Objective To compare the therapeutic efficacy of various thrombolytic ways for deep venous thrombosis of lower extremity (DVTLE). Methods Three ways of medications were used in this series,one way was via systematic,one way was via local deep vein by puncture, and another way was to block the proximal and the medication was given through the distal part of the great saphenous vein.Results The 3 thrombolytic ways on treating DVTLE had different efficacies.The best way was the latest way. Conclusions The best way in treating DVTLE is local thrombolysis via superficial vein medication.

Adult ; Computers, Handheld ; Data Collection ; Humans ; Male ; Otolaryngology ; User-Computer Interface

Humans ; Kartagener Syndrome

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of a integrative medical regimen (IMR), i.e. combined use of Jiangya Capsule (JYC) and Nimodipine (ND), on blood pressure, TCM clinical symptoms, and blood levels of vascular endothelial function and hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in elderly patients with isolated systolic hypertension (EISH).

METHODSAdopting randomized, double-blinded and controlled principle, a trial was conducted on 135 patients with EISH by randomized them into three groups, they were administered IMR (Group A), JYC plus ND simulator (Group B) and ND plus JYC simulator (Group C) respectively, for 4 weeks. Changes of blood pressure and TCM symptoms, as well as the levels of serum nitric oxide (NO), plasma endothelin-1 (ET-1), 6-keto-prostaglandin 1alpha (6-keto-PGF(1alpha)), thromboxane B2 (TXB2) and hs-CRP were observed before and after treatment.

RESULTSAfter treatment the systolic blood pressure reduced and clinical symptoms improved, with serum NO and 6-keto-PGF(1alpha) lelels elevated, plasma ET-1, TXB2 and serum hs-CRP decreased in all the three groups (P<0.05 or P<0.01). But the inter-group comparisons showed that the effect in Group A was superior to the other two groups in decreasing systolic pressure, and superior to Group C in improving clinical symptoms, elevating serum NO and decreasing plasma TXB2 (P <0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe integrative medical regimen of combined use JYC and ND has markedly effect in lowering blood pressure, it could obviously improve the symptoms and vascular endothelial function, and inhibit the level of inflammatory factor in patients with EISH.

Aged ; C-Reactive Protein ; metabolism ; Double-Blind Method ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Endothelin-1 ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; drug therapy ; Integrative Medicine ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nimodipine ; therapeutic use ; Nitric Oxide ; blood ; Phytotherapy ; Thromboxane B2 ; blood

Pigment epithelium derived factor (PEDF) has been proven to be an effective drug for the treatment of choroidal neovascularization (CNV). However, the lack of ideal administration route is the biggest bottleneck preventing PEDF from wider clinical use. In this study, we developed a novel PEDF-carrying system which employed immuno-nano-liposomes (INLs) under ultrasound exposure. PEDF-loaded INLs were prepared by conjugating nanoliposomes to the peptide ATWLPPR specifically targeting the receptor-2 for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFR-2) and reversely encapsuling PEDF. RF/6A cells were incubated with PEDF-loaded INLs. CNV models of BN rats were injected with PEDF-loaded INLs. MTT assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the INLs on RF/6A cells. Flow cytometry was conducted to detect the apoptotic rate of cells. Laser scanning confocal microscopy was employed to observe the binding and transmitting process of PEDF-loaded INLs and to calculate the area of CNV in the rat model. The results showed that the PEDF-loaded INLs could exclusively bind to CNV but not to the normal choroidal vessels. The CNV area was significantly decreased in PEDF treatment groups in comparison with control group (P<0.05). Moreover, PEDF-loaded INLs exposed under ultrasound were more efficient in reducing the CNV area (P<0.05). It was concluded that INLs in combination with ultrasonic exposure can transmit PEDF into cytoplasma with high specificity and efficiency, which strengthens the inhibitory effects of PEDF on CNV and reduces its side effects. PEDF-loaded INLs possibly represent a new treatment paradigm for patients with ocular neovascularization.

To improve 3-ketosteroid-△1-dehydrogenase(KSDH) activity and the transformation level for androst-4-ene-3,17-dione, 3-ketosteroid-△1-dehydrogenase gene(ksdD) from Arthrobacter simplex was cloned into plasmid pWB980 and expressed in B. subtilis WB600 under the control of promoter P43. The molecular weight of expressed enzyme was about 55kDa by SDS-PAGE analysis. The activitities assayed by spectrophotometrical method of intracellular and extracellular soluble enzyme were 110?0.5mU and 15?0.6mU per milligram of protein respectively. The transformation rate of androst-4-ene-3,17-dione by the B. subtilis recombinant cells was 45.3%. Compared with Arthrobacter simplex, the enzyme activity of KSDH expressed in B. subtilis was improved about 30 fold, and the transformation level of androst-4-ene-3,17-dione by the B. subtilis recombinant cells was improved about 10 fold. The recombinant B. subtilis cells used in biotransformation of steroids provided a new way for steroid medicines production.

Objective To prepare a glycerol reference material.Methods The material was prepared and characterized according to the primary standard substance technological specification(JJG 1006- 1994).Glycerol was dissolved in water containing 0.5% sodium azide and dispersed to glass ampules.The homogeneity and stability of this material were tested with an HPLC method.Glycerol concentration was determined by a titration method as specified in the Pharmacopoeia of China.Results The three time measuring result of glycerol reference material was 1.297 5?0.014 3,1.302 0?0.008 9,1.313 7? 0.007 8,respectively.Statistical analysis showed that this material was homogeneous (F=1.462,P=0.166) .It was stable for at least 4 years at 4℃.The assigned reference value was 0.103 6 g/g and the expanded uncertainty was 0.000 4 g/g.Conclusions This material meet the technical requirements of national primary standard reference material.It is approved as the Certified Reference Material (GBW 09149) by General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection,Quarantine of the People's Republic of China in May,2006.

This study was aimed to investigate the effect of dexamethasone (Dex) on immunosuppressive ability of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) during expansion and differentiation of MSC. MSC were cultured in 96-well flat-bottom plates. Proliferation assays were performed by using the BrdU colorimetric ELISA Kit. To explore the effect of Dex on MSC immunosuppressive ability, MSC were firstly cultured in complete culture medium for 14 d with Dex (10 nmol/L), and then, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) were co-cultured with MSC in 96-well flat-bottom plates for 3 d. Phytohemagglutinin A (PHA, 10 µg/ml) was used to stimulate activation of PBMNC. The concentrations of IFN-γ in culture supernatants was detected by ELISA. The results indicated that there was no obvious difference in representative phenotypes of MSC between experimental and control groups after MSC were treated with low concentration of Dex (10 nmol/L) for 14 d, but the suppression of Dex-treated MSC on lymphocyte activation in same concentration of cells was significantly reduced as compared with control group. After the Dex-treated MSC were co-cultured with IFN-γ for 12 h, the immunoregulatory ability of MSC was recovered in a certain degree. It is concluded that the Dex impairs the immunosuppressive ability of MSC, the IFN-γ can protect and reverse the immunosuppressive ability of MSC impaired by Dex, so that, when the immunoregulatory activity of MSC is investigated, it is necessary to avoid adding Dex in the culture medium.
Cells, Cultured ; Dexamethasone ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Immune Tolerance ; drug effects ; Interferon-gamma ; immunology ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; Lymphocyte Activation ; immunology ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo explore attenuation and mechanism of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-mediated hepatocyte apoptosis in rats with alcohol-induced liver injury by Qinggan Huoxue Recipe (QGHXR) and its disassembled formulas (Qinggan Recipe and Huoxue Recipe respectively).

METHODSA rat model of chronic alcoholic liver injury was successfully established using a compound reagent of alcohol, corn oil, and pyrazol. The modeled rats were randomly divided into the model group, the QGHXR group, the Qinggan Recipe (QGR) group, and the Huoxue Recipe group (HXR). The CCl4 control group and the normal control group were also set up. There were ten rats in each group. All rats of modeled groups were gastrogavaged with alcohol compound reagent every morning. Rats in the QGHXR group (at the daily dose of 9. 5 g/kg, QGR group (at the daily dose of 3.0 g/kg), and HXR group (at the daily dose of 6.5 g/kg) were administered with corresponding medicines by gastrogavage every afternoon. Equal volume of normal saline was given to rats of the model group by gastrogavage. CCl4 was intraperitoneally injected at the dose of 0.3 mL/kg to rats in the CCl4 control group, once per week. Normal saline was given to rats in the normal control group by gastrogavage. The treatment was lasted for two weeks. Pathological changes of the liver were observed by histopathology. Serum total homocysteine (tHCY) level was detected by ELISA. The hepatocyte apoptosis rate was detected using flow cytometry. The gene and protein expressions of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha (elF-2alpha), phosphorylation elF-2alpha (pelF-2alpha), glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), and Caspase-3 in the liver were examined using Real-time PCR and Westen blot respectively.

RESULTSCompared with the normal control group, typical pathological changes of chronic alcoholic liver injury such as steatosis, inflammation, and even fibrosis occurred in model rats. The hepatocyte apoptosis obviously increased, with the apoptosis rate reaching the five-fold of that in normal rats. Besides, early apoptosis dominated. The serum tHCY level significantly increased. The expressions of p-elF-2alpha, GRP78, and Caspase-3 protein obviously increased (P < 0.01). Expressions of GRP78 and Caspase-3 mRNA significantly increased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, the degrees of the liver injury and the hepatocyte apoptosis in the QGHXR group, the QGR group, and the HXR group were significantly alleviated. The serum tHCY level was significantly lowered. The protein expressions of p-elF-2a, GRP78, and Caspase-3 obviously decreased (P < 0.01). mRNA expressions of GRP78 and Caspase-3 obviously decreased in the QGHXR group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Only GRP78 mRNA expression obviously decreased in the QGR group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONQGHXR and its disassembled formulas could attenuate ERS-mediated hepatocyte apoptosis in alcohol-induced liver injury rats by lowering the serum tHCY level and expressions of ERS apoptosis correlated factors.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ; drug effects ; Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-2 ; metabolism ; Heat-Shock Proteins ; metabolism ; Hepatocytes ; drug effects ; pathology ; Homocysteine ; blood ; Liver Diseases, Alcoholic ; blood ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo discuss the indication, efficacy and safety of endoscopic minimally invasive surgery technique in the management of nasal skull-base neoplasms.

METHODSThirty-six patients with nasal skull base neoplasms were treated from January 2000 to Jun 2004 under nasal endoscopy, including 16 nasopharyngeal fibroangioma, 8 sinus osteofibroma, 8 pituitary adenoma, 4 olfactory neuroblastoma. Pathology lab procedures were performed pre or post-operatively. The feeding artery of nasopharyngeal fibroangioma was selectively embolized with gelatin sponge before operation. All olfactory neuroblastoma and 2 pituitary adenoma received radiotherapy after operation.

RESULTSTotal or most of nasopharyngeal fibroangioma, sinus osteofibroma, olfactory neuroblastoma and pituitary adenoma were excised. Three cases presented complications of cerebrospinal fluid leakage, 2 cases were successfully mended with middle turbinate and muscle tissue respectively, another one gained self-healing after reducing the intracranial pressure and anti-inflammation. Followed up 4 to 8 years without recurrence for all patients. Seldom serious complications accrued.

CONCLUSIONSWhen the indications are selected appropriately, nasal skull-base neoplasms, including benign and malignant, can be well treated with nasal endoscopic minimally invasive surgery.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Fibroma, Ossifying ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Neuroblastoma ; surgery ; Nose ; surgery ; Olfactory Nerve ; pathology ; Pituitary Neoplasms ; surgery ; Skull Base Neoplasms ; surgery ; Young Adult