Objective To explore the characteristics and laws of burned children,and to find the coping strategies on preventing and reducing the incidence of pediatric burns.Methods The age distribution,burn causes, degree of burn,easy -happening months and on -site treatment of 978 children under 12 years old were retrospective-ly analyzed.Results 978 pediatric burns patients made up 55.4% of all burned patients among which there were 601 male patients and 377 female patients.Most of them were 1 -3 years old.The main reason of burn was hot liquid. Most of them were minor and moderate burned.The easy -happing months were from May to September.Only 11.0%of these children were correctly treated.Most burn children were from countryside.Conclusion The main reasons of children being burned are poor management of hot liquid,carelessness and the indifference of safety consciousness. The cases of burned children are regular.It is important to strengthen the publicity and education of precaution and the consciousness of safety protection of custodian.The publicity of knowledge about burning safety and correct on -site treatment are important for prevention and cure of burned children.

In this paper, we advance a new treating method for rectectomy postoperative anus incontinence, which is called "artificial sphincter system with biofeedback-function". The system simulates the function of human's sphincter and has entered into a stage of simulation experiments on animals.
Anal Canal ; Animals ; Artificial Organs ; Biofeedback, Psychology ; Fecal Incontinence ; Humans ; Prosthesis Design ; Software Design

Objective To investigate the application value of the Perclose Proglide vascular devices in the thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) of aortic dissection.Methods Retrospective analysis of 106 patients who underwent TEVAR for Standford B type aortic dissection were performed.The femoral lumen was measured by CTA be fore,1 month and 1 year after TEVAR.Results A total of 223 Perclose Proglide vascular closure devices were used in the 106 patients,including 97 patients with 2 devices,7 patients with 3 devices,2 patients with 4 devices.The puncture femoral artery diameters had no significant differences between before and 1 month,1 year after TEVAR (all P ＞0.05).Conclusion Per close Proglide vascular closure devices can be effectively and safely used in the TEVAR,which has little influence on the femoral artery diameter,and is worth to be applied in the clinics extensively.

Objective:To produce rhBMP-4 with bioactivity in E.coli. Methods: The full-length human BMP-4 gene was mutated by PCR without changes in amino acid sequence, then the synthesized gene was cloned into plasmid pET-3c, transducted into BL21(DE)plysS, and induced by adding IPTG to a final concentration of 1.0 mmol/L. The protein product was purified using ion-exchange chromatography method and then renaturated, bioactivity was checked by C2C12 differentiation in vitro and mouse ectopic bone formation in vivo. Results: A 438 bp gene fragment encoding mature peptide of hBMP-4 was cloned , the protein product was mostly in the form of inclusion body, after renaturation, the engineering protein shows better bioactivity. Conclusion:The mutant strategy can enhance the expression of bioactive rhBMP-4 in E.coli expression system.

OBJECTIVETo study the relationship between the disturbance of nitric oxide/endothelin-I (NO/ET-1) and the hepatic injury following limb ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in rats as well as the regulation of NO/ET-1 system by limb ischemia preconditioning (IPC).

METHODSUsing limb ischemia/reperfusion injury model rats, animals were randomly divided into three groups (n = 6): control group, I/R group and IPC group. The contents of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in the plasma as well as nitric oxide (NO), endothelin-1 (ET-1), nitric oxide/endothelin-1 (NO/ET-1) in the plasma and the liver were measured. The levels of total nitric oxide synthase (tNOS), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), constitutive nitric oxide synthase (cNOS) in the liver were determined. The expression of iNOS and endothelial NOS (eNOS) were detected by the immunohistochemical method. The morphologic changes stained with hematoxylineosin were observed under microscope.

RESULTSIt was found that the levels of NO, ET-1 in the plasma and the liver tissue all increased after reperfusion, while the values of ALT, AST, NO/ET-1 decreased. Liver pathology revealed that after limb I/R there were edema, villous microvascular congestion, infiltration of polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN), cell degeneration in part cells of the liver. The hepatic damage was deteriorated. While the expression of iNOS elevated, cNOS (mainly eNOS) reduced and total NOS increased. The protection of the limb IPC attenuated the disturbance of NO/ET-1.

CONCLUSIONThe hepatic injury following limb I/R is related to the disturbance of NO/ ET-1. The protection of the limb IPC might be conducted by its regulation of NO/ET-1 system. The elevation of endothelial NOS and the reduction of non-endothelial NOS generated the NO in this situation.

Animals ; Endothelin-1 ; metabolism ; Extremities ; blood supply ; Ischemic Preconditioning ; Liver ; metabolism ; Male ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Reperfusion Injury ; prevention & control

The retinoid N-4-hydroxyphenyl retinamide (4-HPR also known as fenretinide), a synthetic derivative of all trans retinoic acid (ATRA), has shown as an efficient chemopreventive, chemotherapeutic agent and a potent inducer of apoptosis in various cancer cell types in vitro, including leukemic cells. However the mechanisms by which 4-HPR has the apoptotic effects is not completely elucidated. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of 4-HPR on several leukemic cells and explore its mechanisms of effect on U937 cells. The cell growth and proliferation experiments were performed [corrected] cell apoptosis was detected by annexin V; reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial transmembrane potential (DeltaPsim) were determined; protein [corrected] expression was detected by Western blot. The results showed that 4-HPR inhibited the proliferation of U937 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. 4-HPR markedly [corrected] induced apoptosis in U937 cells, triggered the generation of ROS, induced the loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential, decreased the expression of procaspase-8 and procaspase-3. Pretreatment of L-ascorbic acid suppressed the generation of ROS, disruption of mitochondrial potential, activation of caspases and apoptosis. It is concluded that the generation of ROS followed by the disruption of mitochondrial transmembrane potential plays an important role on 4-HPR-induced apoptosis in leukemic cells, suggesting that 4-HPR may be one of mitochondrial-targeted agents with clinical potential in treating cancer.
Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Blotting, Western ; Caspases ; metabolism ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Fenretinide ; pharmacology ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; Leukemia ; metabolism ; pathology ; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial ; drug effects ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; metabolism ; U937 Cells

OBJECTIVETo observe beta-catenin expression of Wnt signaling pathway in rats with knee osteoarthritis, and influence of Bushen Huoxue decoction on beta-catenin and MMP-7 expression of synoviocytes in rats with knee osteoarthritis (OA).

METHODSRats model with knee osteoarthritis were established by Hulth method. Primary synoviocytes and OA synoviocytes were cultured with collagenase digestion method. The cultured synoviocytes were divided into normal group, OA model group and Bushen Huoxue decoction group. Western blotting method was used to detect beta-catenin, MMP-7 protein expression of synoviocytes after acting by Bushen Huoxue decoction for 48 h; ELISA method was used to detect MMP-7 expression of synovial supernatant.

RESULTSOA synoviocytes were cultured successfully. Western blotting showed that beta-catenin, MMP-7 expression in OA synoviocytes was significantly higher than normal group, Bushen Huoxue decoction could significantly reduce beta-catenin, MMP-7 expression; ELISA results showed that MMP-7 expression of OA synovial supernatant was significantly higher than normal synoviocytes supernatant, Bushen Huoxue decoction significantly regulated the level MMP-7 down.

CONCLUSION(1) High expression of beta-catenin in OA synoviocytes indicates that Wnt classical signal pathway is activated in rat with knee osteoarthritis; (2) High expression of MMP-7 expression in OA synoviocytes confirms the MMP-7 is downstream genes of Wnt/beta-catenin signal pathway; (3) Activation of Wnt signal pathway and increase of MMP-7 may cause degradation of articular cartilage, and promote the formation of osteoarthritis; (4) Bushen Huoxue decoction can reduce expression of MMP-7, and promote cartilage repair, which may be one of mechanisms of osteoarthritis.

Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 7 ; analysis ; Osteoarthritis, Knee ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Synovial Fluid ; chemistry ; cytology ; beta Catenin ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of rutin on body weight and obesity-induced reproductive impairment in male mice.

METHODSTwenty-four male mice were randomized equally into normal control group, high-fat diet group (HFD group), and HFD + rutin intervention group (HRU group). After 28 days of treatments, the testes and epididymis of the mice were collected for detection of total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG) levels and for pathological examinations with HE staining. The expressions of related genes was detected with real-time PCR, and Western blotting was used to detect the expression of Ucp1 protein in the samples.

RESULTSAfter 28 days of treatments, the mean body weight was lower in mice with rutin intervention than in those in HFD group. The mice in HFD group showed significantly higher TG levels in the testis and epididymis and higher TC levels in the epididymis than those in the control and HRU groups. In HFD group, the testis and the epididymis displayed loosened structures with abnormalcell structure, and the number ofmature spermatozoa in the lumen was decreased and the mobility of the sperms was reduced; all these changes were significantly alleviated in HRU group. The expression levels of Ucp1 mRNA and protein increased (P<0.05) and the expressions of Mcp1 and TNF-α decreased significantly in the mice after rutin treatment (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONRutin can effectively inhibit rapid increase of body weight and protect against obesity-induced reproductive impairment in obese mice.

Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease,with the characters of degradation of articular cartilage, the formation of the joint marginal osteophyte and synovium lesions. Previous studies have focused on the treatment of articular cartilage lesions. In recent years, new research in shows synovial inflammation plays an important role in OA. Synovium lesions and synovial inflammation-related factors induced the degradation and destruction of articular cartilage, and promoted the development of osteoarthritis. The role of synovial lesions in osteoarthritis is increasingly prominent, and the treatment for synovial lesions will become a new target. So this paper reviews the various manifestations of synovial in osteoarthritis.
Humans ; Osteoarthritis ; pathology ; Synovial Membrane ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo detect and analyze the characteristic miRNAs profile of anal fistula and explore their possible target genes and potential clinical significance.

METHODSThe anal mucosa close to the hemorrhoids were collected from three patients undergoing fistulectomy and hemorrhoidectomy (fistula group) as well as three patients receiving only hemorroidectomy(hemorrhoids group), matching with fistula group in age, gender and body weight. miRNA microarray was used to compare the expression of 1 285 human miRNAs of the anal mucosa between two groups. Cluster analysis was adopted to analyze the accumulation of the differentially expressed miRNAs(P<0.05, fold≥2.0 or ≤0.5) and their target genes were predicted with 10 softwares such as DIANAmT, miRanda, miRDB, miRWalk etc. Comprehensive scoring was performed to identify genes with highest predictive score. Gene ontology (GO) concentration technique was used to analyze the target gene-associated biological process. Immunohistochemistry was used to examine protein expression of genes with the highest score.

RESULTSAmong 1285 miRNAs in fistula group, 13 miRNAs were differentially expressed with those in hemorrhoid group, including 2 of up-regulation and 11 of down-regulation. Paired t test showed that in fistula group, miRNA-3609 up-regulation was 5.98 folds(P=0.0231) and miR-181a-2-3p down-regulation was 0.13 folds(P=0.0067) compared to those in hemorrhoid group, which had the greatest differential expression. Cluster analysis suggested that up-regulated miR-3609 and miR-6086 had similar change trend in both groups. Among 11 down-regulated miRNAs, miR-125bp-1-3p and miR-548q had similar expression and other 9 miRNAs had similar expression as well, including miR-1185-1-3p, miR-532-3p, miR-1233-5p, miR-769-5p, miR-149-5p, miR-99b-3p, miR-141-3p, miR-138-5p, and miR-181a-2-3p. Target gene prediction analysis of above 13 genes showed that 7 miRNAs(53.8%) were eligible to predict their potential target genes, yielding totally 104 possible target genes. The rest of 6 miRNAs(46.2%) failed to predict any target gene. The highest score in prediction of target gene was chitinase 1(ChIT1) and its corresponding differential miRNA was miR-769-5p(r=-0.94286, P=0.0167). Gene ontology analysis showed that the most associated biological process related with these 104 target genes was keratinization, immune response and signal transduction. Immunohistochemistry revealed ChiT1 expression of anal mucosa in fistula group was significantly higher compared to hemorrhoid group(P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONSThere is a characteristic miRNAs profile in anal fistula patients, which may play a role in the occurrence and development of anal fistula.

Cluster Analysis ; Down-Regulation ; Humans ; MicroRNAs ; Rectal Fistula ; genetics ; Signal Transduction ; Up-Regulation