Animals ; Birds ; China ; Hong Kong ; Humans ; Influenza A virus ; classification ; pathogenicity ; Influenza in Birds ; complications ; prevention & control ; Influenza, Human ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Prognosis ; World Health Organization

China ; Hong Kong ; Humans ; SARS Virus ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ; etiology ; prevention & control ; therapy

Animals ; Birds ; Humans ; Influenza A virus ; classification ; pathogenicity ; Influenza in Birds ; complications ; prevention & control ; virology ; Influenza, Human ; etiology ; prevention & control

Genotype ; Humans ; Streptococcal Infections ; diagnosis ; microbiology ; Streptococcus agalactiae ; genetics

Objective Observe the results and reality of the peripheral nerve stimulator in the obtu- rator nerve block in TURBt.Methods 18 cases received the peripheral nerve stimulator in obturator nerve block before TURBt.Results In 17cases obturator nerve reflection vanished;lcase had a little symptom of adductor spasm.Conclusion Obturator nerve block with the help of the nerve stimulator can increase the achievement and quality of obturator nerve block and avoid some complications caused by obturator nerve re- flection in TURBt,such as perforation of bladder and injury of nerve and vessel.

No abstract available.
Salivary Glands*

Objective To evaluate the safety and clinical efficacy of photoselective vaporization of the prostate(PVP)for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH).Methods Under caudal block,650 patients with BPH received PVP.By using the pointer,vaporization was started at the 6 o'clock point at the bladder neck and then extended to the 5 and 7 o'clock points,afterwards,the bilateral lobes of the prostate was involved deep into the prostate capsule.Results Five of the cases(8%)were converted to open surgeries because of large prostate or massive hemorrhage.In the other 645 cases,the mean operation time was(45.6?17.3)min,mean blood loss was(56.3?15.2)ml;none of them received blood transfusion.Urethral catheter was indwelled for(1.8?0.5)d after the operation in 504 cases.All the patients were followed up for 3 to 36 months.Three months after the operation,the IPSS and QOL decreased from(29.8?5.2)and(5.2?0.8)to(8.4?2.3)and(1.4?0.5)respectively in the patients(t=37.635,P=0.000 and t=39.084,P=0.000),RUV decreased from(168.0?22.5)ml to(24.6?5.8)ml(t=42.281,P=0.000),Qmax increased from(5.6?2.8)ml/s to(24.7?3.2)ml/s(t=-28.430,P=0.000),respectively.No urinary incontinence and TUR syndrome occurred in this series.Conclusions PVP,which can yield short operation time,little blood loss,and rapid relief,is safe,simple,and effective for patients with BPH,especially for elder patients.

Objective To evaluate the clinical outcome of lumbar spinal canal stenosis treated by microen-descopic discectomy. Methods The rear guard intervertebral discoscope was used to carry on unilateral or-bilateral "windowing" to relieve the dura mater spinalis and the nerve root oppression thoroughly. The "C" ann machine or laferal side photography position X was used for localization. Approximately 1.5 cm incision was made under local anesthesia or under the shallow epidural anaesthesia at posterior waist, the pathway tube was implanted after progressive expansion, part of lamina of vertebra was removed by drill, endoscope was inserted under the television surveillance to reveal removed lamina of verfebra, the proliferated cohesed articular process, the plump yellow ligament flava and the bulging intervertebral disc nucleus pulposus tis-sues, the nerve root canal was depressed, to relieve thoroughly its oppression, dura mater and nerve root. Results The follow-up continued from 5 months to 36 months. The evaluation with Nakai scale revealed ex-cellent in 168 cases, good in 9 cases, fair in 6 cases. The rate of good results was 96.7%. Conclusions Totally 183 cases were treated with this procedure posterior microendoscropie discectomy shows minimal inva-sion, less blood loss and quick recovery. The stability of lumbar spine can be reserved. It is safe and effec-tive for treating lumbar disc herniation complicated with spinal stenesis.

Objective To study the application of native pelvis and ureter in kidney transplantation. Methods Between 1977 and 2001, 1 364 kidney transplantations were performed in our institution. 18 cases of ureteral complication after kidney transplantation were treated with native pelvis and ureter. The mean age of the patients was 42 years. In 10 patients with urine leakage, 3 cases underwent pyeloureterostomy using native ureter, 2 cases ureteroureterostomy using native ureter and 5 cases pyelopyelostomy using native pelvis. Five cases due to short ureter underwent ureteroureterostomy using native ureter. Three cases of ureteral stenosis were subjected to ureteroureterostomy using native ureter.Results Two grafts were rejected. Sixteen patients developed a normal function of kidney postoperatively (follow up: 3 months to 8 years). Conclusion Application of native pelvis and ureter might be a therapy of choice when secondary reconstruction by re-ureteroneocystostomy is not possible.

Child ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Humans ; Pneumococcal Infections ; drug therapy ; prevention & control ; Pneumococcal Vaccines ; immunology