Objective Isoflurane preconditioning has been shown to protect against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion(I/R)injury.The purpose of this study was to investigate if isoflurane inhalation during reperfusion hasany protective effects.Methods Fourty-two SD rats weighing 318-365 g were randomly divided into 3 groups:sham group(n=6),control group(n=18)and isoflurane group(n=18).Control group and isoflurane groupwere further divided into 10,15 and 20 rain ischernia subgroups(subgroup A,B,C,n=6).In isoflurane group1.4% isoflurane in air was inhaled immediately after reperfusion was started for 30 min.Two days before theexperiment the animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal chloral hydrate 300 mg?kg~(-1).Microdialysis catheterwas inserter into right hippocampns using stereotactic technique and fixed.BIS microelectrodes were placed in thebrain.Vertebral arteries were permanendy occluded by electric coagulation.Bilateral common carotid arteries wereexposed and atranmatic sutures were placed around them.Globol cerebral ischemia was produced by tighteningcarotid sutures and maintained for 10,15 or 20 min(subgroup A,B,C).Cerebral iscbemia was confirmed by lossof righting reflex,dilated pupils,loss of light reflex,BIS=0 and isoelectric potential on EEG.Carotid sutureswere then released for reperfusion.Isoflurane inhalation was started right after the beginning of reperfusion andmaintained for 30 min.Neurologlc outcome was assessed by motor performance according to Combs(0-10,0=severe dysfunction,10=no dysfunction)at 24 h,48 h and 72 h of reperfusion.Microdialysis samples werecollected before during and 0-15,15-30,30-45 and 45-60 min after ischemia for determination of glutamateconcentration.Three days after ischemia the animals were sacrificed and brains were removed for microscopicexamination of hippocampns CA1 region.The number of apoptotic(TUNEL positive)neurons were counted and thepercentage(the number of TUNEL positive neurons/the total number of neurons)was calculated.Results Theglutamate content in hippocampus was significantly lower in isoflurane group than in control group duringreperfusion(P

Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Electromyography ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nervous System Diseases ; chemically induced ; diagnosis ; Organophosphate Poisoning ; Pesticides ; poisoning

Objective To investigate the effect of intraspinal grafting of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) ex vivo transgene myoblasts cells and methylprednisolone on caspase-3 expression after spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods A total of 120 experimental rats were divided into Group A (spinal cord contusion injury group), Group B (grafting of BDNF ex vivo transgene myoblasts cells group), Group C (methylprednisolone intravenous injection group) and Group D (grafting of BDNF ex vivo transgene myoblasts cells and methylprednisolone intravenous injection group). At days 1, 3, 7, 14 and 28 respectively after SCI, the expression of caspase-3 was measured immunohistochemically for quantitative analysis via a computer image analysis system. The motion functional recovery of the rats was observed by praxiologic and electrophysiologic examination. Results Positive expression cells of caspase-3 were found in all groups, with number from the highest to the lowest in order of Group A, Group B, Group C and Group D (P

Objective To investigate the effect of dexamethasone on the pulmonary gas exchange in patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement under cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB).Methods Forty ASAⅡorⅢpatients aged 29-47 yrs weighing 50-69 kg undergoing cardiac valve replacement under CPB were randomly divided into 2 groups(n=20 each):dexamethasone group received dexamethasone 0.5 mg?kg~(-1) after induction of anesthesia and control group received normal saline(NS).Blood samples were taken before operation(T_0) immediately before CPB(T_1)and immediately after discontinuation of CPB(T_2)for determination of plasma total and active matrix metallo-proteinase-9(MMP-9)concentration(by enzyme-linked immuno-absorbent and fluorometric enzyme-linked immuno-absorbent assay respectively)and MMP-9 gene expression(RT-PCR).Blood samples were taken from radial artery at T_1 and T_2 for blood gas analysis.A-aDO_2 was calculated.Results MMP-9 gene expression and plasma total and active MMP-9 concentrations were significantly increased at T_2 as compared with those at T_0 in both groups and were significantly lower in dexamethasone group than in control group(P＜0.05 or 0.01).The A-aDO_2 at T_2 was significantly smaller in dexamethasone group than in control group.Conclusion Dexamethasone can inhibit the increase in gene expression,protein synthesis and activation of MMP-9 and decrease in gas exchange across alveolar-capillary membrane caused by CPB and protect the lungs during open heart surgery performed under CPB.

Objective To explore the importance of gene diagnosis and prenatal diagnosis of spinal muscular atrophy(SMA),and improve the clinical diagnosis of SMA by analyzing the electrophysiological and gene characteristics of SMA.Methods Fifteen cases with SMA including 9 male and 6 female were enrolled in this study.The age was 5 months to 12 years.The 15 cases were subdivided into 3 clinical types,5 cases of type Ⅰ including 3 male and 2 female aging 5-18 months;7 cases of type Ⅱ including 4 males and 3 females aging 5 months-3 years;3 cases of type Ⅲ including 2 male and 1 female aging 3-12 years.They were all characterized by symmetric muscle weakness(more proximal than distal)associated with atrophy,absence or marked decrease of deep tendon reflexes,loss of voluntary movement and inability to sit or stand.The clinical characteristics and changes of electromyography(EMG)and nerve conduction velocity were assessed in all cases by using Danish Medoc Keypoint myoelectricity and evoked potentials inducer.The survival of motor neuron(SMN)gene was detected by PCR and restriction endonuclease spectrum analysis in 10 cases.Results EMG analysis found 94% patients had spontaneous potential,90% patients had increased duration of motor unit,and amplitude increased in 89% patients.Motor nerve conduction velocity was determined in 78 nerves.Motor nerve compound action potential wave amplitude decreased in 52 nerves,among them,distal latent period prolonged and motor conduction velocity reduced slightly in 36 nerves.Sensory nerve conduction velocity was determined in 45 nerves and remained normal.The SMN gene detection revealed deletion of exon 7 and 8 in 9 cases,deletion exon 7 in 1 case.The SMN gene detection in 10 patients and their parents didn't find any deletion of exon 7 and 8.Conclusions The definite diagnosis of SMA will rely on the typical clinical characteristics,changes of EMG and gene deletion analysis.Gene diagnosis of SMA lays a basis for prenatal diagnosis.

Objective To investigate induction and repair of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) sponge to endogenous neural stem cells after acute spinal cord half cut-off in rats.MethodsThe differences of proliferation and differentiation of endogenous neural stem cells were compared between injured group and intervention treatment group.ResultsThere are remarkable differences between the injured group and intervention treatment group.ConclusionbFGF and EGF sponge can enhance the proliferation and differentiation of the neural stem cells in the test animal.

OBJECTIVETo Understand the characteristics of the common complications in the gastric malignant tumor inpatients in our country, the related traditional Chinese and western medicine combined usage.

METHODBy using the method of frequency analysis and correlation, analysis the diagnostic and Prescribing information in HIS database of 20 national first-class ternary general hospital inpatients.

RESULTThe most common coexistent disease are malignant tumor in other parts, benign tumor. The most common complications are serous cavity effusion, lung infection, abnormal liver function. In other parts malignant tumor, more than 50% with advanced gastric malignancy; in other parts benign tumor, 86.00% located in the digestive and Urinary system, in the complications, digestive system diseases accounted for 23.80%; further according to the association rules of data mining, and calculate the combination scheme of the most commonly used for acid suppression drugs in combination with the centralizer and eliminate pathogenic traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).

CONCLUSIONIn the real world, most of the gastric malignant tumor disorder crowd is in the advanced stage, with lymph nodes and other parts of the transfer; and at the same time to incorporate the spleen and kidney disease in TCM zang-fu organs dialectical, should notice the reach mark early intervention, achieve the purpose of cure not ill; acid suppression hemostatic drugs combined the centralizer and eliminate pathogenic the three medicine combined treatment of Chinese traditional medicine is relevant.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Female ; Humans ; Inpatients ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Stomach Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; drug therapy

Objective To examine the neural basis of item memory and source memory with fMRI approach.Methods Eight male and eight female healthy fight-handed native Chinese speakers were involved in this study.The item memory and source memory task were conducted with 504 highly frequent Chinese double-character words in the Block-designed experiment.Participants underwent such a double- round procedure as fMRI scanning following study.The fMRI data collected from a GE 1.5T MRI system were analyzed to generate corresponding activation maps for females and males respectively(P20)using statistical parametric mapping software(SPM).Results For females,item memory task activated the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(BA6,the number of activated voxel clusters was 62 or 11 in the left and the right,respectively),source memory more activated the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(BA6/46,the number was 59).For males,item memory activated the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(BA6/46,the number was 64),source memory activated the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(BA6,9 and 40 in the left and the right).Conclusion On the neural basis of item or source memory,there exists dissociation,which is that right dorsolateral prefrontal areas are more activated by item memory while left dorsolateral prefrontal areas by source memory.For the difference of gender,it is suggested that left dorsolateral prefrontal areas(BA6/46)are more activated in females while right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(BA6/46)more in males.

Objective:To observe the effect of warm-unblocking acupuncture plus fluticasone propionate nasal spray on the pulmonary ventilation, level of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and sleep quality in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR). Methods: A total of 112 AR patients were enrolled between January 2013 and August 2018 and were divided into an observation group and a control group by the random number table method, with 56 cases in each group. Patients in the observation group received warm-unblocking acupuncture plus fluticasone propionate nasal spray, and patients in the control group only received fluticasone propionate nasal spray. The nasal symptom score, pulmonary function indexes, the levels of IFN-γ and interleukin (IL)-4 in serum, and sleep quality in the two groups were compared. Results: After treatment, the total effective rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P＜0.05). The nasal symptom score dropped in both groups after treatment (both P＜0.05), and the score in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P＜0.05). The pulmonary ventilation indexes all increased significantly after treatment in the observation group (all P＜0.05); the forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) to forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio (FEV1/FVC) and the forced expiratory flow at 50%, 75% and 25%-75% of the vital capacity (FEF50%, FEF75%, FEF25%-75%) increased after treatment in the control group (all P＜0.05); the pulmonary ventilation indexes were higher in the observation group than those in the control group (all P＜0.05). The level of IFN-γ increased significantly after treatment in the two groups (both P＜0.05) and the level of IL-4 dropped significantly (both P＜0.05); the observation group had a higher IFN-γ level (P＜0.05) and a lower IL-4 level (P＜0.05) compared with the control group. Regarding the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), the scores of subjective sleep quality, habitual sleep efficiency and sleep disturbances and the general PSQI score decreased significantly after treatment in both groups (all P＜0.05), and the scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (all P＜0.05). Conclusion: Warm-unblocking acupuncture plus fluticasone propionate nasal spray can effectively control the clinical symptoms and improve pulmonary function in the treatment of AR; this approach can regulate the levels of IFN-γ and IL-4 towards the normal range in AR patients; it can also improve patient’s sleep quality. This method can produce more significant efficacy than fluticasone propionate nasal spray used alone.

OBJECTIVETo provide a theoretical basis for designing of lumbar intervertebral disc prosthesis by collecting the data of the lumbar endplate morphology.

METHODSA total of 100 healthy adults were measured about the following parameters: lumbar lordosis, the Cobb angle of each segment, the concavity depth (ECD) of the endplate, the location of concavity apex (ECA) of the endplate. And a correlation analysis on lumbar lordosis and ECD, ECA was made, respectively.

RESULTSIn total, 100 volunteers were measured. The mean age of the volunteer was 40 years (range 20 - 50 years); the average depth of ECD was (2. 37 ± 1. 42) mm, the average location of ECA was (52. 21 ± 9. 70) %; the average depth of ECD of inferior endplate (IEP) was (2. 81 ± 1. 52) mm (0. 54 - 7. 60 mm), and the parameter of the superior endplate (SEP) was (1. 94 ± 1. 16)mm(0. 39 - 6. 10 mm). The average depth of ECD of the IEP was bigger than of the SEP for each lumbar vertebral body. Most of the location of ECA was at the back of the intervertebral body, the average location of ECA of IEP was (49. 60 ± 8. 78) % (22. 57% - 75. 58%), and the parameter of the SEP was (55. 03 ± 9. 90) % (16. 03% -75. 58%); the mean angle of lumbar lordosis was 39. 760 11. 25°(13. 8° - 72. 00°). There was no obvious correlation between the lumbar lordosis and the ECD (r -0. 193, P =0. 195), neither was the location of ECA(r =0. 080, P =0. 592).

CONCLUSIONMost of the location of ECA is at the back of the intervertebral body, the average depth of ECD is 2. 37 mm, the average location of ECA is 52. 21%.

Adult ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; anatomy & histology ; Lumbosacral Region ; anatomy & histology ; Middle Aged ; Prostheses and Implants ; Reference Standards ; Spine ; anatomy & histology ; Young Adult