Oncogene and antioncogene play contrary effects on the cell growth and proliferation controlling process, and cancer occurs when the presence of imbalance expression between them. That means there is yin-yang relationship between oncogene (yang) and antioncogene (yin), and also inside both of them. Taking the oncogene myc and antioncogene p53 for example, the yin gene p53 acts, in the yin side, to promote cell apoptosis and inhibit cell growth, while in the yang side, it facilitates for repairing the injured DNA to keep cell survival; the yang gene myc, promoting cell growth and proliferation in the yang side and inducing cell apoptosis in the yin side. To elucidate the yin-yang reactions between oncogene and antioncogene would be of important significance in the all-round and profound research of cancer.
Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Neoplasms ; genetics ; Oncogenes ; genetics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc ; metabolism ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; metabolism ; Yin-Yang

Adult ; Biopsy ; DNA ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Glomerulonephritis, IGA ; genetics ; pathology ; Humans ; Kidney ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

Objective To develop the hypothesis ‘saturated or non-saturated cytotoxicity model' and explain the various phenomena of antibody mediated immunoresponses in recipients,including rejection and accommodation.Methods The imitating complement dependent cytotoxicity.The threshold set to identify as saturated or non-saturated cytotoxicity depends on antigen-antibody complex(R)whether or not above lethal number(D)in effective time.Feasibility of the hypothesis was examined through explaining various phenomena mediated by anti-donor antibodies,especially some contradictory phenomena.Results Hyperacute rejection,accelerated rejection and acute rejection could be well explained by saturated cytotoxicity.Accommodation of ABO imcompatible transplantion,de novo antibody induced injury,change of protein profile,and C4d deposition in graft could be well elucidated by the hypothesis.Conclusion The hypothesis saturated or nonsaturated cytotoxicity model' help to interpret and interconnect various phenomena of antibodies mediated immune response,such as rejection and accommodation.

Aim To investigate the effects of perindopril, an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, on mean pulmonary arterial pressure(mPAP) and pulmonary vascular remodeling.Methods Using the normobaric hypoxia-hypercapnia rat model,the changes of plasma angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ), mPAP and ultrastructure of pulmonary arteriolar wall were observed after administration of perindopril.Results The mPAP and AngⅡ were significantly greater and the ultrastructure of the small lung vessels had a more obvious change in the 4 weeks hypoxia-hypercapnia group than those in the control group.It was also found that perindopril decreased AngⅡ, declined mPAP and ameliorated vascular ultrastructure change.But the change of ultrastructure was similar in the 8 weeks hypoxia-hypercapnia group and perindopril treatment group.Conclusion It is suggested that chronic hypoxia-hypercapnia should induce the remodeling of pulmonary arteriolar structure via AngⅡ and that perindopril could ease pulmonary vascular remodeling in early stage.

Cell Proliferation ; Colony-Forming Units Assay ; Glioma ; pathology ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; pathology ; Humans ; Stem Cells ; cytology ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo summarize the experience in the treatment of severe pressure sore.

METHODSFrom Aug. 2007 to Jun. 2011, 21 cases of severe pressure sore with 43 III-IV degree lesions were treated with combination treatment, including vacuum sealing drainage technique, local fascia flaps, upper or lower gluteus maximus island myocutaneous flaps, lower gluteus maximus myocutaneous flap, neurocutaneous femoris posterior flaps, tensor fascia lata island myocutaneous flaps, free latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flaps, and skin graft, combined with stryker frame and nursing tracking guidance. 13 of 21 cases had multiple pressure sore. Among them, 5 III degree pressure sores were covered by skin grafting and 3 non-caudal III degree pressure sores (< 2 cm in width) were directly closed after debridement. 8 of 21 cases had single IV degree pressure sore.

RESULTSAll the 43 wounds healed completely. 5 wounds in 3 cases had effusion under flap which healed after re-drainage. The wounds were not healed in 3 cases with flap transposition which were also healed after re-debridement. All the flaps survived completely. 16 cases were followed up for 2-26 months. Recurrence happened in 4 cases after discharge because of not following the required nursing care.

CONCLUSIONSComprehensive application of vacuum sealing drainage technique, multiple myocutaneous flaps and skin grafting, combined with stryker frame and nursing tracking guidance after discharge can be used for the treatment of severe pressure sore with satisfactory results.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Debridement ; Drainage ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pressure Ulcer ; surgery ; therapy ; Skin Transplantation ; Surgical Flaps ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical application of reversed small saphenous vein-sural neurovascular island flap for reconstruction of soft tissue defect on foot and ankle in children.

METHODSFrom July 2006 to June 2008, 8 children with soft tissue defects on foot, heel or ankle were treated with reversed small saphenous vein-sural neurovascular island flaps. The size of flaps ranged from 6 cm x 5 cm to 9 cm x 7 cm. The upper margin of the flaps reached the upper third of cruris, with 1 case reaching the transverse line of popliteal fossa.

RESULTSAll the flaps survived. The patients were followed up for 1 - 17 months with good aesthetic and functional results. The growth of the two legs had no difference. The sensation of the flaps improved with no heel ulcer and no dysfunction at the donor site. The upper boundary of flaps can reach the upper third of the cruris even the reansverse line of popliteal fossa. The rotation point of the flaps located at 4 - 6 cm above the lateral ankle in children.

CONCLUSIONSThe reversed small saphenous vein-sural neurovascular island flap in children has a reliable survival area. The operation is easily performed without any obvious influence on the growth of the operated cruris. It is a good reconstructive method for soft tissue defect in foot and ankle.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Foot Injuries ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Skin Transplantation ; Soft Tissue Injuries ; surgery ; Surgical Flaps ; blood supply ; innervation

·AlM: To investigate pathogeny and effects of surgery on paralytic strabismus.
· METHODS: A retrospective study was done in 46 patients with paralytic strabismus who underwent squint correction in our hospital from June 2010 to June 2013. Among 26 horizontal strabismus, the cases of extra rectus palsy was 16, internal rectus palsy was 10.Among all20 vertical strabismus, the cases of superior oblique palsy, superior rectus palsy, inferior rectus palsy, double elevator palsy counted for 7, 8, 2 and 3, respectively. Pathogenesis: trauma was 19 cases, followed by 10 cases that the causes could not be identified.Nine was congen ital paralytic strabismus, 8 o ccurred after nose or brain surgery. The surgery methods included rectus muscle recession, rectus muscle resection, partial rectus muscle transposition, Jensen procedure, inferior oblique myectomy and anterior transposition of inferior oblique. Statistical software SPSS10.0 was used in chi-square test between two groups, while the situation of paralysis eye movements improved by two methods in the horizontal strabismus group was compared with t test.
· RESULTS: Among all horizontal strabismus the rate of cure, improvement and inefficiency was 20 ( 77%) , 5 ( 19%) and 1 ( 4%) , respectively. Among vertical strabismus the ratio of cure, improvement and inefficiency was 15 (75%), 3 (15%) and 2 (10%).There was no significantly difference between the two groups ( P >0.05 ). The movements of paralytic eyes were improved. Two procedures used in horizontal strabismus, can improve paralysis eye movements were 3.76 ±0.91, 3.72 ±0.84mm, with no significant difference (P=0.93) statistically.
· CONCLUSlON: Paralytic strabismus in adults had complicated conditions. Choosing different operation methods in treating paralytic strabismus according to the degree of paralysis can result in satisfactory cosmetically alignment of the eyes and modify head position and diplopia.

Objective To explore the relationship between the inflammatory reaction and insulin function in children with critically ill.Me-thods Ninty-six children with critical disease in Oct.2003 to Oct.2006 were enrolled in the study.Blood sugar,plasma insulin,C-peptide,tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-?,C reactive protein(CRP)were measured in the peak period and convalescence.Results Blood sugar and plasma levels of insulin,C-peptide,TNF-?,CRP were significantly higher in the peak period than those in the convalescence(Pa

Aortic valve calcification (AVC) is a pathological process correlated with multiple disease causes and actively regulated by cardiac valve cells. In this study, porcine aortic valve myofibroblasts cultured in vitro were treated with 50 μg z L(-1) of pathological factor tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). Tanshinone II A (TSN) with the concentration of 50 mg x L(-1) and TNF-α were combined in incubating cells for 72 h (3 d) and 120 h (5 d). The Western blotting and Real-time PCR were adopted to detect the changes in smooth muscle α actin (α-SMA), bone morphogenetic protein 2 ( BMP2), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in cells, and expressions of key effect proteins GSK-3β and β-catenin on Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway. According to the findings, TNF-α can significantly increase the expression of myofibroblasts α-SMA and add the transformation activity to them, with nearly no expression of BMP2, ALP and mRNA in the control group and the TSN group but significant increase in their expressions in the TNF-α group (P < 0.01), which showed osteoblast-like phenotype. Moreover, TNF-α down-regulated the expression of up-streaming regulator GSK-3β and mRNA expression (P < 0. 01) , notably increased the expression of key effect protein β-catenin, but with no significant difference in mRNA with the control group and the TSN group. The result demonstrated that TSN showed a certain inhibitory effect on TNF-α's pathological impact (P < 0.05) in a time-dependent manner. Inflammatory factor TNF-α may promote the transformation of aortic valvular myofibroblasts to osteoblast-like phenotype by activating Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway in aortic valvular myofibroblasts, so as to cause AVC. Tanshinone II A can have a preventive effect in AVC by activating GSK-3β proteins and regulating signal transduction of Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway.
Animals ; Aortic Valve ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Diterpenes, Abietane ; pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta ; Myofibroblasts ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Osteoblasts ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Swine ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; genetics ; metabolism ; beta Catenin ; genetics ; metabolism