Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Immune Tolerance ; drug effects ; Materia Medica ; therapeutic use ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications ; drug therapy

Stone retropulsion during ureteroscopic lithotripsy is a common troublesome problem for most urologists. Stone retropulsion can result in increase in health care cost and increased operative time. With the popularisation of ureteros?copy, additional procedures to treat residual migrated fragments has drawn more and more attention and research. In recent years, many equipment, devices and techniques are designed to resolve this big puzzle. We reviewed the literatures to sum?mary the strategy for preventing stone retropulsion during ureteroscopic lithotripsy.

Objective To investigate the new method of ureter bladder anastomosis in renal transplantation.Methods The ureter was pulled into bladder for 1.2 cm through tunnel at the lateral- top of bladder wall,and the ureter fixed on the bladder wall by 2-3 acus with catgut suture.Results Forty of 42 patients had no complications,and recovered very well,except for 1 cases of necrosis caused by acute rejection and 1 case on urine leakage caused by catheter obstruction from blood clot.Conclu- sion This method is simple,easy to operate,safe and reliable with less complications.

Adolescent ; Child ; Humans ; Male ; Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive, Peripheral ; pathology ; Sarcoma, Ewing ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the impacts of biological factors (age and sex) and family factors (socioeconomic status and parenting style) on the early lexical and intellectual development of children in a longitudinal tracking study.

METHODSA total of 38 Mandarin-speaking children aged from 18 to 24 months were surveyed using the Putonghua Chinese Communicative Development Inventory (PCDI), the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ), and a self-designed Questionnaire for Parents. All of the subjects were retested using PCDI and ASQ after 6 months.

RESULTSBiological factors accounted for 65% of the variance in lexical development, 10% of which was attributed to gender, in the first survey. After six months, the contribution of age decreased to 26% and gender had no significant impact. Lexical development could positively predict the intellectual development of children. When age and gender were controlled, it accounted for 22% of the variance in intellectual development. Family socioeconomic factors had no significant impacts on lexical and intellectual development. Children's recognition of people and objects around them with guidance of parents in parenting styles could positively predict the intellectual development of children six months later, which accounted for 10% of the variance.

CONCLUSIONSBiological factors play an important role in the early lexical development of children. However, the influence decreases with the increase of age (months). Biological factors, lexical development, and parenting style have a combined influence on children's intellectual development.

Child Development ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Intelligence ; Language ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Parents ; Social Class

Guided by the antioxidant activity, the EtOAc-soluble and n-butanol-soluble fractions of the 50% methanol extract of Lonicera japonica leaves were isolated and purified by various chromatorgraphic methods, and the structures were identified by spectral analysis and comparison to the data reported in literature. As a result, nine compounds were obtained and identified as 5-O-caffeoylquinicacid (1), chlorogenicacid (2), 4-O-caffeoylquinicacid (3), luteolin-7-O-[α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1 --> 6)] -β-D-glucopyranoside (4), luteoloside (5), 3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (6), 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (7), 4, 5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (8) and luteolin (9). The antioxidant activity of the nine compounds were determined by using DPPH free radical scavenging method, and ascorbic acid was used as a positive control. Their antioxidant activities from high to low were 5 > 9 > 2 > 8 > 7 > 6 > 1 > 3 > 4. Among them, luteoloside (5) had the strongest antioxidant activity with an IC50 of 0.018 18 g x L(-1), and luteolin (IC50 0.023 6 g x L(-1)) and chlorogenicacid (IC50 0.035 17 g x L(-1)) ranks No. 2 and 3. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of luteoloside and luteolin were stronger than that of ascorbic acid (IC50 0.027 54 g x L(-1)). These results gave a basis for the further study and utilization of L. japonica leaves.
Antioxidants ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Lonicera ; chemistry ; Mass Spectrometry ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo analyze the effect of Chinese herbs used by Prof. LI Tao on peripheral blood T subsets in treating multiple sclerosis (MS) by using association rules and statistical methods, thereby providing evidence for optimizing prescriptions.

METHODSData of MS inpatients and outpatients recorded by data collecting system, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences were resorted. The relationship between Chinese herbs and T cell subsets were analyzed using SPSS17.0 and Aprior module in SPSS Clementine 12.0.

RESULTSRadix bupleuri, Radix Paeoniae alba, Fructus Aurantii, Atractylodes, and Radix Glycyrrhizae were most commonly used herbal combinations.Radix Aconiti lateralis preparata and Rhizoma Smilacis glabrae were often added. Radix Aconiti lateralis preparata was associated with decreased Th1 cells (confidence level 83.78%, supportive level 36.26%). Decreased Th1 cell was associated with Radix Aconiti lateralis preparata (confidence level 71.26%, supportive level 36.26%).Radix Aconiti lateralis preparata was obviously associated with decreased Th1 cells. Radix Bupleuri, Radix Paeoniae alba, bitter orange, Atractylodes , Radix glycyrrhizae, and Radix Aconiti lateralis preparata could reduce peripheral blood Th1 subsets of MS patients and elevate Th2 subsets (all P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSThe herbal combination of Radix Bupleuri, Radix Paeoniae alba, Fructus Aurantii, Atractylodes, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Rhizoma Smilacis glabrae, and Radix Aconiti lateralis preparata could lower peripheral blood Th1 cells and elevate Th2 cells, and prevent the relapse of MS possibly by reducing Th1 cells and elevating Th2 cells. Especially Radix Aconiti lateralis preparata played important roles in aforesaid changes of Th1 and Th2.

Aconitum ; chemistry ; Atractylodes ; chemistry ; Bupleurum ; chemistry ; China ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Fruit ; chemistry ; Glycyrrhiza ; chemistry ; Humans ; Multiple Sclerosis ; therapy ; Paeonia ; chemistry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Smilacaceae ; chemistry ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; drug effects

Objective:To study the efficacy of stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) combined with gemcitabine plus cisplatin (GP)-based chemotherapy on local recurrent non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after radiotherapy. Methods:Thirty-eight patients with local recurrent NSCLC were treated with SRT(3.00-4.85 Gy per fraction, five times every week, totally 8-12 fractions, total course of 2-3 weeks). Before SRT the patients were given two cycles of GP-based chemotherapy (gemcitabine 1 000 mg/m~2 d 1 and d 8;cisplatin 30 mg/m~2 d 1-3) and at the end of SRT they were given 4 cycles of GP-based chemotherapy. Results:Of the 38 patients,7 patients had complete response, and 23 patients achieved partial response. The overall immediate response rate was 78.95% (30/38). The 6-month and 12-month total survival rates were 71.05% and 10.53%,respectively. The median survival time was 7.8 months. Conclusion:SRT combined with GP-based chemotherapy had better short-term efficacy and the patients were tolerable. No severe short-term radiation-induced injury was observed. The long-term radiation-induced injury and long-term efficacy need further investigation.

Objective To explore the expression characteristics of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor (VEGFR).Methods The 123I-VEGF165 and 123I-VEGF121 were marked to human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC),several human tumor cell lines (HMC-1,A431,KU812,U937,HEP-1,HEP-G2,HEP-3B and Raji),a variety of human tumors and adjacent non-neoplastic tissues as well as peripheral blood cells.Then,the specific binding site maximal binding capacity (Bmax),dissociation constant (Kd) and concentration of 50％ required specific binding (IC5o) were analyzed.The affinity,quantity and specificity of different cells combined with 123I-VEGF165 and 123I-VEGF121 were judged.Results Two kinds of analogous 123I-VEGF165 binding sites on the surface of HUVEC were found.While,there was only one kind of 123I-VEGF121binding site.123I-VEGF121 was found on the special cell lines (HUVEC,HEP-1 and HMC-1) and special early tumors (early melanoma,ductal breast cancer,ovarian cancer and meningioma).Compared with peripheral blood cells and adjacent non-neoplastic tissues,the number of VEGFR of tumor cells was bigger.Among the 123I-VEGF165 marked VEGFR,the Bmax value of early melanoma,ductal breast cancer,hepatocellular carcinoma,papillary thyroid carcinoma,ovarian carcinoma,renal cell carcinoma were 45 ± 13,13 ± 3,25 ±8,5 ±2,42 ± 12,20 ±6,respectively.While among the 123I-VEGF121 marked VEGFR,the Bmax value of early melanoma,ductal breast cancer,ovarian carcinoma were 30 ± 8,8 ± 3,20 ± 6.123I-VEGF165 and 123I-VEGF121 had specific binding capacity with a variety of human tumor cells and tissues.Compared with 123I-VEGF121,there were more different kinds of tumor cells could be bound to 123I-VEGF165 with higher capacity.Conclusion 123I-VEGF165 may be a potential target of tumor imaging in vivo,and it is expected to be used to diagnose and treat tumors.

Objective To investigate the role of NF-κB activation in the inflammatory mechanism of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods Monocyte were collected from patients with COPD and were cultured,and stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) ; NF-κB p65 activation was measured by immunohistochemistry; SOD ,MDA and IL-8 and lung function were determined synchronously.Results The NF-κB p65 was induced by LPS in monocyte in all subjects, but it was most markedly done in COPD patients with exacerbateions; There was positive correlation between the NF-κB p65 activation of monocytes and levels of IL-8 and MDA in circulation, but it was negative correlation to SOD.Conclusion NF-κB plays a vital role in regulating product of IL-8 in monocyte in COPD.