OBJECTIVETo explore the rhythm regulatory mechanism of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the process of moxibustion for rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

METHODSA total of 144 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into a blank group, a model group, a moxibustion group, a sham operation group, an operation group, an operation+moxibustion group, 24 rats in each one. Each group was divided into 4 time points (0:00 am, 6:00' am, 12:00 am, 6:00 pm), 6 rats in each time point. The Light-Dark 12 : 12 was given in all rats for light-dark cycle. Except the blank group, rats in the remaining groups were treated with intracutaneous injection of freund's complete adjuvant at right-side foot to establish the model of RA. After the model establishment, bilateral adrenal, glands were removed in the operation group and operation + moxibustion group, while those in the sham operation group were not removed with identical operation procedure. Rats in the moxibustion group and operation + moxibustion group were treated with grain-sized moxibustion from 7:00 am to 9:00 am at "Shenshu" (BL 23) and "Zusanli" (ST 36) once everyday, 6 times were taken as one session and 3 sessions were required tatclly, while rats in the remaining groups received identical fixation without moxibustion. The general health state and foot volume of rats were measured before model establishment, after establishment and after treatment. After treatment, rats were sacrificed at each time point to collect the blood sample and measure the content of IL-6 by using enzymne-immunoassay method.

RESULTSCompared with the blank group, the foot swelling in the model group was obviously increased (P<0. 05); the IL-6 maintained circadian rhythm (P<0. 05), but the peak phase had a backward trend, famplitude had an increased trend and the median was significantly lifted (P<0. 05). Compared with model group, !the foot swelling in the moxibustion group was obviously decreased (P<0. 05); the IL-6 maintained circadian. rhythm (P<0. 05), and the peak phase had a forward trend, amplitude had a decreased trend and the median was significantly reduced (P<0. 05). Compared with the moxibustion group, the foot swelling in the operation--moxibustion group was obviously increased (P < 0.05); the IL-6 maintained circadian rhythm (P < 0.5), but the peak phase moved forwrd, and the median was significantly elevated (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe IL-6 in plasma maintains significant pathological circadian rhythm in RA rats; with the complete hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, moxibustion is likely to regulate the circadian rhythm of IL-6 to play an important role of anti-inflammatory effect in RA rats.

Acupuncture Points ; Animals ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Circadian Rhythm ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Humans ; Hypothalamus ; metabolism ; Interleukin-6 ; metabolism ; Male ; Moxibustion ; Pituitary-Adrenal System ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Time Factors

Objective:To observe the clinical effect of self-prescribed Zuoyu No. 2 (ZY2) in the treatment of anal eczema after complex anal fistula operation. Methods: Totally 100 patients were randomly divided into two groups, the patients in the treatment group were given ZY2 combined with the conventional wound dressing treatment after defecation everyday, while the patients in the con-trol group were treated with washing infection area with warm water followed by applying triamcinolone acetonide and econazole creams on the lesion or itching skin combined with the conventional wound dressing after defecation everyday. Results:The efficiency rate in the treatment group was higher than that in the control group (82. 0% vs 60. 0%, P<0. 05), the total effective rate in the treatment group was also significantly higher than that in the control group (100% vs 90. 0%, P<0. 05). The anal pruritus disappearance time and the skin lesion recovery time in the treatment group were better than those in the control group(P<0. 05). Conclusion:ZY2 has a good clinical curative efficacy in the treatment of anal eczema after complex anal fistula operation with improvement of clinical symp-toms, which is worthy of promoted application.

Objective:To observe the clinical effects of Zuoyu üo. 1(ZY1)in the prevention of concomitant concurrent complica-tions after operation for anorectal diseases. Methods:164 patients who had received operation for anorectal diseases were randomly di-vided into 2 groups. Patients in the treatment group were treated with sitz baths in ZY1 and the conventional wound dressing method. Patients in the control group were treated with sitz baths in warm water and the conventional wound dressing method. Results:The effi-ciency rate of the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group(53. 57% vs. 27. 5%,P<0. 05),as well as the total effectiveness(95. 23% vs. 88. 75%,P<0. 05). The comparison showed that better curative effects existed in the treatment group on distress,bleeding,and edema ratings and wound healing time. Conclusion:Sitz bath in ZY1 after operation for anorectal dis-eases reduces complications and shortens the wound healing time without any side effect. It is thus extensively promising in clinical ap-plications.

Adult ; Fever ; etiology ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Polyps ; complications ; Stomach Diseases ; complications

Objective To explore the application value of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) in the diagnosis of suspected obstructive jaundice in acute biliary pancreatitis and its effect on treatment outcomes. Methods Clinical data were retrospectively collected in 96 patients with acute biliary pancreatitis (ABP) who were suspected obstructive jaundice. Patients were divided into early EUS scanning group (EES) and delay EUS scanning group (DES). Clinical treatment results and test results were compared between the two groups. Results The diagnosis sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of EUS were 96.43 %, 82.5 %, 90.63 %, 88.52 % and 96.29 %. Early EUS scan with 72 h could identify the etiology of ABP and subsequent treatment based on the EUS can easily decrease the white blood cell count, percentage of neutrophils, total bilirubin and serum amylase (P < 0.05). The pain relief rate in EEI group after 1 week treatment was significantly higher than that in the DES group (87.50 % vs 66.67 %, P = 0.027) and average length of hospitalization was shorter [(12.70 ±2.10) d vs (14.10 ± 3.00) d, P = 0.006]. Delay EUS scan were likely to have higher white blood cell count and total bilirubin, meanwhile seemed to increase the organ failure rate and necrotic infection of the pancreas. Conclusion ABP with suspected obstructive jaundice should be considered to have endoscopy intervention. Results of EUS are the basis for treatment decision, which can avoid the unnecessary endoscopy treatment.

Objective To investigate the strategies of nutritional therapy for severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) patients.Methods Two hundred and eight patients with SAP were randomly divided into early enteral nutrition (EEN) group,late enteral nutrition (LEN) group and total enteral nutrition (TPN) group.EEN group received enteral nutrition through nasojejunal tube feeding within 72 hours in the course of disease,LEN group received the same treatment after 6 d in the course of disease,TPN group received total enteral nutrition.The index of nutrition,incidence of complication were recorded,efficacy and safety were analyzed.Results EEN group included 67 cases,while 72 cases in LEN group and 69 cases in TPN group.The incidence rate of malnutrition after 14 d of treatment in EEN group and LEN group was significantly lower than that in TPN group [59.7％ (40/67),58.3％ (42/72) vs.84.1％ (58/69),P ＜0.05],but the difference between EEN group and LEN group was not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia among three groups (P ＞ 0.05).The expression level of albumin,prealbumin and retinol-binding protein after 14 d of treatment in three groups compared with those before treatment and the differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).The expression level of albumin,prealbumin and retinol-binding protein after 14 d of treatment in EEN group and LEN group compared with those in TPN group and the differences were statistically significant (P＜ 0.05),there was no statistically significant difference between EEN group and LEN group (P＞ 0.05).The incidence rate of total infections,abdominal infections,bloodstream infections,secondary superinfections in TPN group were significantly lower than those in EEN group and LEN group [62.3％(43/69) vs.25.4％ (17/67),19.4％(14/72) ;21.7％(15/69) vs.4.5％(3/67),6.9％ (5/72);39.1％(27/69) vs.14.9％(10/67),11.1％(8/72) ;33.3％ (23/69) vs.9.0％ (6/67),9.7％(7/72),P ＜ 0.05],there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of peripancreatic infections,lung infections among three groups (P ＞ 0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of total infections,different infections between EEN group and LEN group.There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of noninfections among three groups (P ＞ 0.05).The rate of recovery in EEN group and LEN group was significanby higher than that in TPN group [91.0％ (61/67),94.4％ (68/72) vs.81.2％ (56/69),P ＜ 0.05],but the difference between EEN group and LEN group was not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Early enteral nutrition therapy for SAP patients is safe and effective,and could significantly improve the prognosis of patients.

An HPLC method to determine six alkaloids of the Coptidis for Chinese Pharmacopoeia of 2015 Edition was established through C18 column. The mobile phase was CH3CN-0.25 mol·L-1 NH4Ac (36:64) (containing 8 mmol·L-1 SDS and adjusting pH 9.3 with ammonia) at the flow rate of 1 mL·min-1, the detective wavelength was 270 nm and the column temperature was 35 oC. The linear ranges of jatrorrhizine hydrochloride, columbamine hydrochloride, epiberberine hydrochloride, coptisine hydrochloride, palmatine hydrochloride and berberine hydrochloride were 0.006 96-0.233, 0.004 75-0.152, 0.003 30-0.528, 0.006 31-1.010, 0.004 71-0.753, 0.017 8-2.884 μg·mL-1, respectively. The average recoveries were 99.65%, 98.59%, 98.49%, 98.66%, 98.64%, 98.63% and RSD were 0.03%、0.15%、0.21%、0.12%、0.28%、0.23%, respectively. The method is simple and accurate, and can be used to determine the contents of jatrorrhizine, columbamine, epiberberine, coptisine, palmatine and berberine in the Coptidis.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the content determination of hordenine in Zang medicine Herba Aconiti. METHODS:HPLC was performed on the column of Gemini-NX C18 with mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.25 mol/l Ammonium ace-tate solution(ammonia water to adjust the pH to 9.5,gradient elution,at flow rate of 1 ml/min,the detection wavelength was 230 nm,the column temperature was 30 ℃,and the injection volume was 20 μl.RESULTS:The linear range of hordenine was 3.276-819μg/ml(r=0.999 5);RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were lower than 2.0%;recovery was 96.21%-104.04%(RSD=1.23%,n=9). CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple,stable and reproducible,and can be used for the content determi-nation of hordenine in Zang medicine Herba Aconiti.

At the present time, training student to have innovative and applied ability has become the object of higher education in China. In this paper, it was proposed that teacher was obligated to create certain atmospheres in classroom to achieve this goal, including friendliness, harmoniousness, encouragement, happiness, discussion, exploration, etc. At the same time, student-centered study should be encouraged. Through these measures, the spirit of innovation will be inspired, the applied ability will be trained, the capability of self-study will be enhanced.

As a crucial component of acupuncture-moxibustion therapy, moxibustion has been extensively propagated and used with its significant efficacy, simple operation, inconspicuous adverse effects and less sufferings. There are a variety of factors that influence the therapeutic efficacy of moxibustion. The influencing factors, including moxibustion dose (moxibustion duration, distance between moxa and skin, size and number of moxa cone), selection of points, moxibustion sensations, and the type of moxibustion were analyzed and summarized, to provide references for approaching the maximum efficacy of moxibustion in clinic.