model and colitis was evaluated by the disease activity index(DAI) and histological score.The immunofluorescence technique was used to assay the CRF1 and CRF2 receptors expression in colonic mucosa.The expression of CRF and CRF receptors protein were analyzed by western blotting.Results DSS colitis was set up successfully with significant inflammation in colonic mucosa by the disease activity index (DAI) and histological score.Immunofluorescenee staining evidenced that expression of CRF1 receptor in DSS colitis group has no significant deviation compared to control group(P ＞ 0.05),while the expression of CRF2 receptor was elevated in DSS colitis group compared to control group (P ＜ 0.05).CRF2 receptor was localized in epithelial cells and mononuclear cells in the lamina propria.The levels of CRF and CRF2 receptor protein by western blotting were higher in in DSS colitis group compared to control group (P ＜ 0.05).The level of CRF1 receptor protein in DSS colitis group had no significant deviation compared to control group(P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The higher expression of CRF and CRF2 in colonic mucosa of DSS colitis may participate in the development of colitis.

Objective To investigate the effect of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) on coronary microcirculation function in short-term hibernating myocardium(SHM) animal model.Methods Twelve little domestic Chinese pigs were established as the model of SHM by interventional method (closed-chest) and divided into 2 groups at random: the control group (CON group, n =6) and ischemic preconditioning group (IPC group, n =6).IPC was elicited by 2 cycle of 5 min of ischemia followed by 5 min of reperfusion before the establishment of model.Intracoronary Doppler guidewire was used to measure average peak velocity (APV),diastolic systolic velocity ratio(DSVR) and coronary flow reserve(CFR) of the distal to the stenosis at the baseline and 10 min,30 min,60 min,120 min after the establishment of model.Results APV,DSVR and CFR all decreased significantly in SHM model in both groups( P 0.05 ),at 60 min CFR of the CON group decreased significantly than before( 0.96 ? 0.27 vs 1.74 ? 0.49 , P 0.05 ).Conclusions The coronary microcirculation dysfunction happened at the time point of 60 min after coronary stenosis in SHM model,IPC can protect the coronary microcirculation function in SHM model.

Objective To investigate the role of mitochondrial KATP channel in the mechanism of the protective effect of ischemic preconditioning (IP) against ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury.Methods Forty-eight Wistar rats of both sexs weighing 250-350 g were used in this study. Forty rats were randomly divided into 5 groups ( n = 8 each): group A I/R; group B IP+ I/R; group C diazoxide (DZ mito-KATP channel activator) + I/R; group D 5-HD (mito-KATP channel blocker) + IP + I/R and group E 5-HD + DZ + I/R. Another 8 animals were used for electron microscopic examination of normal mitochondria as control. The animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal pentobarbital 30 mg?kg-1. The hearts were immediately excised and passively perfused in a Langendorff apparatus with K-H solution at 5.8 kPa perfusion pressure and 36.5-37.5℃ via aortic cannulation. A fluid-filled latex balloon was via left atrium in left ventricle for the measurement of left ventricular function. I/R was induced after 30 min stabilization by clamping aortic cannula for 40 min followed by 30 min reperfusion. In group B and D the isolated hearts underwent 2 episodes of 5 min ischemia followed by 5 min reperfusion before I/R. In group C and E DZ 50 ?mol?L-1 was infused for 10 min and in group D and E 5-HD 100 ?mol?L-1 was infused for 10 min before I/R. HR, LVSP, LVEDP and coronary flow (CF) were measured at the end of stabilization (T0 , baseline), immediately before I/R (T1 ) and at 10, 20 and 30 min of reperfusion (T2.3.4.), and left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP= LVSP- LVEDP) was calculated. Myocardial tissue was obtained at the end of 30 min reperfusion for electron microscopic examination of mitochondria. Mitochondrial ultrastructure was assessed by Flameng scoring system (0 = normal, 4 = severely damaged) .Results Ischemic and DZ preconditioning significantly increased LVDP and decreased LVEDP and Flameng score. 5-HD pretreatment partly antagonized the protective effect of IP and completely antagonized that of DZ against I/R injury. Conclusion Ischemic preconditioning protects the heart against I/R injury mainly by activating mitochondrial KATP channel.