The effects of several factors on the chlamydospores production of Trichoderma aureoviride T-33 during the fermentation were researched.Based on the results above, the orthogonal test was made to screen out the best prescription.The results showed that, the best single-factor conditions for the chlamydospores production of T.aureoviride T-33 were, liquid culture of oat powder, 30℃, pH4.0, 120r/min, 24 hours oscillate incubating as well as liquid culture volume of 80mL/bottle when the 250mL size triangle bottle was used.The result of orthogonal test showed that, the best prescription for temperature, pH and oscillating speed was 30℃, pH4.0 and 140r/min.3.37?10~ 7 spore/mL chlamydospores were obtained at this combined condition.

AIM:To discuss Daidzein intravitreal injection whether has protective and recovery effects on acute nerve damages.
METHODS:After the crush models of acute optic nerve were set up, 72 males SD rats were divided into 4 groups randomly as common group without surgery, FBS negative control group, Daidzein treatment group ( 10μmol/L, 100μmol/L, 1000μmol/L ) and positive control group using rats nerve growth factor ( mNGF, 100ng/mL ). Three days after interference, all experimental animals were executed. HE staining was used to evaluate morphologic change of the retina, immunohisochemical staining and western-blot tests for identifying and quantifying the distinct expression of Caspase-3 and GAP-43 among the groups.
RESULTS: Compared with the normal group and negative control group, retinal morphology of different concentrations of each Daidzein treatment group and positive control group was more complete, the expression of Caspase-3 protein was relatively lower, the expression of GAP-43 protein was relatively higher, the differences have statistically significance (P<0. 05).CONCLUSION: Daizein injection in the vitreous cavity has the capacity of protection and restoration in rat's acute nerve damages.

Objective To investigate the meaning of expression of apoptosis related molecules NFKBp65 and p53 and GPX1-mRNA in patients with Keshan disease(KSD).Methods Sixteen chronic Keshan Disease patients were enrolled in KSD group according to electrocardiogram,chest X ray film and clinical examinations on 15,September in 2009,and 23 healthy people were included in control group from physical examination taken in The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University.Fresh blood(5 ml)was collected from antecubital vein of all subjects in the fasting state.Total mRNA and protein of blood sample were isolated using Trizol.GPX Assay Kit was used to detect GPX enzyme activity,and GPX1-mRNA expression was determined by SYBR Real-Time PCR.Meanwhile,expression of apoptosis related molecules NFKBp65 and p53 were determined by Western blot.Results GPX enzyme activity decreased significantly in KSD group[(108.61±14.10)U]compared with control group[(122.78±11.89)U,t=2.874,P<0.05],GPX1-mRNA level of KSD group(0.553±0.299)notably KSD group(0.802±0.057)compared with control group[(1.065±0.355),t=6.829,P<0.01].p53 increased in KSD group(1.604±0.191)compared with control group[(1.137±0.186),t=3.033,P<0.05].Conclusiom Decreased GPX1-mRNA expression may result in lower GPX enzyme activity of patients with KSD.Thus oxidative damage increases and cadioeyte apoptosis is activated by activating apoptosis signal pathway.

Objective To develop Prospective Memory Test and explore its reliability and validity in normal and schizophrenic population. Methods According to the structure of prospective memory, Prospective Memory Test was developed based on the previous researches. 40 inpatients with schizophrenia and 30 healthy subjects were assessed with Prospective Memory Test and Wechsler Memory Scale-Fourth Edition, Chinese (WMS-Ⅳ). Results Factor analysis extracted 2 main factors, named time-based prospective memory (TBPM) and event-based prospective memory (EBPM), including 10 items. The average score of Prospective Memory Test was lower in the patients than in the healthy controls by 1~2 standard deviations (P<0.001). Discriminant analysis showed that the specificity, sensitivity, and diagnostic consistency were 93.3%, 72.5% and 81.4%, respectively. Prospective Memory Test scores and two subtest scores positively correlated with total score of WMS-Ⅳ (r=0.44~0.53, P<0.001). The Cronbach's α among all the items was 0.76, and was 0.68 in the TBPM and 0.59 in the EBPM. Split-half reliability of the scale was 0.65 (P<0.001). Conclusion The reliability and validity of Prospective Memory Test are acceptable for schizophrenics.

Fibrosis ; Hematoma, Subdural ; Humans ; Osteogenesis ; Subdural Space ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Risk assessment is critical to responses to public health emergencies .Practices and researches concerning risk assessment of public health emergencies in China′s military are still in the early stage .This paper summarizes the rele-vant concepts , categorization , assessment methods , and practices .Based on management requirements of risk assessment , suggestions are raised about how to strengthen the risk assessment capability of Armed Forces by formulating management rules, perfecting assessment methods and developing assessment tools .

Objective To investigate the adverse effect of different doses of high power microwave(HPM) irradiation on oxidative stress in the brain of Wistar rats in order to contribute to establishing an animal model to evaluate protective agents which will be used for protection against microwave radiation.Methods Eighty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 16 groups according to factor analysis.The average power density was 0,10,30 and 100 mW/cm2 and the sampling time was 6 h,1,3 and 7 d .The duration of exposure was 6 minutes for each radiation group.After exposure, the rats were sacrificed at each sampling time.Colorimetric method was used to measure the content of malondialdehyde(MDA) and protein carbonyl, the activity of GSH-px, SOD and CAT.Results The content of MDA and protein carbonyl of each radiation group was increased with the radiation dose, but decreased with the sampling time prolonged.The activity of superoxide dismutast(SOD),glutathion peroxidase(GSH-px) and catalase(CAT) in each radiation group was decreased with the radiation dose increased, and with the sampling time prolonged, but increased later.Conclusion Microwave radiation can cause oxidative stress in rats brain, as shown by the oxidative damage of lipid and protein and the decrease in the activity of antioxidant enzymes.Besides, the effect also depends on the radiation dose and sampling time.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVERecent studies proved that P21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1) is highly expressed in many kinds of tumor and plays an important role in genesis, development, and metastasis of tumor. We aimed to detect the expression of PAK1 in gastric carcinoma and to analyze its relationship with clinicopathological features and prognosis of gastric carcinoma.

METHODSTissue microarray and immunohistochemical staining were performed to detect PAK1 in paraffin specimens of 189 gastric carcinomas, 54 paracancer tissues, 40 lymph nodes and 30 healthy tissues. Clinicopathologic features and follow-up data of the patients were analyzed by the Chi2 test and the Kaplan-Meier method.

RESULTSPositive rate of PAK1 was 73.0% in gastric carcinoma, 57.4% in paracancer tissues and 23.3% in healthy controls (Chi2 = 29.364, P < 0.05). Expression of PAK1 was significantly correlated with tumor size, tumor differentiation, lymph node metastasis, Lauren classification and invasive depth (all P < 0.05). The positive rate of PAK1 was significantly higher in primary gastric carcinomas than in metastatic lymph nodes (75.0% vs. 52.5%, Chi2 = 4.381, P < 0.05). Survival analysis using the Kaplan-Meier method showed that the expression of PAK1 was a predictor for poor prognosis of the patients with gastric carcinoma (Chi2 = 6.857, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSExpression of PAK1 is an early molecular event in the tumorigenesis of gastric carcinoma. It is also closely correlated the development of gastric carcinoma and the patients' prognosis.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prognosis ; Risk Factors ; Stomach Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Survival Rate ; Tumor Burden ; p21-Activated Kinases ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo find a good way to diagnose VD, value the effect of Yishen Yangnao capsule on VD and try to find some rules of changes in Chinese medicine syndromes.

METHODPatients were randomly divided into treating group and western medicine comparison group. It's the phase III clinical research of Rishen Yangnao capsule curing VD, judging the validity and security of it, using dukexi slice as comparison drug. Some of the patients did the examination of P300.

RESULTThe total validity of Yishen Yangnao capsule is 56.3% (contract team is 60.0%). The improve rate of ADL is 0.1069% (contract team is 0.1134%). The scores of Chinese medicine syndrome descend.

CONCLUSIONYishen Yangnao capsule has the same effect as dukexi slice in curing VD at the side of intelligence situation and life ability.

Activities of Daily Living ; Aged ; Almitrine ; therapeutic use ; Capsules ; Dementia, Vascular ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; therapeutic use ; Event-Related Potentials, P300 ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Neuroprotective Agents ; isolation & purification ; therapeutic use ; Phytotherapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Yohimbine ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVETo investigate the infection rate and subtypes of human papilloma virus(HPV) in patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and analyze the clinicopathologic features of patients with or without HPV infection.

METHODSA total of 66 biopsy or surgical specimens of OSCC archived in the Pathology Department of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the generic amplification products were detected by DNA enzyme immunoassay (DEIA) and typed by reverse hybridization line probe assay.

RESULTSHPV-DNA was detected in 11 (16.7%) of all specimens. Among them, 7 were infected with HPV-16,and the remaining 4 patients were infected with HPV-16/11, HPV-35, HPV-58/52, and HPV-33/52/54, respectively. HPV-16 was detected in 72.7% of all positive specimens. There were more females in HPV-positive group than HPV-negative group (36.4% vs. 1.8%,P=0.002). Patients with HPV-positive tumors were more likely to be non-smokers (36.4% vs. 0,p=0.001) and non-drinkers (45.5% vs. 1.8%,p=0.001) than those with HPV-negative tumors. The proportion of moderately or poorly differentiated tumors was higher in HPV-positive patients than HPV-negative patients (81.8% vs. 63.7%), although without statistical significance (p=0.409). No difference was observed in T classification, N classification, and overall tumor stage.

CONCLUSIONSHPV infection rate was 16.7% in this cohort. HPV-positive OSCC has its unique etiologic and clinicopathological characteristics.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; virology ; DNA, Viral ; isolation & purification ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Oropharyngeal Neoplasms ; virology ; Papillomaviridae ; classification ; isolation & purification ; Papillomavirus Infections ; virology