Objective:To evaluate the value of CT findings in the diagnosis of laryngeal carcinoma infiltration extent.Method:The data of comparison of CT findings and clinico-pathologic stages on 61 patients with laryngeal carcinoma were analyzed from 1995 to 1999.There were 58 males and 3 females ,ranging in age from 37 to 83 years old which stages were T1N0M0 in 11,T2N0M0 in 21,T2N1M0 in 9,T2N2M0 in 1,T2N3M0 in 1,T3N0M0 in 10,T3N1M0 in 2,T4N0M0 in 4 and T4N1M0 in 2,respectively.And the supraglottic cancer was 11(18.0%,11/61),glottic cancer 47(77.1%,47/61),transglottic cancer 3(4.9%,3/61),respectively.The CT examination and surgical treatment were made in all 61 patients.Results:The correct rate at CT findings was 91.8%(56/61),and the accurate rate of clinical stage was 73.8%(45/61).These results showed different significance (P＜0.05).Conclusion:The CT findings showed valuable in the diagnosis to infiltration extent of laryngeal carcinoma and clinical significance for surgical treatment of patients with laryngeal carcinoma.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of fissure for ligamentum teres hepatic (LTH) approach in hepatectomy.Methods The method of cross-sectional study was adopted.The clinical data of the 85 patients undergoing hepatectomy through fissure for LTH approach who were admitted to the West China Hospital of Sichuan University from February 2009 to December 2013 were collected.Among all the 85 cases, there were 61 of hepatocellular carcinoma, 12 of intrahepatic bile duct stones, 6 of bile duct cellular carcinoma and 6 of metastatic hepatic carcinoma.The operations involved dissecting fissure for LTH, dealing with portal vein, hepatic artery and bile duct inside the fissure, lowering the hepatic portal, mutilating hepatic parenchyma, and undergoing the hepatic left lateral lobectomy, left hemihepatectomy, mesohepatectomy, hepatic left and/or right trisegmentectomy.Operation method, operation time, volume of intraoperative blood loss, intraoperative blood transfusion, postoperative drainage-tube removal time and complications were recorded.The follow-up including recurrence and metastasis of tumor and survival of patients was conducted by outpatient examination and telephone interview up to August 2015.Measurement data with normal distribution were presented as (x) ± s.Measurement data with skewed distribution were presented as M (range).The survival rate was caculated by Kaplan-Meier method.Results The 85 cases of hepatectomy were successfully completed through fissure for LTH approach, including 19 cases of hepatic left lateral lobectomy (9 with hepatocellular carcinoma, 6 with intrahepatic bile duct stones, 1 with bile duct cellular carcinoma, 3 with metastatic hepatic carcinoma), 20 cases of left hemihepatectomy (8 with hepatocellular carcinoma, 5 with intrahepatic bile duet stones, 4 with bile duct cellular carcinoma, 3 with metastatic hepatic carcinoma), 5 cases of left hemihepatectomy + caudate lobectomy (3 with hepatocellular carcinoma, 1 with intrahepatic bile duct stones, 1 with bile duct cellular carcinoma), 14 cases of meso-hepatectomy (14 with hepatocellular carcinoma) and 27 cases of hepatic left and/or right trisegmentectomy due to hepatocellular carcinoma (15 of hepatic left trisegmentectomy and 12 of hepatic right trisegmentectomy).No perioperative death occurred.The median operation time was 280 minutes (range, 95-430 minutes).The median volume of intraoperative blood loss was 450 mL (range, 200-3 200 mL).There were 18 cases of intraoperative blood infusion.The postoperative peritoneal drainage-tube removal time was 3 days (range, 2-5 days).Eleven patients with postoperative complications recovered after symptomatic conservative treatment, including 6 with lung infection, 4 with peritoneal effusion and 1 with abdominal infection.There was no case of intra-abdominal bleeding, bile leakage or hepatic failure.No patient died within 1 month after operation.Seventy-nine patients were followed up for a median time of 38 months (range, 18-53 months) with a follow-up rate of 92.9％ (79/85).The 1-year overall survival rate and l-year disease-free survival rate were 79.0％ and 65.0％, and the 3-year overall survival rate and 3-year disease-free survival rate were 56.0％ and 34.0％, respectively.Conclusion Hepatectomy through fissure for LTH approach is safe, effective and easily operable, with a good short-term outcome.

Objective:To investigate the effects of nitric oxide(NO) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the experimental abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) rat model.Methods:An intra-aortic elastase infusion model was used.Control rats received intra-aortic saline infusion.In the remaining groups,intra-aortic elastase infusion was used to induce aneurysm formation.These rats were treated with intraperitoneal injections of saline postoperatively(experimental group),aminoguanidine postoperatively(medicine group).Serum NO and aortic diameter were measured,Changes of histology,iNOS and MMP-9 were observed in the aortic wall.Results:Experimental group produced AAAs with significant production of iNOS,MMPs and serum NO compared with controls.In medicine group reduced aneurysm size and displayed suppression of MMPs expression,inflammatory infiltrates and serum NO production were detected.Conclusion:Expression of iNOS and MMP-9 are induced and serum NO levels are increased in experimental AAA,iNOS and NO production by iNOS play an important role with detrimental effects during experimental aneurysm development.

Objective To explore the effects of long-term Tai Ji exercise on risk factors of cardiovascular diseases and incidence of chronic diseases. Methods The elderly involved were divided into control group (n=62) and Tai Ji group (n=63). Both of them received 2-years health education. The Tai Ji group exercised with the frequency of 30~40 minutes each time, 3 times a week, while the control group didn't change their daily behavior. They were observed 2 and 6 years later. Results 2 years later, the blood pressure, weight and waistline decreased in Tai Ji group compared with the control group (P<0.05). After 6 years followed, 1 people died and 4 people occured cardiovascular diseases in Tai Ji group, while 2 people died and 12 people occured cardiovascular diseases in the control group. The incidence of chronic diseases was lower in Tai Ji group (9.52%) than in the control group (33.87%) (P<0.01). And the blood pressure, waistline, and hipline in Tai Ji group decreased significantly compared with the control group (P<0.001). Conclusion Long-term Tai Ji Exercise can ameliorate the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases and reduce the incidence of chronic diseases.

The efficacy and safety of uric-acid-lowering therapy (UALT) on slowing the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) accompanied by hyperuricemia were assessed. We searched Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMbase, CNKI, Wanfang and Vip databases up to November 15, 2012 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) which compared the effect of UALT to control therapy in hyperuricemic patients secondary to CKD, and then performed quality evaluation and meta-analysis on the included studies. Seven RCTs involving 451 cases were included. UALT delayed the increase of serum creatinine (MD=-62.55 μmol/L, 95% CI: -98.10 to -26.99) and blood urea nitrogen (MD= -6.15 mmol/L, 95% CI: -8.17 to -4.13) as well as the decrease of glomerular filtration rate [MD=5.65 mL/(min·1.73 m2), 95% CI: 1.88 to 9.41], decreased systolic blood pressure (SBP) (MD= -6.08 mmHg, 95% CI: -11.67 to -0.49), and reduced the risk of the renal disease progression (RR=0.30, 95% CI: 0.19 to 0.46). However, there was no statistically significant difference in 24-h urinary protein quantity and diastolic blood pressure (P>0.05). We identified that UALT could delay the progression of CKD with secondary hyperuricemia. And this also indirectly proved that hyperuricemia was a risk factor for the CKD progression.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of emodin combined gemcitabine (E&G) on human pancreatic cancer cell line BxPC-3 in vitro.

METHODSBxPC-3 cells were treated with emodin alone in different concentrations (0, 10, 20, 40, 80, and 160 micromol/L, respectively) for 24, 48, and 72 h, and E&G (emodin 40 micromol/L + gemcitabine 20 micromol/L) for 72 h. The inhibition on BxPC-3 cell proliferation was detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and the cell apoptosis of BxPC-3 was determined using flow cytometry.

RESULTSEmodin obviously suppressed the proliferation of BxPC-3 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The survival rates of BxPC-3 cells by 40 micromol/L emodin for 24, 48, and 72 h were 79. 39%, 46. 35%, and 45. 44%, respectively, while the survival rate of BxPC-3 cells acted by 72-h E&G was only 26. 62%, showing significant difference from that by gemcitabine alone (42.78%) and the emodin alone (47.18%). The early apoptotic ratio of BxPC-3 cells induced by 24 h emodin (40 micromol/L) and gemcitabine (20 micromol/L) were 4.70% +/- 1.54% and 11.20% +/- 1.41% respectively, while early apoptotic ratio of BxPC-3 cells induced by E&G was 20.60% +/-3.23%, showing significant difference from that induced by emodin or gemcitabine alone (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSEmodin could significantly inhibit BxPC-3 cell growth. It could act synergistically with gemcitabine to inhibit the tumor proliferation of BxPC-3 cells. Its synergistic action was achieved mainly through inducing pancreatic cancer cell apoptosis.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Deoxycytidine ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Emodin ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; pathology

Objective: To investigate the long-term effect of submandibular salivary gland transfer on xerostomia induced by radiation in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods: A total of 70 eligible patients with NPC were divided into the test group (36 cases) and the control group (34 cases). In the test group, the submandibular salivary glands were transferred to the submental space before conventional radiotherapy (XRT) and shielded during XRT. Submandibular gland function and salivary fluid before and after radiotherapy, questionnaire of xerostomia at 60 months after XRT, and 5-year survival rate were compared between the two groups. Results: At 5 years after XRT, the trapping and excretion function of submandibular glands were significantly better in the test group (P=0.000 and P=0.000, respectively). The mean weight of saliva after XRT was greater in the test group than in the control group (1.65gvs.0.73g, P=0.000). Incidence of moderate to severe degree of xerostomia was significantly lower in the test group than in the control group (12.9%vs.78.6%, P=0.000). No significant difference was found in 5 year survival rate between the two groups (86.1%vs.82.4%, P＞0.05). Conclusion: Submandibular gland transfer procedure is safe for NPC patients. It can prevent XRT induced xerostomia and improve the quality of life of NPC patients.

Aim To investigate the age-related changes of TrkB mRNA in hippocampal formation of aged rats,and the effects of ginsenosides(GS),and provide reliable experimental evidence for anti-aging.Methods 24 Wistar female rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: Young,aged and GS group(fed with GS from 17 to 27 months).In situ hybridization(ISH) method was applied into qualifying and quantitating the TrkB mRNA expression in hippocampal formation.Results TrkB mRNA expression in aged CA3,CA1 and dentate gyrus decreased by 24.2%,13.4% and 50.6%(P

Objective To explore the methods and the effect of the surgical treatment of patients with chronic ischemia of extremities.Methods In recent 6 years,the clinical data of 75 patients,including 7 upper(extremities) and 71 lower extremities with chronic ischemia,treated surgically were reviewed retrospectively.The surgical treatment included: traditional operation in 65 cases,interventional surgery in 4 cases and stem cell transplantation in 6 cases.Results Sixty-three patients(66 extremities) were followed up from 2 to 56 months after the surgical treatment,and the result showed that 9 extremities of 8 patients were amputated(within) 1 year(13.6%).In the other cases(83.3%),the ischemic symptoms were relieved or(disappeared),the ulcer healed or the amputating level had lowered(3.0%).The effective rate of the surgical treatment was 86.3%.Conclusions The appropriate surgical treatment of chronic ischemia limbs should be choiced based on the ischemic state of the limb,and a satisfactory result can be obtained in most patients.

Objective To investigate the probability of assessment of hepatic fibrosis for liver transplantation using model for end-stage liver disease(MELD) by comparing the correlation of MELD score with Ishak pathological grading method. Methods Fifty-eight patients who underwent liver transplantation because of end-stage liver disease from February 2006 to September 2006 were performed quantitative hepatic fibrosis evaluation using computer-assisted digital image analysis. Pathological diagnosis according to the Ishak modified score was also performed. MELD scores were calculated using the original formula based on the clinical examination data collected on the admission days. The correlations among the image analysis method, Ishak grading and MELD scoring method were analyzed using the Spearman's rank correlation analysis. The linear relationship between the MELD scores and the degree of hepatic fibrosis shown from linear regression analysis was used to define the reference criterion. Results The hepatic fibrosis area ratios of the 58 patients were between 23.2 % and 88.4 % with average of 56.7% by computer-assisted digital image analysis. The MELD scores on the admission clays were between 11 and 38 with average of 22.85±9.32. The semi-quantitative Ishak classification showed that there were 0, 2, 7, 12, 18, 12, and 7 cases in each of the 7 grades respectively, the higher the grade the higher the hepatic fibrosis area ratio and the higher the MELD scores. Spearman rank correlation test indicated that there was significant correlation among these three methods(P ＜ 0.01). Linear regression analysis showed that there was a linear relationship between the MELD scores and the degree of hepatic fibrosis. Conclusions Computer-assisted digital image analysis can evaluate objectively the hepatic fibrosis degree and it is significantly correlated to the MELD system. Hepatic fibrosis degree can be evaluated by MELD scores.