Survivin is closely related to biological behavior of multiple cancers. Significant research progresses have been made in determining Survivin's expression and functional mechanisms in tumor cells. Survivin has been used in identifying tumor markers, predicting prognosis, investigating malignant behaviors and other aspects of cancer research.

Eukaryotic DNA element called Matrix Attachment Regions (MARs) can function on regulating the structure and activity of chromosome. Traditional quantitation in vitro and indirect functional analysis can not always reflect MAR-involved physiological state. In order to study transcription regulation and make a try in methodism,? 1-antitrypsin MAR (?1-AT MAR) is cloned and incorporated into pEGFP-C1 vector. Non-MAR-containing and MAR-containing plasmids were then transfected into HEK-293 cells with LipofectamineTM 2000 respectively. Positive cell clones were assayed after 20 days of selection by G418. Semiquantitative RT-PCR and fluorescence microscope analysis show that this MAR has a positive effect on modulating nearby gene expression. Further, co-localization with newly CMV promoter and RNA polymeraseⅡ(RNAPⅡ) was detected by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), The PCR result demonstrates that more RNAPⅡwas recruited to the CMV promoter to initiate transcription in presence of MAR. ChIP can be used to confirm the MAR-mediated transcriptional activation and provide more reliable information than RT-PCR in real time. The technology is also providing a platform for our research in gene expression regulation.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of two glycolic acid-containing liquid preparations for the treatment of facial acne vulgaris.Methods Sixty patients with mild to moderate acne vulgaris were included in a randomized,single-blinded,split-face,controlled study.The left and right sides of each patient's face were randomly assigned to the test group (treated with one hydroxy acid-containing liquid preparation) and control group (treated with the other hydroxy acid-containing liquid preparation).In total,all the patients were given four times of treatment at week 0,2,6 and 10 with the concentration of hydroxy acid in both preparations being 20％,35％,50％ and 70％,respectively.The number of inflammatory and noninflammatory acne lesions was counted,and the improvement in acne mark,scar and pores was evaluated by a 6-point grading scale before every treatment and 4 weeks after the last treatment.Results At 2,6,10,and 14 weeks after initiation of treatment,the clearance rate for inflammatory lesions was 20.4％,43.3％,66.9％ and 80.2％ respectively in the test group,21.6％,44.2％,68.1％ and 79.8％ respectively in the control group,while that for noninflammatory lesions was 18.5％,34.0％,41.3％ and 59.6％ respectively in the test group,17.8％,31.2％,44.9％ and 57.1％ respectively in the control group.The response rate was 80.0％ in the test group and 78.3％ in the control group at the end of the study.Adverse effects were observed in both groups,including temporary pain,erythema and formation of hoar frost,all of which well responded to symptomatic treatment.There were no significant differences in clinical efficacy or adverse effects between the two groups (both P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Both of the hydroxy acid-containing preparations are effective and safe for mild to moderate acne vulgaris.

Objective To investigate the clinical relationship between villus cells chromosome abnormality and spontaneous a-bortion in early pregnancy.Methods Villus cells from 112 women who just had spontaneous abortion in early pregnancy were cul-tured and prepared for karyotype analysis.Results 105 specimens were anaIyzed successfully which accounted for 93.75%(105/112).Among them 50 specimens were normal karyotype which accounted for 47.62%(50/105),55 cases were abnormal karyotype accounted for 52.38%(55/105).Abnormal number was the major type of abnormal karyotype.Among them there were 33 cases of trisomy which were most common,6 cases of triploid,1 case of tetraploid and 1 case of compound,2 cases of chimera,1 case of sex-ual chromatids and 6 cases of structural abnormalities.In the specimens with normal karyotype,20 cases were from male,30 cases were from female.Conclusion Embryo chromosome abnormality is one of the factors causing early pregnancy spontaneous abor-tion.Conduct villus chromosome examination in clinical treatment is useful to determine the reasons of abortion and to guide the next pregnancy.

Objective To investigate the circadian blood pressure(BP)rhythm in hypertensive patients with chronic renal insufficiency.Methods Circadian blood pressure(BP)rhythm was studied by ambulatory 24-h monitoring among hypertensive(n=25,group B)patients with stable progression of chronic renal insufficiency,and among patients with essential hypertension(n=28,group A)without renal disease.Results ①The 24-h diastolic BP and nocturnal systolic and diastolic BP of group B were significantly higher than those of group A[(80.9±13.4)mmHg vs[70.3±15.6)mm Hg,(160.2±17.8)mm Hg vs(140.3+25.9)mm Hg,(82.6±16.1)mm Hg vs(68.8±20.2)mm Hg,P＜0.05)].②Blooa pressure variability(BPV)of 24 hour systolic and diastolic BP of group B was higher than group A[(13.5±3.9)mm Hg vs(11.3±2.1)mm Hg and(9.2±1.2)mm Hg vs(8.3±1.8)mm Hg,P＜0.05).BPV of nocturnal systolic and diastolic BP in group B was signitleantly higher than group A [(14.9±3.3)mm Hg vs(9.3±2.1)mm Hg and (9.7±2.4)mm Hg vs(8.0±2.2)mm Hg,P＜0.01)].③The 24-h profile of BP of group A showed more non-dipper according for 64.3%(18/28),reverse-dipper according for 10.7%(3/28),but which was 40.O%(10/25)and 48.0%(12/25).Conclusion The renal patients show a disturbance in the 24-h profile of BP,higher indexes of noetttrnal BP and a greater nocturnal variability,which may be important factor for event of cardiovascular disease and renal insufficiency.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Chronic Disease ; Cough ; etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Rhinitis ; complications ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Sinusitis ; complications ; diagnosis ; drug therapy

Objective To observe the protective effect on retinal ganglion cells (RGC) and the safety of intravitreal injected acteoside in rats.Methods A total of 50 male Sprague Dawley rats with the weight of 190-210 g were used in this study.Fifteen rats were used for safety experiment of intravitreal injection of acteoside.The rats were divided into group A,B,C,control group and blank group,three rats in each group.The rats in group A,B and C were received intravitreal injection of 5 μl acteoside at the concentration of 1,2,and 5 mg/ml,respectively.Phosphate buffer solution (PBS) was injected in rats of control group.No treatment was performed for blank group.The retinal structure was examined by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining of retinal frozen sections at one,two and three weeks after injection.The retinal ultrastructure was examined by ultrathin section under transmission electron microscope at one and three weeks after injection.Others 35 rats were used for experiment of protective effect of acteoside on RGC.The rats were divided into operation group A and B (n=8),sham operation group C and D (n=8),and blank group (n=3).The optic nerve of rats in operation group was clamped for 10 seconds after optic nerve exposure,while the optic nerve of rats in sham operation group was exposed only.The rats in operation group A and B were received intravitreal injection with 5 μl acteoside (1 mg/ml) and 5 μl PBS respectively.The rats in sham operation group C and D were received intravitreal injection with 1 μl acteoside (1 mg/ml) and 1 μl PBS respectively.No treatment was performed for blank group.The retinal structure was examined by HE staining of retinal frozen sections at one,two and four weeks after injection.Immunohistochemistry was used to measure the expression of growth associated protein 43 (GAP-43).RGC apoptosis was assessed by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP-biotin nick-end labelling (TUNEL) method.Software of SPSS 13.0 was used for the data statistical analysis in this study.Results In the safety experiment of intravitreal injected acteoside,there was no abnormity of cornea,anterior chamber,lens,vitreous cavity and retina after injection.At one,two and three weeks after injection,the retina structure was normal without significant apoptosis,necrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration.The ganglion cell layer showed slightly edema; there was no obvious change of retinal ultrastructure after injection of acteoside with 5 mg/ml and 2 mg/ml,but slight change with the format of 1 mg/ml.Transmission electron microscopy showed that intravitreal injection of 5μl acteoside at the concentration of 2 or 5 mg/ml can induce significant changes of micro-structures of retina,while injections at 1mg/ml can only induce minor changes.In the experiment of protective effect of acteoside on RGC,light microscope revealed that the cell showed typical changes of apoptosis in operation group,but not in sham operation group and blank group.At the first and second week after injection,compared with the sham operation group and blank group,the RGC number was decreased in operation group.The difference of RGC numbers between operation group A and B was statistically different (F=26.206,P＜0.05).The RGC numbers in operation group continues to decrease at the fourth week after injection,there was obvious difference compared with the first and second week after injection (F=17.364,P＜0.05),but there was no difference of RGC numbers among sham operation intra-group and between sham operation group and blank group at all the time points.Immunohistochemistry showed that at the first week after injection,the integrated absorbance (IA) value in operation group was higher than that in other groups (F=33.466,P＜0.05) ; there was no difference of IA value between operation group A and B.At the second week after injection,IA value in operation group A had slightly declined,but higher than that in operation group B (F=14.391,P＜0.05).At the fourth week after injection,IA value in operation group A declined further,but also higher than that in other groups (F=4.178,P＜0.05).TUNEL showed that on the first week after injection,RGC apoptosis rate in operation group was increased than that in other groups (F=15.365,P＜0.05).At the second week after injection,RGC apoptosis rate in operation group was decreased,and it in operation group A was lower than that in operation group B (F=15.365,P＜0.05).At the fourth week after injection,RGC apoptosis rate in operation group was decreased obviously,there was no difference compared with other groups (F =2.057,P ＞ 0.05).There was no difference of RGC apoptosis rate between sham operation group and blank group at all the time points.Conclusion Intravitreal injection of 5 μl acteoside (1mg/ml) is safe for rat retina,and can up-regulate GAP-43 expression and inhibit RGC apoptosis in optic nerve crush rats.

Objective To study the effect of Gabapentin(GBP)on the transient receptor potential vanilloid l(TRPV1)in dorsal root ganglion (DRG)of rats with chronic constriction injury(CCI). Methods SD male rats were used to establish CCI model and randomly divided into 3 groups,the control group,the CCI group,and the CCI+GBP group. Mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia were measured to evaluate the es?tablishment of CCI model and the analgesic effect of GBP. At the postoperative 8 days,all rats were sacrificed and dorsal root ganglions were collect?ed for further RT?PCR and Western?blotting analysis to detect expression of TRVP1 in DRG. Results The mRNA and protein expression of TRPV1 were both significantly increased in DRG after CCI operation and GBP could decrease mRNA expression of TRPV1 gene in DRG after CCI. Conclusion The expression of TRPV1 was increased in DRG after CCI operation which was decreased after administration of GBP.

Objective To compare the safety,effectiveness and predictability of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) with fem- tosecond laser (IntraLase) and mechanical microkeratome (Moria M2,head 90?m).Design Prospective clinical study.Participant 148 patients (274 eyes) with high myopia received operation of LASIK.Method The patients were assigned to receiving LASIK with corneal flap creation by Intralase femtosecond laser (134 eyes of 76 patients) or Moria 90 keratome (140 eyes of 72 patients),both groups receiving eximer laser ablation with VISX Star S4.Followed-up examinations such as visual acuity,refraction,wavefront aberra- tion,etc.were scheduled for 1 day,1 week,1 month and 3 months postoperatively.Main Outcome Measures Visual acuity,refrac- tion,wavefront aberration,Schirmer test and tear film breakup time(BUT).Results At 3 months after operation,108 eyes (80.6%) of IntraLase group had UCVA better than or equal to BSCVA preoperatively,showing no statistically significant difference to microker- atome group (116 eyes,82.9%,P=0.642).The mean residual spheroequivalent of refraction of IntraLase group was -0.49?0.70D,show- ing no statistically significant difference to microkeratome group (-0.56?0.83D,P=0.448).The mean Schirmer test of Intralase group was 9.5?4.0mm,showing no statistically significant difference to microkeratome group (9.5?7.2mm,P=0.950).The mean BUT of IntraLase group was 7.9?4.3s,showing no statistically significant difference to microkeratome group (8.08?5.48s,P=0.869).The postoperative higher-order aberrations of the IntraLase group was 0.480?0.133?m,lower than that of microkeratome group (0.578?0.169?m,P=0.034). Conclusions Thin-flap LASIK with femtosecond laser and mechanical keratome flap creation are both safe,effective for the correction of high myopia,showing good predictability and stability.Femtosecond laser has slightly better clinical outcomes than microkeratome.

Objective To investigate the influencing factors for eye cyclotorsion and pupil centroid shift during LASIK.Design Non-controlled retrospective case series.Participant 131 patients (262 eyes) with myopia received bilateral LASIK.Methods Eye cy- clotorsion and pupil centroid shift were measured with Custom Vue~(TM) software during operation and compared with age,gender,right or left eye,flap-making method,spherical equivalent (SE),pupil diameter before and during operation.Main Outcome Measures The de- gree of eye cyclotorsion and distance of pupil centroid shift during LASIK.Results The mean eye cyclotorsion during LASIK was 3.07??2.07?(0?-8.6?).The mean pupil centroid shift was 0.33?0.14 mm (0.04-0.51 mm).The eye cyclotorsion was relevant to preoperative pupil size,difference of pupil size before and during operation,and preoperative SE (r=0.188,0.156,0.130,all P7.0 mm was higher than that of with pupil diameter≤7.0mm (3.35??2.17?,2.71??1.89?,P=-0.014).Pupil centroid shift was higher in fight eyes than that in left eyes (0.39?0.12 mm,0.28?0.13 mm,P=0.000).Conclu- sion Eye cyclotorsion and pupil centroid shift during LASIK can be measured with Custom Vue~(TM) system.The eye cyclotorsion may be influenced by the preoperative pupil size.The pupil centroid during LASIK was more significant in the right eyes than in the left eyes.