Objective:To introduce the method of cylindrical abdominoperineal resection(APR)for low rectal cancer.Methods:Cylindrical APR was performed for 6 patients with advanced ultralow rectal cancer according to standard protocol in Stockholm from February to May in 2009.The procedure involved careful mobilization of the mesorectum as low as the origins of the levator muscle.After stoma formation,the abdomen was closed,the patient was rotated into the prone position,and an extended perineal dissection was performed.This included the sphinctercomplex and followed the inferior surface of the levators to a point laterally where they originated on the pelvic sidewall.This point should be just inferior to the level where the abdominal procedure was terminated.Results:The cylindrical technique removed more tissue in the distal rectum.There was no bowel perforation,perineal wounds were uneventfully.One patient developed perineal seroma.One patient developed peritoneocele hernia of pelvic floor.Conclusion:Cylin-drical APR performed in the prone position for low rectal cancer removes more tissue around the tumor that leads to a reduction in CRM involvement and intraoperative perforations,which should reduce local disease recurrence.

OBJECTIVE To validate the anticancer effect of Angong Niuhuang pill (AGNH) and pinpoint associated molecular mechanisms using human cancer cells.METHODS Human MGC-803 gastric carcinoma and human BEL-7402 hepatocarcinoma cells were incubated with AGNH 9,30,90,300 and 900 mg·L-1 for 24,48and 72 h,respectively.Cell viability was detected with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl) -5-( 3-carboxymethoxyphe-nyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) assay and colony formation assay.Apoptosis was measured with flow cytometry and Hoechst 33258/PI staining.Change in mitochondrial membrane potential (△qψ) was detected by spectrofluorophotometer.RESULTS AGNH inhibited MGC-803 cell proliferation ( for 48 h,r =0.996,P =0.002; for72 h,r=0.756,P=0.024 ) and BEL-7402 cells (for 48 h,r =0.732,P=0.030; for72 h,r=0.702,P =0.037) in a concentration-dependent manner,as showed by MTS assay.AGNH inhibited colony formation on MGC-803 cells (r =0.914,P =0.011 ) and BEL-7402 cells (r =0.871,P =0.024) in a concentration-dependent manner for 24 h.Hoechst 33258/PI staining and flow cytometry assay showed that AGNH 900 mg·L-1 for 24 h induced apoptosis of MGC-803 and BEL-7402 cells,and the apoptosis rate was 27.2％ and 19.7％,respectively.Compared with normal control group,AGNH 900 mg·L-1 for 3 min decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential of MGC-803 and BEL-7402 cells to 15.9％ and 15.0％ of control group.CONCLUSION AGNH inhibits proliferation of human cancer cells.Apoptosis and depolarization of mitochondrial transmembrane potential are probablly its mechanism.

Objective To decrease tumor local recurrence after abdominoperineal resection (APR)for low rectal cancer using cylindrical abdominoperineal resection. Methods From February 2009 to February 2010 cylindrical APR was performed in 15 patients of advanced ultralow rectal cancer at the Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, according to the standard protocol as described by Holm. The procedure involves careful mobilization of the mesorectum as far down as the origins of the levator muscle. Ater stoma formation, the abdomen is closed, the patient is rotated into the prone position, and an extended perineal dissection is performed. This includes the sphincter complex and the inferior surface of the levators to a point laterally where they originate on the pelvic sidewall. This point should be just inferior to the level where the abdominal procedure was terminated. The coccyx is often removed in continuity with the main specimen to improve direct visualization of the dissection.Results The cylindrical technique removed more tissue in the distal rectum. There was no bowel perforation, perineal wounds were primary healing. One patient developed perineal seroma. One patient developed peritoneocele hernia of pelvic floor. Conclusions Cylindrical APR performed in the prone position for low rectal cancer removes more tissue around the tumor that leads to a reduction in intraoperative perforations, which should reduce local disease recurrence.

Objective To study the stability of micro-implant orthodontic anchorage(MA)with different pitch in the case of immediate loading.Method Employing 3D finite element analysis method,the stress and dis-placement distribution on the bone interface of MIA with different pitch(0.3 mm、0.5 mm、0.7 mm and 1.0 mm,respectively),which was 1.47 N loaded vertically in the major axis direction,were analyzed.Result The pitch affected the stress distribution significantly,because the maximum stress increased with the pitch decreasing and the impact of pitch on stress distribution on neck and central locations of MIA were different;to decrease the pitch could reduce the max displacement of the jaw,but the impact of pitch on displacement distribution of MIA was not significant.Condusions In the case of immediate loading.MIA with pitch 0.5 mm-0.7 mm is suggested to be selected as orthodontic anchorage in the clinic.

Objective To study the stability of micro-implant orthodontic anchorage(MA)with different pitch in the case of immediate loading.Method Employing 3D finite element analysis method,the stress and dis-placement distribution on the bone interface of MIA with different pitch(0.3 mm、0.5 mm、0.7 mm and 1.0 mm,respectively),which was 1.47 N loaded vertically in the major axis direction,were analyzed.Result The pitch affected the stress distribution significantly,because the maximum stress increased with the pitch decreasing and the impact of pitch on stress distribution on neck and central locations of MIA were different;to decrease the pitch could reduce the max displacement of the jaw,but the impact of pitch on displacement distribution of MIA was not significant.Condusions In the case of immediate loading.MIA with pitch 0.5 mm-0.7 mm is suggested to be selected as orthodontic anchorage in the clinic.

Objective To explore the influence of inhaled glucocorticosteroid on ?-glutamylcysteine synthetase(?-GCS) in inflammatory cell of sputum in children with asthma.Methods Twenty-two asthmatic children were divided into 2 groups according to treatment.The children who were treated by inhaled budesonide combined with salbutamol were due to group A and the others inhaling salbutamol only were due to group B,the healthy children were acted as healthy control group(group C).The glutation(GSH),total GSH and the activity of ?-GCS in sputum were measured respectively;Expression of ?-GCS in inflammatory cell of sputum were detected by immunohistochemistry;the expression of ?-GCS heavy chain(?-GCS-h) mRNA were detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Results 1.The total GSH[(1.08?0.14) ?mol/L] and oxidized glutathione(GSSG)[(0.37?0.09) ?mol/L] were decreased in sputum of group A of post-treatment compared with pre-treatment(Pa

At present, there is no cure for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) due to HIV-1 latent reservoirs. Therefore, it urgently requires novel HIV-1 latency-regulating agents with high potency, low toxicity and favorable drug-like properties to achieve a functional cure for AIDS. Herein, we reviewed the advances in HIV-1 latency-regulating agents since 2019, including the drug discovery strategies, bioactivities, and mechanisms of these compounds. It is of great guiding significance in the development of latency-regulating agents with clinical value.

Objective : The patients with inguinal hernia were treated with plug mesh hernia repair. Methods:The hernia sacs were isolated and dissected back to the internal ring. The unoperated sacs were allowed to drop back through the internal ring into the abdominal cavity. A cone-shaped mesh hernia plug is inserted tapered end through ring and placed into position just beneath the crura. All our repairs were reinforced a second piece of flat was placed from the pubic tubercle, overlying the direct space. Results : Com-paired with conventional suture surgical techniques, a plug repair uses less disscection and ensures tenssion free hernioplusty. Conclusion : We believe that the two factors are the most important reseasons for greater patients confort, rapit rehabilitation, decreased recurrence and lessened overall complication rates with the mesh hernia plug techniques.

BACKGROUNDWhen compared with conventional abdominoperineal resection (APR), extralevator abdominoperineal excision (ELAPE) has been demonstrated to reduce the risk of local recurrence for the treatment of locally advanced low rectal cancer. Combined with the laparoscopic technique, laparoscopic ELAPE (LELAPE) has the potential to reduce invasion and hasten postoperative recovery. In this study, we aim to investigate the advantages of LELAPE in comparison with conventional APR.

METHODSFrom October 2010 to February 2013, 23 patients with low rectal cancer (T 3-4 N 0-2 M 0 ) underwent LELAPE; while during the same period, 25 patients were treated with conventional APR. The patient characteristics, intraoperative data, postoperative complications, and follow-up results were retrospectively compared and analyzed.

RESULTSThe basic patient characteristics were similar; but the total operative time for the LELAPE was longer than that of the conventional APR group (P = 0.014). However, the operative time for the perineal portion was comparable between the two groups (P = 0.328). The LELAPE group had less intraoperative blood loss (P = 0.022), a lower bowel perforation rate (P = 0.023), and a positive circumferential margin (P = 0.028). Moreover, the patients, who received the LELAPE, had a lower postoperative Visual Analog Scale, quicker recovery of bowel function (P = 0.001), and a shorter hospital stay (P = 0.047). However, patients in the LELAPE group suffered more chronic perineal pain (P = 0.002), which may be related to the coccygectomy (P = 0.033). Although the metastasis rate and mortality rate were similar between the two groups, the local recurrence rate of the LELAPE group was statistically improved (P = 0.047).

CONCLUSIONSWhen compared with conventional APR, LELAPE has the potential to reduce the risk of local recurrence, and decreases operative invasion for the treatment of locally advanced low rectal cancer.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Digestive System Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; surgery ; Postoperative Complications ; Rectal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Rectum ; pathology ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo investigate the T2 values and knee thickness in healthy young adults using 3.0 T magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) .

METHODSTotally 40 volunteers(18-30 years old) with body mass index between 18.5-24.0 kg/m(2) were divided into two groups(22 men and 18 women) according to their gender. Also in addition, each group was divided into two subgroups(right knee and left knee) . The T2 values and the thickness of the areas on the medial condyle of femur, the lateral condyle of femur, the medial tibial plateau, the lateral tibial plateau, and the patella of the knee cartilage were measured.

RESULTSThe T2 values and the thickness of the right and left knee cartilages showed no significant differences between men and women (P>0.05) . Also, the T2 values in the five parts of the knee cartilage also were not significantly different between men and women (P>0.05) . However, the thickness of the 5 parts of the knee cartilage significantly differed between men and women(P<0.05) .

CONCLUSIONSThe thickness of the knee cartilage may different between male and female young adults. The T2 values of the cartilage may be not affected by the gender.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Cartilage, Articular ; anatomy & histology ; Female ; Humans ; Knee Joint ; anatomy & histology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Sex Factors ; Young Adult