Objective To investigate the relationship between the posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) and the diabetic macular edema (DME). Methods A total of 169 eyes with DME which were diagnosed by funduscopy,fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) were retrospectively analysed. PVD and partial PVD were detected by OCT and biomicroscopy. The characterizations of OCT images of DME were analysed. Results In 169 eyes, 156 (92.3%) had no PVD with the average thickness of fovea of 297 ?m; 11 (6.5%) had complete PVD with the average thickness of fovea of 229 ?m; 2 (1.2%) had partial PVD with the average thickness of fovea of 347 ?m. Conclusions Only a few PVD were found in DME eyes, so traction of PVD may not be the main cause of DME.

Objective To investigate the course of the idiopathic macular hole (IMH) clinically diagnosed as at stage Ⅰ-Ⅳ by optical coherence tomography (OCT), and analyze the relationship between the posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) and the course of IMH. Methods Hadn′t undergone any operation, periodical OCT were performed on 72 eyes of 58 patients with IMH at stage Ⅰ-Ⅳ confirmed by Gass standard and the features of OCT images. Results The longest follow-up period was 43 months (average 13.4 months), and the examine times of OCT on each eye were between twice to 10 times (average 4.7 times). During the follow-up period, 23 eyes were in stage I in which 9 (39.1%) developed to stage II and 2 had recovered normal curve of fovea after PVD; 19 were in stage II in which 13 (68.4%) developed to Ⅲ-Ⅳ and 1 had closed hole after PVD; 11 were in stage III in which 5 (45.5%) developed to stage IV and 1 had partly closed hole 12 months later. The images of OCT showed that the process of macular hole was consistent with the course that vitreous depart from retina from the circumference of fovea till entire posterior detachment.Fifteen affected eyes in this series of patients had undcrygong surgical treatment due to serious progression of IMH in follow-up period. Conclusions There is a close relationship between the formation and development of macular hole and the occurrence of PVD. OCT can show the progress of the macular hole directly and offer an important technique in diagnosis, classification and surgical treatment of IMH.

Brain ; Choristoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein ; metabolism ; Humans ; Infant ; Neurofilament Proteins ; metabolism ; Orbit ; pathology ; surgery ; Orbital Diseases ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery

Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Haemophilus Infections ; epidemiology ; immunology ; microbiology ; prevention & control ; Haemophilus influenzae type b ; immunology ; Humans ; Vaccination

[Objective]To evaluate the methods of operation and clinic effective of thoracolumbar spinal tuberculosis with paraplegia.[Method]Thirty cases of thoracolumbac spinal tuberculosis with paraplegia had been treated with primary anterior debridement,decompression of spinal cord,interbody graft bone,and interbody fixation,anti-tuberculosis drug was taken at 18 monthes ofter the operation.[Result]Thirty cases were followed-up for an overage of 19 months and were healed,in which 2 cases recurrence,29 cases spinal fusion of graft bone,12? of kyphosis correction had been gained,the neuropathic fuction had gained improvement excellently(90%).[Conclusion]It had gained good outcome that operation of the primary anterior debridement decompression of spinal cand interbody graft bone and interbody fixation to treat thoracolumbac spinal tuberculosis with pacaplegia.

Objective To investigate the technique of drain air, cryotherapy, and explant (DACE) of operation for superior bullous retinal detachment (SBRD). Methods In the DACE procedure, drainage and air or balanced salt soultion (BSS) injection were carried out first, with the intention of flattening the retina before localization of retinal hole, cryotherapy out of choroid and scleral buckling. Results In 42 SBRD eyes, 40 underwent the operation with DACE technique. In 23 eyes injected with BSS instead of air, 5 should be injected air due to no avail for flattening deeply retinal detachment, and 1 needed scleral buckling due to new retinal tear after DACE procedure two weeks. During the follow up, all retinae attached. Conclusions The DACE technique is very useful and effective in upper ballooned retinal detachment due to single hole or breaks localized in small area between the 10 and 2 o′clock meridiant. BSS instead of air injection can eliminate the difficulty of observation of retinal breaks from the presence of air in some cases.

Objective To investigate the expression of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI-3K)in adipose tissue of polycystic ovary syndrome patients(PCOS),and explore molecular mechanisms of insulin resistance(IR)in PCOS.Methods Samples from patients with PCOS with IR(n=19),PCOS without IR (n=10)and controls(n=15)were collected.Serum fasting insulin(FIN)and fasting plasma glucose (FPG)were measure& Insulin resistance index was calculated using homeostasis model assessment (HOMA)to analyze the relationship between these markers and IR.Western blot technique was used to detect the PI-3K p85 subunit.Gene expression of PI-3K p85 subunit was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)method.Kinase activity was detected by immunoprecipitation,thin- layer chromatography and gamma scintillation counting.Results(1)The levels of FIN[(25.2?3.8) mU/L]and HOMA-IR(1.6?0.3)in PCOS with IR were significantly higher than those in PCOS without IR[(13.4 +3.8)mU/L,0.9?0.3]and controls[(9.5 +2.6)mU/L,0.5?0.3;all P＜0.05).(2) There was no significant difference in the protein(0.65?0.10)and gene expression(0.92?0.12)of PI-3 K p85 subunit in PCOS with IR compared with PCOS without IR(0.72?0.10,1.01?0.10)and control groups(0.73?0.14,1.00?0.12;P＞0.05).(3)PI-3K activity in PCOS with IR(81%)and PCOS without IR(89%)was significantly decreased(P＜0.01,P＜0.05)and negatively correlated with HOMA- IR(r=-0.69,P＜0.01;r=-0.62,P＜0.05).Conclusions No significant difference in the protein and gene expression of PI-3K p85 subunit in PCOS with IR is found.The decreased PI-3K activity may lead to IR of PCOS.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Diseases ; epidemiology ; Young Adult

Antineoplastic Agents ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Cladribine ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Leukemia, Hairy Cell ; drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged

Objective To investigate the clinical pathological characteristics and pattern changes of gastric polyps in the past 15 years.Methods From 1998 to 2012,the cases of gastric polyps diagnosed by gastroscopy were collected.Data of gender,age,location,number,size,Yamata type,pathological type,Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) infection were retrospectively analyzed.The data were analyzed by Chi square test.Results Among 62 975 cases received gastroscopy,gastric polyps were detected in 2 643 patients and the gastric polyps detection rate was 4.20％,which of female (5.91％,1 790/30 269) was higher than that of male (2.61％,853/32 706).And patients aged ≥60 years old has a high prevalence of gastric polyps; the detection rate was 6.39％(1 124/17 590).The positive rate of H.pylori infection in patients detected with gastric polyp was 12.70％ (321/2 527).Gastric body (40.41％,1 068/2 643) and fundus (26.79％,708/2 643) were two predilection sites of gastric polyps.About 69.05％(1 825/2 643) patients' polyps were solitary,74.76％(1 976/2 643) patients' polyps were less than 0.5 cm in diameter and mainly were Yamata type Ⅰ (30.68％,811/2 643) or type Ⅱ (54.41％,1 438/2 643).The common pathological types were hyperplastic polyps (43.80％,1 109/2 532),inflammatory polyps (34.24％,867/2 532),fundic-gland polyps (19.55％,495/2 532) and adenomatous polyps (2.41％,61/2 532).The detection rate of polyps gradually increased in the past 15 years.Between 1998 to 2002,2003 to 2007,2008 to 2012,the average of 5-year detection rates were 1.11％,2.50％ and 6.49％,respectively.However,the proportion of pathological types didn't change significantly.Conclusions The detection rate of gastric polyps gradually increased year by year,and elderly woman is at high risk.Hyperplastic and inflammatory polyps ware the most common types.