Adenosine Triphosphate ; Mouth ; metabolism ; Receptors, Purinergic P2X ; metabolism

Child ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; Leukemia ; surgery

BACKGROUND: It is thought in traditional Chinese medicine that "the head is the residence of intelligence", "the head is the leader of body, and the focus of the spirit". Therefore, scalp electro-acupuncture can induce resuscitation, relieve mental confusion, dredge the meridian and eliminate the depression in treatment of post-stroke depression.OBJECTIVE: To observe the curative effect of head acupuncture on poststroke depression.DESIGN: Randomized controlled and single blind evaluationSETTING: Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University; College of Acupuncture and Massage,Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 90 patients with post-stroke depression were from Affiliated Nanfang Hospital and,Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine were recruited. The Score of all the patients in Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD) were ＞ 20. Ninety patients were randomly divided as scalp acupuncture group (n=46) and routine acupuncture group (n=44).METHODS: The patients in the routine acupuncture group were treated mainly at points of three-yang meridians of foot and hand at the hemiplegia side. The points include jianyu (LI-15) , binao (LI-14) , quchi (LI-11),shousanli (LI-10), waiguan (SJ-5), hegu (LI-4), biguan (St-31), liangqiu (St-34), zusanli (St-36), yanglingquan (GB-34), kunlun (UB-60), jiexi (St41). The above points were divided into 2 groups, 1 group each day, alternately. Even reinforcing-reducing method was used, with 30-minute needle retention, 6 successive days treatment with 1 day rest, for 6 weeks totally.The patients in the scalp acupuncture were treated with, besides the above method, scalp acupuncture. Mid-parietal line, mid-frontal line, laterofrontal lineI (both sides)were chosen. After arrival of qi, G6805 type electro-acupuncture apparatus (interrupted wave, 50 Hz,4 V) was connected, with 30-minute needle retention, 6 suocessive days treatment with 1 day rest, 6 for 6 weeks totally. HRSD was used to evaluate the status of depression before and after treatment. Stroke score was used to evaluate the curative effect of stroke.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: HRSD scores and curative effect of apoplexy before and after treatment of the patients in two groups.RESULTS: According to the intention treatment, all 90 patients entered the result analysis. ① HRSD score after treatment was lower than that be fore treatment in the scalp acupuncture group,and that after treatment group in the routine acupuncture group (8.55±1.73,30.61±4.02,15.04±2.33,P ＜ 0.01 ). ②There was no significant difference of the total effective rate in the two groups , but some tendency indicated the effective rate in the scalp acupuncture group was better than that in the routine acupuncture group ( 100% ,98% ,x2=1.9167 ,P ＞ 0.05).CONCLUSION: Scalp electro-acupuncture has obvious curative effect on post-stroke depression. The amelioration of melancholia has a certain promoting effect on rehabilitation of apoplexy.

miRNA is a kind of endogenous non-coding short RNA. Mature miRNA was formed through the process of shearing and transporting after genetic transcription. miRNA exhibits many important biological functions through regulating expression and translation of target mRNAs. Different miRNAs may act as oncogenes or antioncogenes, and have tissue specificity. The progress of the tumorigenesis is usually accompanied by expression-profile changes of miRNAs. MiRNA regulates many tumor biological behaviors such as differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance of tumors. Furthermore, some miRNAs have clinical significance in predicting prognosis of tumor patients.

Objective To investigate the changes of T cells and disease development in the mice with Smad3 deficiency in the bone marrow cells.Methods Bone marrow cells obtained from Smad3 null(Smad3~(-/-))mice and wild type(Smad3~(+/+))mice were injected to Co~(60)-irradiated GFP mice,respectively.The general states of the bone marrow recipients were observed.The mice were sacrificed at the sixth week and the histopathological changes in the intestines were examined.The changes of T cells from lymph nodes were detected by flow cytometry.Results Smad3~(-/-) bone marrow recipient mice appeared a wasting syndrome and intestinal inflammation.The amount of CD4~+ CD62L~(lo) T cells in lymph nodes was significantly increased.Conclusion These results indicate that the mice with Smad3 deficiency in the bone marrow cells present an inflammatory disorder and their T cells are activated.

Objective To analyze the clinical and pathologieal characteristics of IgA nephmlogy secondary to primary sj(o)gren's syndrome(pSS).Method The clinical and pathological data of 8 patients with pSS and IgA in Changzheng Hospital from 2004 to 2009 were analyzed.Results The average age of seven female and one male was (44±8) years old.Five patients presented with edema and proteinuria.Eight patients presented with microhematuria.The average 24-hour proteinuria was (3±4) g.Two patients had hypertension.Serum creatinine levels of two patients were higher than normal level,the others'were normal.Light microscopy examination showed three patients were mild mesangial proliferation with Lee's classification grade Ⅰ;five patients had global sclerosis with Lee's classification grade Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ.Positive IgA was mainly found under immunofluorescence microscopy.Electronic microscopy showed no electron-dense deposits.Conclusion IgA nephrology secondary to pSS is different from primary IgA nephrology under immunofluorescence microscopy.

BACKGROUND:It is suggested that glucose metabolism of frontal lobes,cingulate gyri and caudate nuclei in cerebral functional area of patients with depression is low,and the blood flow in cerebellum decreases.OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of scalp acupuncture on cerebral glucose metabolism in depression by positron emission tomography.DESIGN:Randomly controlled and verifying experiment.SETTING:Department of Acupuncture and Aoxibustion in Nanfang Hospital and Center of Positron Emission Tomography in a Guangdong People's hospital.PARTICIPANTS:Twelve patients of primary depression,from Nanfang Hospital,Zhujiang Hospital and Center of Positron Emission Tomography in Guangdong People's Hospital from October 2002 to October 2003,were selected randomly with the diagnostic criteria of [F32] in the Third Edition of the Chinese Classification and Diagnostic Criteria of Mental Disease.Among them,3 were male and 9 were female.Their ages were from 36 to 66 years,with the average of 48.METHODS:Giving scalp acupuncture in middle line of vertex(MS5),middle line of forehead(MS1) and bilateral lateral line 1 of forehead(MS2).All the patients received positron emission tomography examination before and after acupuncture treatment for 6 weeks.Then cerebral Regions of Interest,bilateral frontal lobes,bilateral caudate nuclei,bilateral cingulate gyri and bilateral cerebella,were chosen and their average glucose metabolisms were counted by half-quantifying analysis.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Glucose metabolism of bilateral frontal lobes,bilateral caudate nuclei,bilateral cingulate gyri and bilateral cerebella.RESULTS:According to intension,all 12 patients with primary depression sults of right frontal lobes(2.91 ±0.34),left frontal lobes(2.96±0.26),right cingulate gyri(2.68±0.20),right caudate nuclei (2.61±0.39) and left cerebellum(2.55±0.18)were obviously higher than those of right frontal lobes(2.53±0.31),left frontal lobes(2.53±0.36),right cingulate gyri(2.34±0.31),right caudate nuclei(2.40±0.33) and left cerebellum(2.35±0.25)before treatment(P＜ 0.05-0.01).However, the results of left cingulate gyri (2.69 ±0.38),left caudate nuclei(2.66±0.01) and right cerebellum(2.50±0.27) were similar to those of left cingulate gyri(2.43±0.38),left caudate nuclei(2.45±0.21) and right cerebellum(2.30±0.34) before treatment(P ＞ 0.05).CONCLUSION:Scalp acupuncture on middle line of vertex,middle line of forehead and bilateral lateral line 1 of forehead could improve the glucose metabolism in depressive patients of certain cerebral regions,and it might be a mechanism related to improvement of frontal lobes,caudate nuclei,cingulate gyri and cerebellum.

Objective To observe the influence of low protein diet with α-keto acid on kidney sclerosis and renin-angiotensin system in renal ablation rats. Methods Chronic renal failure rat model was established by renal ablation in 30 male SD rats,then the animals were randomly assigned to the following diet groups:normal protein group (NPD:18%casein protein),low protein group (LPD:6%casein protein) and supplemented low protein group (LK:5%casein protein+1%α-keto acids).Ten male SD sham-operated rats received 18%casein protein as control.All the rats were killed at the end of the 12th week.Pathologic changes were assessed by PAS staining.Ang II in homogenate and plasma were measured by radioimmunoassay and ELISA respectively.Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were used to detect the protein expression of TGF-β1,renin and AT1R.Real-time PCR was used to detect the gene expression of renin and ATla,the main subtype of AT1 receptor. Results Body weight,total protein and serum albumin had not significant difference among the four groups(all P>0.05).Serum creatinine and proteinuria of nephrectomized rats were significantly higher compared to the control group (all P<0.05).Proteinuria of the LK group was lower than that of NPD and LPD groups (all P<0.05).Pathological results indicated fibrosis indices were significantly improved after LPD and LK intervention.Expressions of renin,Ang II and AT1R in LK group were significantly lower than those in NPD group (all P<0.05). Conclusions Low protein diet with α-keto acids supplement therapy exhibits renal protective effects of reducing urine protein excretion and improving renal fibrosis,which might be related to the attenuation of local renin-angiotensin system in activity nephrectomized rats.

Objective To investigate the expression of angiotensinⅡ (Ang Ⅱ ) and its type 1 receptor (AT1) in circulation, placenta and kidney of the rots preeclampsia. Methods Preedampsia rat model was developed by inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (L-NAME). The systolic blood pressure (SBP), 24 h urine protein, hepatic and renal function were compared among the precelampsia group, the normal pregnant group and nonpregnant control group. The kidney tissue was observed by light microscopy. ELISA and radioimmunoassay were used to detect Ang Ⅱ in rat plasma and kidney homogenate respectively. Placental AT1 was measured by Westem blot. The level of kidney AT1 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. Results In preeclampsia rats, SBP and 24 h urine protein were significantly higher compared with control groups. Compared to normal pregnant group, plasma Ang Ⅱ of preeclampsia rats was much higher [(0.706±0.086) ng/L vs (0.540±0.085) ng/L, P＜0.05]; placental AT1 was increased by 46%(P＜ 0.05); kidney Ang Ⅱ was decreased signigicantly [(65.543±40.634) ng/g vs (165.543±33.078) ng/g, P＜0.05]. The expression of ATI in kidney of preeclampsia rats was reduced evidently,which was only 33% of normal pregnancy group and 59% of nonpregnant control greup,respeetively (P＜0.05). Conclusions In preeclampsia rat model, the circulating Ang Ⅱ is increased, the placental RAS isactivated, while the kidney BAS is suppressed. The underlying mechanism of proteinuria and kidney damage associated with this phenomenon in preeclampsia needs further research.

Objective To investigate the clinical manifestation,pathological characteristics,neurological imaging,indications,operative approach and microsurgieal technique of surgery for brain stem tumor.Methods 17 cases of brain stem tumor treated by applying microsurgical skills were retrospectively analyzed from Jan.2002 to Dec.2007.Ten cases were operated via the suboccipito-retromastoid approach,among which 5 situated in pons,3 in medulla oblongata and 2 invoved both pens and medulla oblongata;4 cases were performed via the posteromedian-suboccipital approach,among which 2 located in pens,1 in medulla oblongata and 1 involved both midbrain and pens;3 lesions situated in varying sites of mesencephalon were operated by the suboceipito-supratentorial,infratemporal approach and pterional approach respectively.Results In the series of the patients,lesion was totally excised in 6 cases,subtotally in one,without surgical mortality.All patients were followed up for years ranging from 5 months to 4 years.During the follow-up period,seven patients resumed work and normal life;4 patients could perform physical labor;3 patients obtained self care capability;2 patients needed to be taken care of,1 patient died from pneumonia after discharge.Conclusion Fine therapeutic efficacy and low disability rate could be obtained while applying microsurgical techniques to resect brain stem tumors with correct indication,appropriate approach and elaborate microneurosurgical skills.