Objective To investigate the efficacy of electrochemotherapy with pingyangmycin (bleomycin A5) for the treatment of human prostate cell line PC 3M in vitro. Methods The prostate cancer cells were treated by pingyangmycin alone, electric pulse alone and by electrochemotherapy, i.e. electric pulses were delivered after pingyangmycin was given. Cytotoxicity was examined by MTT assay and histological examination. Results The maximum nontoxic dose for pingyangmycin was 0.1 ?g/ml; The maximum voltage not showing cytotoxicity was 125 V/mm.The 50% inhibitory concentration was 100 times reduced in electrochemotherapy than pingyangmycin alone. Conclusions The cytotoxicity of pingyangmycin can be enhanced by electric impulses. Pingyangmycin may be a novel drug for electrochemotherapy.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of compound probiotics on milk performance,blood biochemical indexes,rumen fermentation parameters and nutrient digestibility of Holstein dairy cows in middle-and-later lactation.Forty-eight dairy cows with similar milk yield,days in milk and age were randomly divided into 4 groups treated with four different levels of compound probiotics as follows:the control group (0 g/d),group 1 (10 g/d),group 2 (20 g/d) and group 3 (30 g/d).The adaptation period was 7 days,and the total experimental period was 60 days.Results showed that:compared with the control group,supplementation of compound probiotics could improve milk yield and significantly increase the concentration of milk protein,lactose and total solids (P＜0.05);there was no significant effect on blood biochemical indexes (P＞ 0.05);compound probiotics could significantly increase the content of ammonia and microbial protein content (MCP) in the rumen (P＜ 0.05);the apparent nutrient digestibility of crude protein and crude fat of group 2 was significantly higher than other groups (P＜0.05);compared with the control group,the economic benefits of group 1,2,3 increased 2.28,4.80 and 4.09 yuan/d,respectively.In summary,dietary supplementation with 20 g/d of compound probiotics was the most effective method for milk performance,rumen fermentation parameters,nutrients apparent digestibility and economic benefit of Holstein dairy cows.

Objective To develop the hypothesis ‘saturated or non-saturated cytotoxicity model' and explain the various phenomena of antibody mediated immunoresponses in recipients,including rejection and accommodation.Methods The imitating complement dependent cytotoxicity.The threshold set to identify as saturated or non-saturated cytotoxicity depends on antigen-antibody complex(R)whether or not above lethal number(D)in effective time.Feasibility of the hypothesis was examined through explaining various phenomena mediated by anti-donor antibodies,especially some contradictory phenomena.Results Hyperacute rejection,accelerated rejection and acute rejection could be well explained by saturated cytotoxicity.Accommodation of ABO imcompatible transplantion,de novo antibody induced injury,change of protein profile,and C4d deposition in graft could be well elucidated by the hypothesis.Conclusion The hypothesis saturated or nonsaturated cytotoxicity model' help to interpret and interconnect various phenomena of antibodies mediated immune response,such as rejection and accommodation.

Objective To investigate the expression of survivin in T lymphocytes that were stimulated by Con A and alloantigens in renal grafts in vitro and in vivo. Methods According to the different treatments, the experiment was divided into three parts. (1) The C57BL/6 mice splenocytes stimulated by Con A (10 mg/L) were cultured in the RPMI-1640 medium. Following the proliferation blockade or not, the expression of Survivin in the splenocytes was detected. (2) The GVHR model was established by transfusing the C57BL/6 mice splenocytes into Balb/c× C57BL/6 F1 mice, and the expression of Survivin in the donor splenocytes was detected at the different time points. (3) Seventythree cases of clinical renal allograft biopsy specimens were collected, pathologically diagnosed and classified according to the Banff 97 classification, and then the expression of Survivin was detected.Results Survivin was expressed in the CD3+ splenocytes that received Con A stimulation. The positive cell count reached the peak on the day 3, and subsequently declined. In the GVHR model, the lymphocytes infiltration and Survivin expression were detected around the portal vein and portal area on the post-splenocytes-transfused day (PSTD) 4 to 12. But on the PSTD 14, the Survivin expression could not be detected in the infiltrated lymphocytes. In the renal allograft biopsy specimens,lymphocytes did not express Survivin in 13 specimens of the group without acute cellular rejection.was difference between the two groups (P＜0. 01 ). Conclusion The activated T cells possess the capacity to express Survivin, and the expression is time-dependent. For the characteristics of Survivin expression of T cells, it may be applied as an approach to diagnose the acute cellular rejection and judge its degree and stage in the clinical allograft biopsy specimens.

Anemarrhena asphodeloides processed by salt and raw product was compared including both chemical composition and laxative function in order to find the possible active substance to cure constipation. Processed and raw Anemarrhenae laxative effect on experimental constipation models was observed as well as chemical composition using UPLC-MS technology and the total sugar content was determined by phenol sulfuric acid method. Processed Anemarrhenae water extract improved excrement more than raw which has significant difference compared with the blank group (P < 0.05). On the other hand, the total ion flow spectrum showed no significant difference in most substance, but the total sugar content was significantly higher than raw product. Anemarrhenae ancient be recognized benefitting for draining body water in traditional Chinese medicine which has been lost in modern books because it is manifested as excellent laxative effect not diuretic effect. Saccharides carbohydrate may have closely relationship with this magically effect.
Anemarrhena ; chemistry ; Animals ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; Constipation ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Defecation ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Humans ; Laxatives ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Male ; Rats, Wistar ; Rhizome ; chemistry

Objective To investigate the renal function changes of the children with breast milk jaundice(BMJ) and effect of early interference treatment on renal function. Methods Serum bilirubin and urine - minim protein (?2-MG,?1-MG, Alb and IgG) of the 50 patients with BMJ were measured when they were in hospital within 12 hours and the last day separately , at the same time, 20 healthy newborns had been chosen to serve as control group. Results Compared with control group, the urine minim protein of treatment group increased with the rise of serum bilirubin. When serum bilirubin was 205.2 - 256.5 ?mol/L, urine ?2- MG had mild increasing (P

Objective To propose a new suggestion for the clinical downstaging of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in the era of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) without changing the current T,N,and M staging system.Methods We reviewed the records of 536 NPC patients treated in Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center from January 2002 to December 2006.The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate the disease-specific survival (DSS) rate,and the log-rank test was used for survival difference analysis.The Cox regression model was used to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) of each subset.ResultsAccording to the 7th edition of UICC/AJCC staging system,the 5-year DSS rates of stage Ⅰ-Ⅲ patients (except T3N2M0) were all more than 85%(P>0.05),those of stage ⅣA and ⅣB patients were 71.8% and 46.2%,respectively (P=0.171),and that of stage ⅠVC patients was only 24.0%.In stage Ⅲ,the 5-year DSS rate of non-T3N2M0 patients (91.5%) was significantly higher than that of T3N2M0 patients (78.6%)(P=0.042),but there was no significant difference in DSS between T3N2M0 patients and stage ⅣA and ⅣB patients.Based on the above results,new stage Ⅰ included T1-3N0-1M0 and T1-2N2M0,new stage Ⅱ included T3N2M0,T4N0-2M0,and TxN3M0,and new stage Ⅲ included TxNxM1.The 5-year DSS rates of new stage Ⅰ,Ⅱ,and Ⅲ patients were 93.3%,72.7%,and 24.0%,respectively (P=0.000).Compared with new stage Ⅰ patients,new stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ patients had HRs of 4.01 and 16.76,respectively,for 5-year DSS.Conclusions In the era of IMRT,the new clinical staging system (stages Ⅰ,Ⅱ,and Ⅲ) helps with prognostic evaluation and clinical treatment.

Objective To analyze the difference in computed tomography (CT) imaging findings between pulmonary alveolar pneumoconiosis Methods proteinosis (PAP) and occupational pneumoconiosis (hereinafter referred to as ). A total of 44 patients with PAP (PAP group) and 44 patients with pneumoconiosis (pneumoconiosis group) were selected as study subjects using Results convenient sampling method. The CT images of these two groups were comparatively analyzed. The detection rates of - - pulmonary CT pattern changes such as map like performance, ground glass opacity, paving stone sign and sphenoid wing like vs vs changes of pulmonary hilum in the PAP group were higher than those in the pneumoconiosis group (77.3% 0.0%, 75.0% vs vs P 2.3%, 56.8% 0.0%, 18.2% 0.0%, all <0.01); the detection rates of lymphadenopathy and calcification of pulmonary hilum, small pulmonary nodules, emphysema and interlobular septal thickening were lower in the PAP group than those in the vs vs vs vs P Conclusion pneumoconiosis group (34.1% 100.0%, 4.5% 100.0%, 2.3% 45.4%, 0.0% 22.7%, all <0.01). Paving - stone sign and map like performance were most commonly found in the CT imaging of patients with PAP, and it is uncommon in pneumoconiosis. These changes could be used as the CT differential diagnosis of the two diseases.

Objective To analyze the difference in computed tomography (CT) imaging findings between pulmonary alveolar pneumoconiosis Methods proteinosis (PAP) and occupational pneumoconiosis (hereinafter referred to as ). A total of 44 patients with PAP (PAP group) and 44 patients with pneumoconiosis (pneumoconiosis group) were selected as study subjects using Results convenient sampling method. The CT images of these two groups were comparatively analyzed. The detection rates of - - pulmonary CT pattern changes such as map like performance, ground glass opacity, paving stone sign and sphenoid wing like vs vs changes of pulmonary hilum in the PAP group were higher than those in the pneumoconiosis group (77.3% 0.0%, 75.0% vs vs P 2.3%, 56.8% 0.0%, 18.2% 0.0%, all <0.01); the detection rates of lymphadenopathy and calcification of pulmonary hilum, small pulmonary nodules, emphysema and interlobular septal thickening were lower in the PAP group than those in the vs vs vs vs P Conclusion pneumoconiosis group (34.1% 100.0%, 4.5% 100.0%, 2.3% 45.4%, 0.0% 22.7%, all <0.01). Paving - stone sign and map like performance were most commonly found in the CT imaging of patients with PAP, and it is uncommon in pneumoconiosis. These changes could be used as the CT differential diagnosis of the two diseases.

Objective To analyze the difference in computed tomography (CT) imaging findings between pulmonary alveolar pneumoconiosis Methods proteinosis (PAP) and occupational pneumoconiosis (hereinafter referred to as ). A total of 44 patients with PAP (PAP group) and 44 patients with pneumoconiosis (pneumoconiosis group) were selected as study subjects using Results convenient sampling method. The CT images of these two groups were comparatively analyzed. The detection rates of - - pulmonary CT pattern changes such as map like performance, ground glass opacity, paving stone sign and sphenoid wing like vs vs changes of pulmonary hilum in the PAP group were higher than those in the pneumoconiosis group (77.3% 0.0%, 75.0% vs vs P 2.3%, 56.8% 0.0%, 18.2% 0.0%, all <0.01); the detection rates of lymphadenopathy and calcification of pulmonary hilum, small pulmonary nodules, emphysema and interlobular septal thickening were lower in the PAP group than those in the vs vs vs vs P Conclusion pneumoconiosis group (34.1% 100.0%, 4.5% 100.0%, 2.3% 45.4%, 0.0% 22.7%, all <0.01). Paving - stone sign and map like performance were most commonly found in the CT imaging of patients with PAP, and it is uncommon in pneumoconiosis. These changes could be used as the CT differential diagnosis of the two diseases.