Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Humeral Fractures ; complications ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radiography ; Shoulder Dislocation ; diagnostic imaging ; etiology ; therapy

Child ; Hodgkin Disease ; therapy ; Humans

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are important components in Chinese medicine industry. However, the lack of big brand is becoming an urgent problem which is critical to the survival of SMEs. This article discusses the concept and traits of Chinese medicine of big brand, from clinical, scientific and market value three aspects. Guided by market value, highlighting clinical value, aiming at the scientific value improvement of big brand cultivation, we put forward the key points in cultivation, aiming at obtaining branded Chinese medicine with widely recognized efficacy, good quality control system and mechanism well explained and meanwhile which can bring innovation improvement to theory of Chinese medicine. According to the characters of SMEs, we hold a view that to build multidisciplinary research union could be considered as basic path, and then, from top-level design, skill upgrading and application three stages to probe the implementation strategy.
China ; Drug Industry ; economics ; standards ; trends ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; economics ; standards ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; economics ; standards ; trends ; Plants, Medicinal ; growth & development ; Quality Control

Gaucher Disease ; Humans

Child ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Follicular ; diagnosis ; therapy

To understand the kinds and the characteristics of combination of traditional Chinese medicines and western medicines using on adults with type 1 diabetes in general hospitals,This research brings into 4 602 hospitalized adult patients with type 1 diabetes from hospital information system (HIS) of 13 third class A hospitals. These research objects were hospitalized in December 2003-July 2011. The research analyzes the operating frequency and associated usage of western medicines and traditional Chinese medicines by the method of frequency statistics and association rules. Through the analysis, the research says that in the clinical treatment of adult patients with type 1 diabetes, the western medicine used most frequently is insulin, a total of 1 539 cases, accounted for 8.47%; the traditional Chinese medicine used most frequently is oral agents of pseudo-ginseng, a total of 183 cases, accounting for 6.25%; the combinations of Chinese and western medicines commonly used include Huoxue Huayu Tongmai Shuluo decoction + vasodilator, support degree is 45.93%, followed by Huoxue Huayu Tongmai Shuluo decoction + vasodilator + hypoglycemic drugs, support degree is 45.50%; Huoxue Huayu Tongmai Shuluo decoction + vasodilator + nutritional agent, support degree is 36.29%.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Electronic Health Records ; Female ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Insulin ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Panax

Aim To study the expression of caspase-12 mRNA and protein following focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats,and explore the effect of endoplasmic reticulum pathway on neuronal apoptosis.Methods 60 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham-operated group and ischemic group.The middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)models were established by using the intraluminal suture occlusion method,neuronal apoptosis was detected by TUNEL staining,the expression of caspase-12 protein was detected by immunohistochemical staining,the expression of caspase-12 mRNA was detected by RT-PCR method.Results In ischemic group,the number of apoptotic cells and the expression of caspase-12 mRNA and protein were gradually increased following prolonged cerebral reperfusion,reached the peak at 24 h.The number of apoptotic cells and the expression of caspase-12 mRNA and protein in ischemic group were significantly less than those of sham-operated group at all times(P

AIM: To investigate the efficacy of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and taurine (Tau) in preventing hyperoxia-induced the lens opacification and the changes of biochemical parameters on organ cultured rabbit lenses.METHODS: Twenty-four lenses from adult rabbits were divided into the control group, the hyperoxia-exposed group, the hyperoxia-exposed group containing 20mmol/L of NAC, the hyperoxia-exposed group containing 80mmol/L of Tau, respectively. The treated groups incubated with hyperoxia ( pO2>80%) for 4 hours per day throughout a 7-day period. Lens transparency, histology and enzymatic activities measurements were determined after this incubation.RESULTS: Gross morphological examination of these lenses revealed some severe cortical opacification in the hyperoxia-exposed group, moderate cortical opacification in the control group and the Tau treated group. There was minimal cortical opacification in the NAC treated group. The glutathione (GSH) content and the activity of Na, K-ATPase were significantly decreased in the hyperoxia-exposed group than that of the control group, by 37.8% (P<0.05) and 53.5% (P<0.05), respectively. However, they were increased in the two treated groups, especially in the NAC treated group. There were no significant differences in the water-soluble protein content and the catalase and GSH reductase activities in all group lenses.CONCLUSION: Hyperoxia can induce the cortical opaci-fication in the lens. The role of NAC in the prevention of hyperoxia-induced cataract is superior to Tau.

AIM: To investigate the repair mechanism associated with cholesterol synthesis regulated by silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) in rat model of optic nerve damage.METHODS: Preparation of optic nerve damage in 70 rats was randomly divided into normal group (10 rats), resveratrol treatment group ( experimental group 30 rats) and PBS buffer control group ( 30 rats ) . The experimental group and control group was further divided into 3 subgroups ( each group 10 rats ) , respectively. After 7, 14, 21d injected resveratrol or PBS, optic nerve injury were observed, then the rats were sacrificed. Retina was segregated; the surviving retinal ganglion cell ( RGCs ) was counted. Dissection of optic nerve, cholesterol content of them were tested; RT-PCR was used to detect mRNA expression of SIRT1, SREBP2 and HMGCR; Western blot assay was used to test the protein expression levels of SIRT1, cholesterol regulatory element binding protein 2 (SREBP2) and HMGCR.
RESULTS:The numbers of RGCs and cholesterol levels of rat model with optic nerve injury decreased significantly (P<0. 01). The mRNA and protein expression levels of SIRT1, SREBP2 and HMGCR were all decreased in a time-dependent manner (P<0. 05). Three components of the three time points, with time injuries were aggravated, and the extent of damage was significantly reduced in the treatment group compared with the control group. But in resveratrol treatment group, the cholesterol levels and mRNA or protein expression of SIRT1, SREBP2, HMGCR in optic nerve were significantly restored in a time-dependent ( P<0.05 ) . The number of surviving RGCs restored significantly in resveratrol treatment group (P<0. 01) in a time-dependent manner.
CONCLUSION:Up-regulating the expression of SIRT1, SREBP2 and down- regulating HMGCR by resveratrol could repair the injury of optic nerve through promoting the synthesis of cholesterol in neurons and retinal ganglion cells in the repair process. SIRT1 may be as a promising new target for treatment on optic nerve damage.

AIM:To investigate the changes of visual development produced by monocular atropinization in rats.
METHODS: Twenty normal SD rats were randomly divided into two groups: control group ( n = 10 ) and atropinization ( experimental) group ( n=10 ) . All the left eyes were selected as the experimental eyes, and the right eyes served as the normal eyes. The left eyes in atropinization group was produced by 1% atropine, 3 times a day and the right eyes in control group was treated with normal saline, 3 times a day. The flash visual evoked potentials ( F-VEP ) and retinoscopy refraction of the rats'both eyes were detected at five time points:0, 7, 14, 21, and 28d after atropinization, respectively. After 28d, six rats were randomly selected from both groups and each group had three rats. The expression of the c- fos mRNA was observed in both visual cortexes. Another six rats were chosen for the same test after 2d dark environment with 2h light later. The expression of c-fos mRNA was detected again.
RESULTS: After 14d anisometropia was observed in experimental group, the difference was 3. 9D ( P<
0.0 5 ) , F-VEP P1 wave of the rats left in experimental group was reached to 88. 9±1. 889ms at 21d, there was statistical difference compared with the right eye ( P<0.05). After 28d, c-fos mRNA expression in the left visual cortex of rats in the experimental group was higher than that of the right side, but there was no significant difference. But when underwent 2h light stimulation after in the darkroom 2d, the c-fos mRNA expression in in the left visual cortex of rats in the experimental group was 5 times higher than that of the right side, there was a statistically significant difference (P<0. 05).
CONCLUSION: In the critical period of visual development, monocular chronic atropine in rats can form anisometropia, may delay the transmission of the optic nerve, hinder the normal development of the visual cortex. Monocular atropinization in rats can be used as the model of anisometropia.