ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of anatomic and non-anatomic liver resection on prognosisofpatientswithsmallhepatocellularcarcinoma( HCC ) usingaMeta-analysis.MethodsLiterature on anatomic versus non-anatomic liver resection for the treatment of small HCC ( ≤5 cm) was retrieved. ResultsFour nonrandomized controlled trials were included consisting of 776 patients:484 undergoing anatomic liver resection and 292 non-anatomic resection.The age ranged from 53.4 to 63.0 years.Male ∶ female ratio was 3.56 ∶ 1.87.1％ patients were Child-Pugh class A.Most patients (94.5％ ) had a single tumor.No significant differences were found conceming the 1,3,and 5 year disease-free survival rate between the two groups.There was no significant difference in overall survival and disease-free survival between the two groups at 1,3,and 5 years.Sensitivity analysis found anatomic resection was superior to non-anatomic resection in 3 year disease free survival rate (OR =0.72,95％ CI:0.52 - 0.99,P =0.04). ConclusionsAnatomic liver resection elevated the 3 year disease free survival rate of patients with small hepatocellular carcinoma when compared with non-anatomic hepatectomy but failed to further elevate long-term disease free survival and overall survival.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of Shiquan Dabu Tang (SDT) on growth and angiogenesis of subcutaneously implanted tumors, hepatic metastases, and incision-implanted tumors after surgical removal of primary colon tumor in mice.

OBJECTIVETo explore the analgesia of oxymatrine (OMT) affecting high voltage-dependent calcium channels (HVDCCs) and GABA release under neuropathic pain condition.

METHODSTotally 66 C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into the sham-operation group, the model group, and the OMT group, 22 in each group. Neuropathic pain models were established by partial sciatic nerve ligation (PSNL). Hind paw plantar mechanical response threshold (MWT) was measured by up-and-down method with Von-Frey filament. mRNA expression of HVDCCs in brains and spinal cords was detected with Real-time PCR and concentration of GABA was determined using ELISA kit.

RESULTSCompared with day 0, the left hind paw MWTwas decreased on day 7, 10, and 14 in the model group (P < 0.05). Compared with the sham-operation group, the left hind paw MWT was significantly reduced in the model group on day 7 (P < 0.05). The MWT of PSNL ipsilateral hind paw was decreased on day 7 before OMT administration, when compared with day 0 (P < 0.05), and increased after OMT administration (P < 0.05). Compared with the sham-operation group, mRNA levels of Cav1.2, Cav1.3, Cav2.1, and Cav2.3 in brain tissues were increased and those of Cav2.2 were decreased significantly in the model group (P < 0.05). In spinal cord tissues, mRNA levels of Cav1.2 and Cav1.3 were increased, but those of Cav2.1, Cav2.2, and Cav2. 3 were decreased significantly in the model group, when compared with those of the sham-operation group (P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, mRNA levels of Cavl.2, Cavl.3, Cav2.1, and Cav2. 3 in brain tissues were decreased, and those of Cav2.2 were increased significantly in the OMT group (P < 0.05). In spinal cord tissues of the OMT group, mRNA levels of Cav1.3 decreased and those of Cav2.1, Cav2.2, and Cav2.3 increased significantly with statistical difference, when compared with those of the model group (P < 0.05). Compared with the sham-operation group, GABA levels in brain tissues decreased in the model group (P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, GABA levels in brain tissues increased in the OMT group (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in GABA levels of spinal cord tissues among these groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSOMT had analgesic effect on neuropathic pain, which might be probably related to HVDDCs. Cav2.2 might directly affect GABA release.

Alkaloids ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Analgesia ; methods ; Animals ; Calcium ; Calcium Channels ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Neuralgia ; drug therapy ; Pain Management ; Quinolizines ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Spinal Cord ; metabolism ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid

Objective To study the epidemiological features of the endemic arsenism in Hohhot of Inner Mongolia in 2004-2006 in order to get scientific evidence for the control and prevention. Methods The historical data in Huhhot revealed that 51 arsenic villages in 3 counties(Tumotezuo,Tuoketuo and Helingeer) were investigated. When arsenic content in drinking water was 0.05-0.15 mg/L,the situation of endemic arsenism was investigated in the households having high arsenic contents of water. When arsenic content in drinking water was greater than 0.15 mg/L,the survey was conducted to investigate arsenic patients with census. Census rate was not lower than 90%. Patients of endemic amenism were diagnosed by The Standard of Diagnosis for Endemic Arsenism (WS/T 211-2001). Results A total 28 083 people were examined,3978 were determined to be patients with arsenism,including 1722 being suspicious, 1897 mild,329 secondary and 30 severe. The total incidence of arsenism was 14.17% (3978/28 083),while the incidence of suspicious,mild,secondary and severe disease was 6.13% (1722/28 083) ,6.75% (1897/28 083),1.17% (329/28 083) and 0.11% (30/28 083),respectively. Suspicious and mild patients were most frequently seen. The incidence of dyspigmentation,pigmentation,ketatoses,both dyspigmentation and pigmentation and all of skin disorders was 8.65% (2428/28 083),3.19% (895/28 083),6.48% (1821/28 083),2.13%(598/28 083) and 0.94%(265/28 083),respectively. The most seen skin disorders were dyspigmentation and ketatoses. The disease mostly occurred in those aged over 40 years,the incidence was 89.52% (3561/3978). The incidence of male [15.08%(2209/14 644)]was more than that of female[13.16%(1769/13 439)].Conclusions Current condition of arsenism in Hohhot is mild,arsenic disease surveillance should keep going. Prevention and control needs to be reinforced in the future.

Objective To compare the clinical effect of total laparoscopic and open liver resection for tumors in segments Ⅶ and Ⅷ.Methods The clinical data of patients with tumors in segments Ⅶ and Ⅷ of the liver who met the inclusion criteria and received operation at Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University from January 2011 to January 2015 were retrospectively analyzed.Among these patients, there were 17 cases who received total laparoscopic liver resection (LLR group), and 25 cases who received open liver resection (OLR group).Results LLR group has obvious advantages in aspects of the level of serum alanine transaminase (ALT) on 1st and 3rd day postoperation, the time anal exsufflation, the drainage volume of abdominal cavity in 3 days after operation and the postoperative hospital stay than those in OLR group (respectively t =-3.075,-3.175,-2.499,-2.088,-2.419, all P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences in blood transfusion rate, the resection margin to the tumor, the postoperative morbidity and the total medical cost between the two groups (x2 =1.437, t =-1.244, x2 =0.209, t =1.079, all P ＞ 0.05).Though the mean operative time and intraoperative blood loss of LLR group compared with OLR group increased obviously (respectively t =3.360, 2.189, all P ＜ 0.05).During the postoperative follow-up, there were no significant differences in the postoperative recurrence rate and the long-term survival rate in patients with malignant tumors (respectively x2 =0.240, 0.000, all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The therapeutic effect of total laparoscopic and open liver resection are equal in segments Ⅷ and Ⅷ hepatectomy, while, LLR has advantages of less trauma.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the feasibility of using cartilage link protein of hyaluronic acid (HA-CLP) for defining the tumor boundary in a mouse model of lung carcinoma.

METHODSLung carcinoma was induced in KM mice by chemical carcinogenesis. HA-CLP separated from bovine cartilage and purified by affinity chromatography was labeled with (125)I for autoradiography. Immunohistochemical analysis and Western blotting were used to examine the efficiency of HA-CLP in defining the boundaries of the lung tumors.

RESULTSWith autoradiography, the clearest image of lung cancer was obtained at 2 h. With immunohistochemical method, the tumor boundary was the most clearly displayed at 2 h when the strongest signals of HA-CLP was detected; Western blotting also showed the clearest bands of HA-CLP at 2 h.

CONCLUSIONHA-CLP has the immunogenicity of HABP, and can efficiently indicate lung tumor boundary in autoradiography and immunohistochemistry.

Animals ; Autoradiography ; methods ; Extracellular Matrix Proteins ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Female ; Hyaluronic Acid ; metabolism ; Immunohistochemistry ; Iodine Radioisotopes ; Lung Neoplasms ; radiotherapy ; Male ; Mice ; Proteoglycans ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Radiotherapy, Image-Guided ; methods

OBJECTIVETo explore optimal choice of surgical treatment and operative approach for closed complex tibial plateau fractures and its influencing factors.

METHODSFrom January 2003 to January 2011, 95 patients with closed complex tibial plateau fractures were estimated Schatzker V and Vl, and treated with three different surgical methods. The methods included single plate through anterolateral incision (Group A, 22 cases), double plates through inside and outside incisions (Group B, 36 cases), and double plates through antero-midline incisions (Group C, 37 cases). There were 56 males and 39 females, ranged the age from 19 to 57 years (averaged, 36.3 years), 50 cases in left, 45 cases in right. According to Schatzker classification, 51 cases were type V, 44 cases were VI. The data of operation time, intraoperative blood loss, complications (infectious of wound, necrosis, bad incision, collapse fracture, loosen of internal fixation, fracture failure)and recovery of function of lower limb joint were collected.

RESULTSThere were no significant difference among three groups in operation time (P > 0.05); blood loss in group A was obvious better than other groups (P < 0.05); collapse of joint surface and failure rate of internal fixation in group A was higher than other groups (P > 0.05); Merchant score after 1 year were higher in group B, C than group A. For lower limb function, 10 cases got excellent results, 5 good, 4 fair and 3 poor in group A; 21 cases got excellent results, 11 good, 3 fair and 1 poor in group B; 23 cases got excellent results, 11 good,2 fair and 1 poor in group C.

CONCLUSIONThe blood loss in group A was least, but fracture exposure and joint surface was not satisfactory, and stable fixation could not be achieved, the long-term result was not good. For fractures with double condyles and dislocated involved, double plates through inside and outside incisions or double plates through antero-midline incisions was suggested,which benefit good reduction of joint surface, stable fixation, and erlier exercise.

Adult ; Bone Plates ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Fracture Fixation ; adverse effects ; methods ; Fractures, Closed ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tibial Fractures ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effects of Chlamydia pneumoniae infection on oxidative stress and the development of atherosclerosis in C57BL/6J mice.

METHODSForty-eight C57BL/6J mice were divided into 4 groups including infection of CP and cholesterol diet, cholesterol diet, infection of CP and control. Atherosclerotic lesions were measured in the aortic root at 40 weeks after the primary infection. Production of superoxide was measured by lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence response and evaluated in situ with laser scanning confocal microscope.

RESULTSInfected mice fed with an atherogenic diet developed significantly larger lesion areas compared with the single atherogenic diet mice (135 249 +/- 43 748 microm2 vs. 96 378 +/- 30 945 microm2, P < 0.05). Superoxide generation was higher in aortic arches of the infected mice or atherogenic diet mice compared with the control mice (1974.25 +/- 650.49, 701.00 +/- 105.16, 455.62 +/- 77.54 counts.mg(-1).min(-1) vs. 142.25 +/- 31.82 counts.mg(-1).min(-1), respectively, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONChlamydia pneumoniae infection accelerates atherosclerotic lesion development in diet-induced hypercholesterolemic mice. Generation of reactive oxygen species may contribute to atherosclerotic development by Chlamydia pneumoniae infection.

Animals ; Antibodies, Bacterial ; blood ; Atherosclerosis ; etiology ; Chlamydia Infections ; complications ; metabolism ; Chlamydophila pneumoniae ; immunology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Oxidative Stress ; Superoxides ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo assess the feasibility of interstitial magnetic resonance lymphangiography (IMRL) with intracutaneous injection of gadobenate dimeglumine--a commercially available, non-ionic, extracellular paramagnetic contrast agent.

METHODSWe studied 10 patients with lower extremity lymphedema. A mixture of 7.5 ml gadobenate dimeglumine and 0.5 ml 2% lidocaine were evenly subdivided into 8 portions and injected intracutaneously into each web space of both feet. For IMRL, a 3D fast spoiled gradient-recalled echo T1-weighted images with a fat saturation technique (T1 high resolution isotropic volume excitation, THRIVE) was performed.

RESULTSThe beaded appearance of lymphatic vessels extending from the injection site were detected in 11 of 12 lower legs and the best delineation of lymphatic vessels was present at 15-30 minutes after injection. In 6 of 12 affected thighs, lymphatic vessels could be also visualized with the strongest enhancement at 45 minutes.

CONCLUSIONIMRL is a safe and technically feasible new method which can effectively visualize the pathological lymphatic vessels in lower extremity lymphedema.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Lymphedema ; diagnostic imaging ; Lymphography ; methods ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVESTo evaluate the medium-term clinical results of reconstruction of the severe acetabular bone defect by using metal mesh and impaction bone grafting (IBG) technique, as well as to emphasize the importance of Paprosky acetabular bone defect classification system in assessing the severity of bone defect and to analyse the failure reasons.

METHODSBetween December 1998 and December 2007, 67 total hip arthroplasty (THA) revisions were made by using IBG technique to reconstruct severe acetabular bone defects combining with metal mesh or meta mesh cup on 63 patients. All the defects were combined defect (AAOS Type 3). There were 20 Paprosky II B defects in 19 patients, 28 Paprosky II C defects in 29 patients and 13 Paprosky II A defects in 12 patients. Regular follow-ups, involving the assessments of Harris hip scoring system, clinical efficacy, imaging and complications, were subsequently made.

RESULTSSixty-one hips in 58 patients gained an average of 63 months (8-107) follow-up. Harris hip score increased from an average of 41.7 points (21-52) preoperatively to an average of 89.2 points (81-98) at the last follow-up, with an excellent and good rate of 93%. Radiographically, there were no loosening cases excluding the 3 dislocated polyethylene cups from the metal mesh cups. One case was failed to reconstruction the height of normal hip center, in which metal mesh cup was used for enforce the medial wall. Dislocations occurred in 3 hips, 1 of these patients required an open reduction and the other 2 dislocations only need close reduction. Postoperative infection rate was 1.6% (1 case), two stage revision with another IBG procedure succeeded in this patient.

CONCLUSIONSIBG combing with metal mesh for reconstruction of severe acetabular bone defect is an ideal technology. Paprosky acetabular bone defect classification system is very important in IBG procedure besides AAOS acetabular bone defect classification system to evaluate the severity of bone defect and to compare the outcomes between different authors. The use of metal mesh cup should be avoided to enforce acetabular medial wall in patients with severe acetabular bone defect.

Acetabulum ; surgery ; Adult ; Aged ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Bone Transplantation ; methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hip Prosthesis ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reoperation ; Surgical Mesh ; Transplantation, Homologous ; methods ; Treatment Outcome