1.Biological effects of peripheral nerve block on the spinal cord
Xia LI ; Yong ZHANG ; Jing ZHANG
Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research 2013;(37):6594-6600
BACKGROUND:How does the peripheral nerve block work to inhibit the functions? What effects does it do to the spinal cord and the cerebral center? How does it regulate the peripheral nerve and how does it change anatomy of brain center? Al above are stil unknown.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of peripheral nerve block on the biology of spinal cord nerve cel s.
METHODS: Sixty New Zealand rabbits were selected and randomly divided into three groups: ischiadic nerve block group, subarachnoid block group and extradural nerve block group. Each group had 20 rabbits which were sub-divided into experimental group and control group with 10 rabbits in each subgroup. The rabbits in the three experimental groups were injected with lidocaine, bupivacaine and lidocaine at the middle point between femoral head and ischiadic tuberosity in ischiadic nerve block group, subarachnoid block group and extradural nerve block group, respectively. The rabbits in each control group were injected with normal saline at the same position.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After ischiadic nerve block, extradural nerve block or subarachnoid block for 30 minutes, the Nigeria’s bodies of the little round cel s in the poliomyelia posterior horn laminaeⅢandⅣand the polyhedral cel s in the anterior horn laminaeⅨwere less than those in the control groups. Nuclei leaned towards one side. c-Fos protein expression was decreased or showed no expression, suggesting that the cord nerve cel function of corresponding spinal segments was inhibited. The spinal pia mater of spinal cord had a hierarchical or fracture phenomenon after subarachnoid block.
2.Observation on compressive strength of veneers on mottled teeth after pulse Nd:YAG laser irradiation
Yong-hua, XIA ; Dan-dan, ZHANG
Chinese Journal of Endemiology 2008;27(5):558-560
Objective To analyze experimentally the compressive strength of veneers on mottled teeth after Dul8e Nd:YAG laser irradiation.Methods Sixty motded teeth were extracted,including thirty maxdlary central incisors and thirty maxillary lateral incisors and each were divided equally into two groups randomly(experimental groups and control groups).The former were irradiated by pulse Nd:YAG lafer and then etched by 37%phosphorus acid.The latter only etched by 37%phosphorus acid.All the teeth were restored by composite resin veneers and tested with Instron 4505 electronic testing machine.The average collapse loads of the veneers of incisors were tested. The maximal compressive loads of the samples were obtained,then the experimental results were analyzed.Results The average collapse loads of central incisors of test groups and control groups were(0.342±0.053),(0.289±0.041) kN respectively,with a signiticant difference(t=3.16,P<0.05).The average collapse loads of lateral incisors of test groups and control groups were(0.321±0.041),(0.208 ±0.032)kN respectively.There was a significant difference when they were compared(t=7.66,P<0.05).Conclusions The compressive strength of the veneers incneases significandv when the mottled teeth are irradiated by pulse Nd:YAG laser.This method is worthy of recommending.
3.Analysis of orthopaedic teaching under transfer theory
Wang MIN ; Liu CHAO ; Zhang YUAN ; Hao YONG ; Zhang XIA
Chinese Journal of Medical Education Research 2011;10(12):1486-1488
Contents in orthopaedic are independent relatively and finding out the internal relations during them is helpful to improving the effect of orthopaedic teaching.Transfer theory is important tools for clinical teaching practice,and finding out the common characteristics between the orthopaedic chapters is primary for the theory.This research focuses on the following fields:fractures,nerve injury,infection,tumor and deformity.After the common characteristics between these chapters were analyzed and discussed,we concluded that the transfer theory is helpful in orthopaedic teaching practice,especially for students' comprehension and memory,but still we should avoid some negative effects in teaching process.
4.Comparative analysis of clinical short-term outcomes of Da Vinci robot-assisted spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy and laparoscopic spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy
Yong DENG ; Anning XIA ; Shouxiang ZHANG ; Yujie FENG ; Bingyuan ZHANG
International Journal of Surgery 2015;42(9):596-599,封3
Objective To compare the clinical result of Da Vinci robot-assisted distal pancreatectomy(RDP) and laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy(LDP), and to evaluate the clinical application experience of Da Vinci robotassisted spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy.Methods From March 2013 to June 2015, totally 12 patients undergone RDP and 22 patients undergone LDP in our department were analyzed retrospectively.Results Intraoperative blood loss, hospitalization duration and postoperative fast time in RDP group was less than that in LDP group, the spleen-preserving rate and hospitalization expenses were higher in RDP group(P < 0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the rate of surgery duration and incidence of postoperative complication between two groups (P > 0.05).The following-up period was 1-28 months with a mean of (9.94 ± 8.99) months, 1 case of peritoneal infection occurred in RDP group, 1 case of survival with tumor recurrence and 3 case suffered peritoneal infection in LDP group.Others were no metastasis, recurrence or death.Conclusions RDP is safe and feasible, the short-term prognosis is better than that of LDP.It has advantages of cleat 3 D visual field, stability in control,less invasive,and quick recovery.It is worth further clinical use.
5.Palliative surgical treatment and minimally invasive biliary drainage on hilar cholangiocarcinoma effect analysis
Anning XIA ; Shouxiang ZHANG ; Yong DENG ; Yujie FENG ; Bingyuan ZHANG
International Journal of Surgery 2015;42(11):748-751,封4
Objective To investigate the effect of palliative surgical treatment and minimally invasive biliary drainage of hilar cholangiocarcinoma.Methods Retrospectively collected 244 hilar cholangiocarcinoma patients clinical data in Affiliated Hospital of Qiingdao University between Jan.1,2008 to Dec.31,2011.Survival accoding to different treatment methods was compared using Kaplan-Meier method.The continuous measurement data were analyzed using the one-way ANOVA and the U test.The categorical variable were analyzed using the chi-square test or Fisher exact test.Result Among 244 patients, the R1/R2 resection group in 93 patients, the endoscopic retrograde biviar drainage group in 69 patients, the percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage group in 82 patiens.Three groups of median survival time and l-, 2-, 3-year survival rate and median survival time were (13.5 months, 8.9 months, 8.6 months), (63.0%, 24.7%, 7.4%), (33.3%, 3.3%, 0), (32.4%,4.2%, 0), respectively.There was significant difference in the survival time between R1/R2-resections and endoscopic retrograde biviary drainage treatments (P < 0.001).R1/R2-resections and percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage treatments were statistical differences in survival time (P < 0.001).Endoscopic retrograde biviary drainage and percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage treatments were no statistical differences in survival time (P =0.971).Conclusions Palliative surgical treatment for hilar cholangiocarcinoma patients had a more significant effect.Endoscopic retrograde biviary drainage and percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage of minimally invasive jaundice reducing method for prognosis in patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma was same.
6.Screening and model construction of the clinical diagnostic indictors for Kashin-Beck disease in adolescents
Chun-xia, CAO ; Xiong, GUO ; Yong-zhong, ZHANG
Chinese Journal of Endemiology 2011;30(6):687-690
Objective To understand the relationship between clinical manifestations and Kashin-Beck disease(KBD) and their contribution to diagnosis of KBD and to construct the diagnosis model for KBD in adolescents.Methods A total of 2248 subjects under the age of 18 were collected from 6 KBD endemic and 1 non-KBD areas of the Shaanxi province in China.Analysis of 32 indicators,including gender,age,and KBD clinical indicators.Indicators of the distribution of measurement data between the two groups using t test and analysis of variance,x2 test with count data,multi-category ordered response variables Logistic regression analysis for model building.Results It showed the KBD prevalence rate in adolescent had an increasing tendency with age.Analysis of indicators between the two groups,in addition to the age factor(P < 0.05),the difference of ankle pain,knee pain,wrist movement disorder and other 5 indicators(P < 0.05) and the last bend,elbow movement disorder,syndactyly and other 9 indicators(P < 0.01 ) were statistically significant.Sixteen clinical and radiographic features in the clinical manifestations were significantly related with the clinical severity grading with KBD(P < 0.01 ).Four models on the diagnostic indictors were constructed by cumulative logit model for adolescent KBD (-21ogL,Score,Wald x2 test,P < 0.01 ).Conclusions The establishment of the diagnostic model based on their contribution of the joint involvement in systemic performance-related indicators has an important role for clinical diagnosis of KBD.
7.Study on the polymorphisms and promoter methylation and expression of the glutathione S-transferases P1 gene in hepatocellular carcinoma
You-Cai ZHANG ; Yong-Ping CHEN ; Jin-Xia CHEN ;
Chinese Journal of Digestion 2001;0(07):-
Objective To study the relationships between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the polymorphisms,promoter methylation,and expression of glutathione S-transferases P1 gene (GST) P1 gene.Methods Using methylation-special PCR (MSP),the methylated status of CpG islands of GSTP1 gene in tumor tissues of 53 HCC and its adjacent nontumor tissues were studied.The enzyme activities of GSTP1 were evaluated by ultraviolet colormetry.And using PCR-RFLP,the genetic polymorphisms of the GSTP1 genes of 74 healthy controls and 53 HCC patients were studied.Results The diffe-rences of the frequency of GSTP1 Ile/Ile,Ile/Val and Val/Val genotypes between HCC patients and the normal controls did not reach statistical significance (X~2=0.84,v=2,P=0.656).The frequency of methyla- tion of CpG islands of GSTP1 gene was significantly higher among the HCC tumor tissues when com- pared to the corresponding nontumor tissues (X~2=19.08,P<0.001),and significantly higher in stageⅢ-Ⅳcases when compared to the stageⅠ-Ⅱcases (X~2=4.84,P=0.028).GSTP1 enzyme activities of cytoplasm in tumor cells were lower significantly than that in the adjacent nontumor tissues (t=2.49, P=0.014),and significantly higher in stageⅠ-Ⅱcases when compared to the stageⅢ-Ⅳcases (t= 2.31,P=0.025).On the other hand,the GSTP1 enzyme activities of cytoplasm in tumor cells with methylated status of GSTP1 gene were significantly lower than that in tumor cells with unmethylation (t=3.50,P=0.001).Conclusion GSTP1 inactivation via CpG island hypermethylation may contrib- ute to the pathogenesis of HCC.
8.Risk factors of postoperative acute lung injury of liver transplantation
Xia GAO ; Yong-Feng LIU ; Jia-Lin ZHANG ;
Chinese Journal of Organ Transplantation 2003;0(06):-
Objective To study the risk factor of postoperative acute lung injury(ALI)after liver transplantation.Methods The clinical data of I00 patients with end-stage liver diseases who re- ceived liver transplantations were retrospectively reviewed.The risk factors of postoperative ALI after liver transplantation were analyzed by using single variance analysis and multiple variance regression analysis.Results Thirteen patients(13 %,13/11t0)altogether were diagnosed as ALI after liver transplantation.Binary logistic analysis revealed that massive transfusion during operation(more than 5000 ml)and severity of reperfusion injury(ALT above 600 U/L)were two independent risk factors of postoperative ALI following liver transplantation.Massive transfusion significantly increased the risk of ALI by 12.7 times,whereas the severe reperfusion significantly increased the risk of ALI by 7.0 times.Conclusions ALl is a serious multifactoral complication after liver transplantation with high mortality and fatality.Massive transfusion and the severe reperfusion injury are two independent risk factors with high morbidity and mortality.
9.Clinical significance of the expression levels of ERCC1, BRCA1 and TS in advanced colorectal cancer
Zhixiu XIA ; Changliang WANG ; Jinchun CONG ; Guohua ZHANG ; Yong FENG
Chinese Journal of Postgraduates of Medicine 2017;40(8):697-703
Objective To explore the relationship between the expression levels of excision repair cross complementation group 1(ERCC1), breast cancer susceptibility gene 1(BRCA1), thymidylate synthase (TS) mRNA and clinicopathological features, prognosis in advanced colorectal cancer, and the correlation between the expression levels of ERCC1 and BRCA1. Methods The expression levels of ERCC1, BRCA1 and TS mRNA of postoperative paraffin embedded tissue were tested by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in 49 advanced colorectal cancer cases. The results were analyzed by χ2 test of the correlation between the expression levels and clinicopathological characteristics. Patients were followed up by clinic or telephone. The prognosis was analyzed by small sample Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Log-rank time series analysis, and P<0.05 was statistically significant. Results The expression level of ERCC1 mRNA in patients with colorectal carcinoma had no obvious correlation with the clinical and pathological characteristics such as gender, age, tumor location, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, CEA and differentiation degree (P>0.05). The expression level of BRCA1 mRNA had no significant correlation with the above clinical and pathological features (P>0.05) except distant metastasis (P=0.030) and differentiation degree (P=0.002). The expression level of TS mRNA had no significant correlation with the above clinical and pathological features (P>0.05) except distant metastasis (P=0.003). The expression level of ERCC1 and BRCA1 mRNA obviously correlated (P=0.002). The 1 year overall survival rate was 95.92%(47/49);the 2 year overall survival rate was 83.67%(41/49);and the 3 year overall survival rate was 73.47%(36/49). Overall survival and progression-free survival time in ERCC1 mRNA low expression group (47.8, 41.0 months) was higher than that in ERCC1 mRNA low expression group (27.3, 20.0 months) respectively (P=0.001, P=0.001). Overall survival and progression-free survival time in BRCA1 mRNA low expression group (43.7, 42.7 months) was higher than that in BRCA1 mRNA high expression group (29.3, 25.1 months) respectively (P=0.009, 0.006). Overall survival time in TS mRNA low expression group (39.8 months) was higher than that in BRCA1 mRNA high expression group (25.2 months). Conclusions The expression level of ERCC1 mRNA is not correlated with its clinical and pathological characteristics, but with its biological characteristics. BRCA1 and TS levels are correlated with invasion and metastasis. Low levels of ERCC1 and BRCA1 expression have a better prognostic effect on platinum based first-line chemotherapy for advanced colorectal cancer, and they are correlated. Low level of TS also has longer disease-free survival. Three joint detection could be used as a prognostic factor for colorectal cancer chemotherapy.
10.Comparison of pencil beam convolution and anisotropic analytical algorithm for intensity-modulated radiotherapy planning of lung cancer
Yuhai ZHANG ; Yuemin LI ; Huosheng XIA ; Jie WANG ; Yong WU
Chinese Journal of Radiation Oncology 2013;(3):250-252
Objective To compare the dosimetric differences between pencil beam convolution (PBC) and anisotropic analytical algorithm (AAA) in Eclipse treatment planning system for intensitymodulated radiotherapy (IMRT) planning of lung cancer patients and dosimetric verification.Methods 10 IMRT plans of lung cancer patients were calculated using the PBC and AAA and the differences of dosimetric parameter were analyzed according to dose-volume histogram of planning target volume (PTV),lung and spinal cord.The verification measurements were performed on an inhomogeneous thorax phantom using a pinpoint ionization chamber.The agreement between calculated and measured doses was determined.The paired t test was used to compare the results.Results Compared with PBC,the AAA predicted higher maximum PTV dose (t =-4.03,P =0.010),lower minimum PTV dose (t =5.09,P =0.040),and a reduction of the volume of PTV covered by the prescribed dose.The AAA also predicted slightly increases than the PBC algorithm in the mean dose to the lung and the V20 as well as the maximum dose to the spinal cord,and the differences were statistically significant (t =-3.99,-2.79,-5.46,P =0.010,0.038,0.003).In the verification measurements,the agreement between the AAA and measurement was within 2%and superior to the PBC algorithm on isocenter (t =-3.82,P =0.012).Conclusions For IMRT treatment planning of lung cancer,the PBC algorithm overestimates the dose to the PTV and underestimates the dose to the lung and the spinal cord,so the AAA for treating planning in which the tissue inhomogeneous such as lung is present is recommended.