Curcumae Longae Rhizoma (CLR) is a commonly used drug in clinic, it is widely used as an important drug of activating blood and Qi in ancient prescription. But the records of the original plant of CLR are not consistent in modern literature: Wenyujin Concisa Rhizoma (WCR) was recorded as the main plants of CLR originally, and then it was excluded. The historical evolution of WCR used as medicine and the similarities and differences among WCR, CLR, and Curcuma Rhizoma (CR) in efficacy were tracked down through the records in ancient and modern literatures. It showed that from the materia medica in Tang and Song Dynasty, WCR was recorded as one of the original plants of CLR which was continually used until the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China. In modern literature, WCR was also firstly recorded as one of the original plants of CLR. The longitudinal section of WCR was different from CR in efficacy, but identical with CLR exactly. So that, the means of classifying WCR as a part of the original plant of CLR not only conform to the ancient and modern literatures, but also in accordance with the rules of drug efficacy and the actual clinical application. So this method is beneficial to clinical application of ancient prescriptions.

Objective To observe the effect of electroacupuncture on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) mRNA and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) protein in brain tissue of rats with focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion.Methods The focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion model was established with filament occlusion. 90 rats were randomly divided into control group (n=6), model group (n=42) and electroacupuncture group (n=42). They were observed 2 h, 12 h, 24 h, 3 d, 7 d, 14 d, 21 d after ischemia/reperfusion, 6 rats in each points. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of VEGFR-2 mRNA. Immunohistology method was used to detect the expression of BDNF protein. Results The expression of VEGFR-2 mRNA was higher in the electroacupuncture group than in the model group 12 h, 24 h, 3 d after reperfusion (P<0.05). The expression of BDNF protein in the hippocampus increased 2 h (P<0.05), reached peak 24 h (P<0.01) and still higher 3 d (P<0.05) in the electroacupuncture group than in the model group after reperfusion. Conclusion Electroacupuncture can upregulate the expression of VEGFR-2 mRNA and BDNF protein in brain tissue of rats with focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. Neuro-angiogenic factor is possibly the molecular basis of coordinated interaction of the nervous and vascular system.

Objective To investigate the quality of life of nurses group in Shenzhen city and explore its influencing factors, so as to provide evidence for health policy making health promotion and science research. Methods Self-designed questionnaires were used in social demography survey and SF-36 was adopted to survey 495 in-service nurses on front line from four hospitals in Shenzhen. Paired samples t Test and multivariable stepwise regression were carried out to analyze the quality of life among nurses in Shenzhen city and general population in China. Results The data showed the scores of the physiological domain, psychological domain and quality of life nurses in Shenzhen city and Chinese general population was (68.60±17.61), (69.91±17.91), (67.29±20.29)and (78.18± 15.88), (79.36±17.00), (77.00± 17.42), respectively. The difference had statistical significance. Multivariable stepwise regression showed that quality of life was positively correlated with APN scheduling, education, department, monthly income, working range, age and the hospital level in descending sort Conclusions Health authorities, hospital leaders and nurses-selves should pay more attention to the quality of life for nurses group and take positive mea-sures to improve quality of life of nurses group.

Objective To develop the characteristic ESI-MS spectra of five Bulbus Fritillariae species and to be used for identification of Bulbus Fritillariae species.Methods The Bulbus Fritillariae medicinal materials were dipped in 18% ammonia solution,then the alkaloids were extracted by ultrasonic using the mixed solvent of ether-chloroform-ethanol(25∶8∶2.5).The extracts were analyzed directly by ESI-MS in positive ion mode.Results Bulbus alkaloids easily formed molecular ions(~+) in MS and dimerized easily in alcohol solution,which did not dimerize in acidity solution.Collision induced dissociation(S-CID) made these alkaloids easily lose a molecule of H_2O.The MS spectra of the extracts of five Bulbus Fritillariae species indicated that the major molecular ions were similar to each other,but different varieties showed very different relative abundances of these molecular ions.Conclusion The total alkaloid extracts of five Bulbus Fritillariae species have strong characteristic ESI-MS spectra and these spectra are of good reproducibility and precision,respectively.These characteristic spectra are useful for the identification of Bulbus Fritillariae species.

Objective To explore the best way to diagnose and cure the nephrosis with ureteropelvic junction obstruction(UPJO) in children.Methods The diagnosis of 26 cases of nephrosis with UPJO were confirmed by ultrasonogram and IVU examinations.All patients underwent AndersonHynes procedures.These results were analyzed and summarized.Results All the diagnosis were proved to be correct by operation and pathology examinations,the operations were carried out successfully.Twenty-four cases were followed up for 6 months to 2 years.After the operation,the hematuria,urinary frequency,abdominal mass and distention disappeared,the urine analysis was normal,all cases cured clinically.Ultrasonogram examinations showed the thickness of parenchyma increased and the large kidneys lessened.Significantly improved renal fuoction on IVU examinations was observed in the 24 cases compared with that before the operations.The ureters of 20 cases displayed well.Conclusions The combination of ultrasonogram and IVU is very effective method to diagnose UPJO in children.Anderson-Hynes technique is the best procedure to cure the UPJO.

Objective To explore the effect and action principle of extracorpoporeal shock wave(ESW) combine hyperbaric oxygen(HBO) in bone nonunion treatment .Methods Totally 50 standard New Zealand white rabbits were chosen ,and 48 rabbits were successfully made to models .Then ,they were divided into four groups by using the random number table ,12 in each group . The group A was in ESW combine HBO group ;The group B was in hyperbaric oxygen group ;The group C was in pure ESW group ;The group D was in control group .X‐ray inspected before treatment and after treatment in 4 、8 、12 weeks .The calcium con‐tent was checked ,the osteoblast in bone callus was observed by the optical microscope ,and the data was analyzed by statistics .Re‐sults There was a significant difference in 4 ,8 ,12 weeks between group A and group B ,C ,D in the nonunion gap(P< 0 .05) ,there was significant difference in 4 ,8 ,12 weeks between group A and group B ,C ,D in the generation bone callus(P< 0 .05) .Callus calci‐um content of group A was higher than group C ,the difference was statistical significance(P< 0 .05) ,there was significant differ‐ence in 4 ,8 weeks between group A and group C in callus osteoblast count(P < 0 .05) .Conclusion ESW combine HBO treatment for bone nonunion is better than pure ESW therapy ,simple hyperbaric therapy has no obvious help for the treatment of bone nonun‐ion ,HBO can be used as a good synergy method in the extracorporeal shock wave treatment of bone nonunion .

OBJECTIVETo explore causes of shoulder pain and propose prevention measures in treating acromioclavicular joint dislocation.

METHODSFrom January 2005 to January 2013, 86 patients with acromioclavicular joint dislocation (Tossy III) were treated with hook plate fixation, and were divided into two groups. Bsaed on recovery of shoulder function mostly, the patients who suffered from rest pain, motion pain were named as shoulder pain group, while the patients without pain were named as painless group. In shoulder pain group, there were 21 cases including 15 males and and 6 females ranging the age from 22 to 62 years old with an average of (40.6±11.2) years old. There were 8 cases were on the left side and 13 cases were on the right side. In painless group, there were 65 cases including 36 males and and 29 females ranging the age from 19 to 65 years old with an average of (40.0±11.3) years old. There were 33 cases were on the left side and 32 cases were on the right side. The time from injury to operation ranged from 3 h to 8 d with an average of 34.6 h. Shoulder function of all patients were normal before injuried. Postoperative pain, activity of daily living (ADL), range of motion, deltoid muscle strength were compared. Anteflexion,rear protraction, abduction and upthrow of shoulder joint were also compared. Postoperative complications between two groups were observed and compared.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 12 to 48 months with an average of 18.5 months. Constant-Murley score were used to evaluate clinical efficacy at the least following up, and 13 cases got an excellent results, 5 moderate, 2 good and 1 poor in shoulder pain group ; while 61 cases were obtained excellent results, 3 moderate and 1 good in painless group. There were significantly differences between two groups in Constant-Murley score and activity of shoulder joint (P<0.05). In shoulder pain group, 3 cases were disconnected, 1 case occurred stress fracture, 9 cases were subacromial impingement syndrome, 5 cases occurred subluxation, 1 case occurred plate breakage and 11 cases were acromioclavicular arthritis.

CONCLUSIONChosing individual clavicular hook plate, fulfilling anatomic reset, paying attention to the repair of articular capsule ligament, and reducing hook and bone antagonism between stress is the key point of preventing and decreasing postoperative shoulder pain.

Acromioclavicular Joint ; injuries ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Adult ; Bone Plates ; adverse effects ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; instrumentation ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Shoulder Dislocation ; complications ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Shoulder Pain ; etiology ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the protective effects of lipsomal clodronate on renal injury in rats with severe acute pancreatifis and the assessment of renal injury. Method Totally 48 rats were randomly divided into three group:normal control group (C);SAP group, in which rats were treated with pure liposomal (P);treatment group, in which SAP rats were treated with liposomal clodronate disodium(T). The SAP model of rat was induced by injection of 5 % sodium taurochohte beneath the pancreatic membrane. Rats of normal control group received isovolumetric injections of 0.9% physiological saline solution instead of sodium taurocholate. Blood samples were collected to measure AMS,BUN,Cr,IL-6 and IL-12 at 2 hors, 6 hours after SAP. At the same time, the samples of pancreatic and renal tissues were taken for observing the pathological changes. Results Compared with controlgroup, serious renal and pancreatic damages were found in group P, and the AMS, BUN, Cr levels elevated signifi-candy (P < 0.01). Compared with group P,the renal and pancreatic damages were attenuated in group T, and the levels of Cr and AMS decreased significantly (P < 0.01), and the IL-6, IL-12 were decreased at 2 hours and 6 hours (P < 0.01). The BUN decreased significantly at6 hours (P < 0.05). Conciusions Excessive release of inflammatory mediator play an important role in renal injury in SAP. Lipsomal clodronate disodium can alleviate the damage of pancreas and kidney.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of clodronate SPIO liposomes on liver injury of rats with severe acute pancreatitis(SAP)and the role of MRI in evaluating the extent of liver injury.Methods Superparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles were prepared by chemical coprecipitation.Clodronate-SPIO-containing liposomes was prepared by the thin-film method.SAP models were prepared by a uniform injection of sodium taurocholate(2 ml/kg body weight)into the subcapsular space of the pancreas.SD rats were randomly divided into control group,SAP plus SPIO group, and clodronate-SPIO-containing liposome group.Six hours after SAP models were available,T2-weighted MRI scanning(in the same plane)of the liver of rats in each group were performed.At the end of the scanning,blood samples were taken from the supcrior mesenteric vein to measure the contents of serum ALT and AST.Meanwhile, The pathological changes in the liver and pancreas were observed.Results Transmission electron microscopic examination showed that liposomes had a uniform size.No changes in the pancreas of rats in control group were noted.The pathological changes in the pancreas and liver of rats in SAP plus clodronate-SPIO-containing liposome group were significantly milder than those in SAP plus SPIO liposome group.The contents of serum ALT and AST in rats in SAP plus SPIO liposome group were significantly higher than those in control group(P＜0.01), while the contents of serum ALT and AST in rats in SAP plus clodronate-SPIO-containing group were significantly lower than those in SAP plus SPIO liposome group(P＜0.01).The MRI signal intensity of the liver in SAP plus SPIO liposome group and SAP plus clodronate-SPIO-containing liposome group was significantly lower than that in control group.The significant changes in the MRI signal intensity of the liver in SAP plus SPIO liposome group and SAP plus Clodronate-SPIO liposome group were noted(P＜0.01).Conclusion Clodronate-containing liposomes have protective effects against liver injury in SAP rats and SPIO can be used as a tracer for MRI examination.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of lipsomal clodronate against hepatic injury in rats with acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP). Methods 48 SD rats were randomly divided into control group, ANP group and lipsomal clodronate group, respectively. The models of ANP were established by injection of sodium taurocholate into the pancreatic capsule. Lipsomal clodronate was prepared by means of thin film. Blank liposomes and clodronate-containing liposomes was injected via caudal vein in ANP group and lipsomal clodronate group, respectively. The rats were sacrificed at 2, 6 h after ANP induction, the serum levels of ALT, AST and AMS, IL-6,IL-12 were measured, and pathologic changes of liver and pancreas were observed. Results At 6 h, serum level of ALT was (73 ± 11) U/L, (257 ± 33) U/L and (184 ± 29) U/L in control group, ANP group and lipsomal clodronate group, respectively;serum levels of AST were (190 ± 32)U/L, (590 ± 70)U/L and (430±52)U/L, respectively;serum levels of AMS were (814±80)U/L, (5031 ± 471) U/L and (2843 ± 236) U/L, respectively, serum levels of IL-6 were (26.7 ± 5.7) pmol/L, (218.0 ±4.7)pmol/L and (112.3 ± 8. O) pmol/L, respectively;serum levels of IL-12 were (4. 2 ± 1.0) pmol/L,(309.5 ± 8.5) pmol/L and (153.7 ± 6.3) pmol/L. The values in ANP group and lipsomal clodronate group were significantly higher than those in control group, while the values in lipsomal clodronate group were significantly lower than those in ANP group (P < 0. 01). Pathologic changes of liver and pancreas were significantly attenuated in lipsomal clodronate group. Conclusions Intravenous liposomal clodronate could exert protective effects on the hepatic injury in rats with ANP.