OBJECTIVETo establish a near-infrared qualitative analysis model to identify the authenticity of Polygonum multiflo- rum and distinguish processed products Polygoni Multiflori Radix.

METHODThe NIR spectra were peformed on over 30 batches of P. multiflorum and Polygoni Multiflori Radix samples and the adulterants Cynanchum bungei, Pteroxygonum giraldii, Polygonum cillinerve to establish the qualitative discriminant model and the conformity test model of Polygonum multifiorum , and cluster analysis was used to analyze the samples from different origins.

RESULTThe model is able to identify correctly P. multiflorum with its counterfeit, and distinguish between P. multiflorum and Polygoni multiflori Radix.

CONCLUSIONNear-infrared spectroscopy can be applied in the identification of P. multiflorum, which could be used to screen Chinese herbal medicine preliminarily.

Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Polygonum ; chemistry ; Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared ; methods

Background Experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis(EAU)is proved to be an organ-specific,T lymphocyte-mediated autoimmune and self-limited disease.Research showed that CD4+CD25+T cell may play important regulation on the course of events,but its mechanism is pending for further study. Objective Present study was to investigate the potential role of CD4+CD25+T cell in the pathogenesis of EAU. Methods Retinal Santigen(S-Ag)was isolated from bovine retinas according tO the procedure as Caspi's previously describe.0.1 ml Santigen(50μg)emulsified with complete Freund'S adjuvant was injected on footpad of 24 inbred adult female Lewis rats aged six to eight-week-old to induce EAU,and 4 normal Lewis rats were as normal control group.Slim-lamp examination was performed to observe the ocular manifestation.Retinal section was prepared in 7,12,15,21 days aher injection for the pathological examination.The pathological grading was on the lnoki'S method.The retinas,inguinal nodes and spleens of rats were obtained in 7,12,15,21 days after injection and the cellular suspension was prepared.Expression of CD4+CD25+T cells on cellular suspension was assayed using flow eytometry.This study complied with the Standard of Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology. ResuRs The obvious inflammatory response of the anterior segment was found in S-Ag injected eyes from 7 days through 21 days.The most serious inflammation was found in 12-15 days under the slim-lamp.The hemotoxylin and eosin staining showed the higher pathological grading from 12 to 15 days after injection,showing significant difference in comparison with 7 days and 14 days(P=0.000).In EAU model rats,expressions of CD4+CD25+T cells was significantly increased in retinas, inguinal nodes and spleens in 15 days after injection,showing evidently differences in comparison with control rats(P=0.000). Conclusion The expression level of CD4+CD25+T cells in inflammatory tissue is associated with the inflammation procedure in EAU model rats.This study indicates that CD4+CD25+T cells may play a role in the development of EAU.

OBJECTIVETo compare the fracture resistance and failure modes of endodontically treated human upper premolars restored with different post-core systems.

METHODS32 extracted human upper premolars were endodontically treated and crowns were sectioned at 2 mm above the labial cement enamel junction (CEJ). The teeth were randomly and equally divided into 4 groups: Group A, teeth restored with cast metal post and metal crown; group B, Tenax Fiber White fiber post and metal crown; group C, EverStick fiber post 1.5 mm in diameter and metal crown; group D, EverStick fiber post 1.5 mm in diameter and add another 1.2 mm diameter EverStick fiber post and metal crown. All the teeth were embedded in acrylic resin blocks, and were subjected to a compressive load at 1 mm/min crosshead speed which delivered at a 45 degrees to the long axis until the first sign of failure was noted. The fracture load and the mode of fracture were recorded.

RESULTSFracture resistances of the four groups of restored teeth were not significantly different (P>0.05). However, fracture modes in fiber post groups were nearer to CEJ than cast metal post group.

CONCLUSIONFracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth restored with EverStick fiber post is enhanced that it can meet the clinical need, although the flexural resistance of EverStick fiber post itself is the weakest. Fracture modes of all fiber post groups are more favorable than cast metal post group.

Bicuspid ; Composite Resins ; Crowns ; Humans ; Post and Core Technique ; Tooth Fractures ; Tooth, Nonvital

Objective To explore the relationship between the expression of Cyr61 and the chemosensitivity, apoptosis of human glioma U251 cells by decreasing Cyr61 gene expression by RNA interference. Methods One pair of DNA template coding siRNA was synthesized against U251 to reconstruct pRNA-Cyr61, which was transfected into U251 cells. The Cyr61 expression in U251 cells was transfected with pRNAT-Cyr61, and it was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot. MTT and flow cytometry (FCM) were used to observe the growth inhibiting ratio and apoptosis rate induced by cisplatin or temozolomide in U251 cells. Results RT-PCR and Western blot analyses demonstrated that pRNAT-Cyr61 could significantly inhibit the expression of Cyr61 in U251 cells (P＜0.01); MTT and FCM showed that when U251 cells were exposed to cisplatin or temozolomide, the growth inhibiting ratio and apoptosis rate of pRNAT-Cyr61 transfected cells were significantly increased compared with those of control group and negative group (P＜0.01). Conclusions pRNAT-Cyr61 can significantly inhibit the expression of Cyr61, increase chemosensitivity and apoptosis rate of U251 cells in vitro.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the correlation between the stage of hepatic fibrosis and ultrasonographic findings of the liver, spleen and gallbladder and establish a sensitive ultrasonographic semi-quantitative scoring system for screening compensated liver cirrhosis.

METHODSTotalling 248 patients with chronic hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus infection underwent liver biopsy and ultrasonic examination. The images of the liver surface, parenchymal echo, intrahepatic vessels, gallbladder, spleen and diameter of portal vein were analyzed.

RESULTSThe stages of hepatic fibrosis were not correlated to ultrasonographic findings of the liver surface or diameter of portal vein, but hepatic fibrosis of different stages showed significant differences in parenchymal echo, intrahepatic vessels, gallbladder and splenomegaly. In cases with normal liver parenchymal, intrahepatic vessels, gallbladder and spleen, the negative predictive value of the ultrasonographic semi-quantitative scoring system for diagnosing compensated liver cirrhosis amounted to 96.3%. The sensitivity of a score not lower than 5 was 90% for detecting compensated cirrhosis. With a score not lower than 7, the diagnostic accuracy and specificity was 85.9% and 95.2%, respectively, but the sensitivity was lowered to 37.5%.

CONCLUSIONThe ultrasonic images of the liver parenchyma, intrahepatic vessels, gallbladder and spleen in patients with compensated liver cirrhosis vary significantly in patients with hepatic fibrosis of different stages, and this ultrasonographic scoring system allows for a sensitive diagnosis of compensated cirrhosis.

Female ; Fibrosis ; Gallbladder ; diagnostic imaging ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; complications ; Hepatitis C ; complications ; Humans ; Liver ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; virology ; Liver Cirrhosis ; complications ; diagnosis ; Male ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Spleen ; diagnostic imaging ; Splenomegaly ; diagnostic imaging ; Ultrasonography ; methods

OBJECTIVETo explore the correlation between ultrasonic scores, routine blood tests and stages of hepatic fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), and identify non-invasive indexes to establish a diagnostic model for liver cirrhosis.

METHODSA retrospective analysis of 428 patients with CHB undergoing liver biopsies was conducted. The patients' hematology, serum biochemical indexes, serum alpha fetal proteins (AFP), serum HBeAg status and ultrasonic scores were statistically analyzed. A diagnostic model was established by stepwise discriminant analysis, and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) to platelet ratio index (APRI) was used to estimate the diagnostic value.

RESULTSPartial correlation analysis indicated that platelet, serum albumin, bilirubin, AST, ratio of AST to alanine aminotransferase, prothrombin time and ultrasonic scores were correlated to the stages of liver fibrosis, and significantly differed between patients with and without liver cirrhosis. Logistic regression analysis identified ultrasonic scores, platelet, serum bilirubin, albumin and AST as indexes affecting the diagnosis of compensated cirrhosis. The area under receiver operation curve of model was 0.907. The cirrhosis index (CI) of -0.94 for this model was suitable for screening, with specificity of 85.0%, sensitivity of 81.7%, and accuracy of 84.3%. About 56.2% of the patients' CI was lower than -2.0 with the negative predictive value of 97.0% and the rate of missed diagnosis of 3.0%. About 18.2% of the patients' cirrhosis probabilities were above 0.15, with positive predictive value of 77.3%, and only 2.7% of the patients had mild fibrosis (F2), suggesting that nearly 75% of the patients did not have to receive liver biopsies.

CONCLUSIONThis diagnostic model integrates the ultrasonic scores, platelet, serum bilirubin, albumin and AST to enable effective screening and prediction of compensated cirrhosis, and can reduce the number of patients required to undergo liver biopsy by about 75%.

Adult ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; blood ; Bilirubin ; blood ; Female ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; complications ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; blood ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Platelet Count ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Serum Albumin ; analysis ; Ultrasonography

OBJECTIVETo analyze the current status of maternal HIV infection, mother to child transmission, and the work accomplishments in preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT).

METHODSDuring October, 2001 to May, 2009, HIV voluntary consultation and examination were carried out in 339 866 pregnant women in the urban areas, while 594 pregnant women who tested positive were intervened, and interventions were also conducted among 326 babies who were born to HIV positive mothers, including HIV immune body examination on the babies when they were 12 months and 18 months old.

RESULTSA total of 594 pregnant women were found HIV positive, with the positive rate of 0.17% (594/339 866). And the rate was declining year by year. The highest rate was 0.47% (37/7837) in 2002, and the lowest rate was 0.12% (86/73 343) in 2008. Of the 594 positive pregnant women, 228 (38.38%) terminated pregnancy voluntarily, 43 (7.24%) kept on pregnancy and 317 (53.37%) parturients. Of 326 babies born by the 317 parturients, 317 survived.298 received curbing intervention for mother to child transmission (PMTCT), the ratio was 94.01% (298/317). Of 224 babies who were 18 months old, 221 accepted examination, and 7 HIV positive. The maternal infant transmission rate after intervention was 3.17% (7/221).

CONCLUSIONThrough the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV, the HIV infection status in the pregnant women can be timely observed, which can effectively decrease the level of mother-to-child transmission of HIV.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; prevention & control ; transmission ; Adult ; China ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical ; prevention & control ; Pregnancy

OBJECTIVETo establish an animal model of titanium implant and to investigate the effects of low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on the implant osseointegration.

METHODSTwenty-four female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were used. Titanium implants were inserted into tibia metaphysis bilaterally in each SD rat. Since the second day following implant surgery, LIPUS stimulation were carried out around the implant on the right side for 20 minutes per day, and implants on the left side remain untouched as self-control. Eight rats were sacrificed and tibiae specimens were harvested on the end of the 4th, 8th, and 12th week respectively. X-ray picture, micro-CT analysis and histological sections were performed to evaluate the effects of LIPUS on the implant osseointegration.

RESULTSOsseointegration at the interface between the implant and bone tissue was observed bilaterally. In the micro-CT histomorphometry analysis, the percentage of osseointegration (%OI) of experiment side were (45.708 ± 3.316)%, (46.231 ± 1.954)%, and (46.807 ± 1.451)% on the end of the 4th, 8th, and 12th week. Meanwhile, the %OI of control side were (43.021 ± 3.558)%, (44.272 ± 3.023)%, and (44.894 ± 4.215)% respectively. The %OI on the 4th weekend, bone volume ratio (BV/TV) on the 4th and 8th weekend, trabecular thickness (Tb. Th) and degree of anisotropy (DA) on the 8th and 12th weekend of the experiment side tibia were significantly greater than those on the control side (P < 0.05). The histological examination showed that the thickness of new bone around the implant and the bone-implant contact area was obviously greater in the LIPUS treated side compared to the control side.

CONCLUSIONSThe LIPUS therapy may accelerate the bone healing and osseointegration at the interface between titanium implant and bone, and promote remodeling of bone trabecula on the early stage.

Animals ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Bone Density ; Female ; Implants, Experimental ; Osseointegration ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tibia ; surgery ; Titanium ; chemistry ; Ultrasonic Therapy ; methods ; X-Ray Microtomography ; methods

Objective To study the correlation between fractional anisotropy(FA)and tumor microarchitecture(MVD,VEGF and celluarity).Methods Fouteen gliomas(5 grade Ⅰ and Ⅱ,4 grade Ⅲ, 5 grade Ⅳ)confirmed histo-pathologically were performed on diffusion tensor imaging(DTI)using a GE Signa Excite Ⅱ 3.0 T MR scanner(8-channel head coil,SE echo planner imaging(EPI),thickness:5 mm, spacing:0,directions:25,B values:0 and 1000 s/mm~2,TR 6000 ms,TE minimum,FOV:240 mm? 240 mm,image matrix 128?128,NEX 2).Postprocessing was done using a DTI specific software to gain FA image.ROIs were drqwn in tumor parenchyma and the value of FA was recorded.The positive expression of VEGF and CD34 was shown using immuno-histochemistry method.The VEGF,MVD,and cellularity of every slices were recorded.Pearson correlation analysis was used.Results FA(which is 0.102?0.080 in grade Ⅰ and Ⅱ,0.171?0.037 in grade Ⅲ,0.200?0.021 in grade Ⅳ)has the trend to raise with the increasing grade of astrocytomas.FA has significant positive correlation to MVD(40/HP in grade Ⅰ and Ⅱ, 86/HP in grade Ⅲ,101/HP in grade Ⅳ),VEGF(8% in grade Ⅰ and Ⅱ,47% in grade Ⅲ,55% in grade Ⅳ),and cellularity(104/HP in grade Ⅰ and Ⅱ,160/HP in grade Ⅲ,265/HP in grade Ⅳ).The correlation coefficients between FA and VEGF,MVD,and cellularity were 0.748,0.668,0.625 respectively.Conclusion As a new imaging method,DTI can reveal the microarchitecture in gliomas and be value of distinguishing gliomas of different grade.DTI provides a new method of precise diagnosis to glioma preoperatively.

This paper describes the use of piezo-driven micropipette for intracytoplasmic sperm injection of mice eggs. The head of fresh spermatozoa from KM (Kunming) fertile mice was individually injected into mature oocytes of hybrid mice B6D2F1. Approximately eighty three percent of sperm-injected oocytes survived, and 84.0% of them fertilized normally (extrusion of the second polar body and formation of male and female pronuclei). The eggs fertilized by sperm injection could develop in vitro to 2-cell (98% vs 94.7%), 4-cell (89.5% vs 92.1%) stages, no significantly (P > 0.05) different from embryos fertilized in vivo but there were significantly (P < 0.01) few morulae (63.8% vs 84.2%) and blastocysts (25.7% vs 68.4%) developed in vitro after further culture in vitro in the group of ICSI. When 120 embryos at the pronuclear stage were transferred to seven pseudopregnant KM female, 23.3% of the embryos (0 - 50%, depending on the host) reached the full term. Except for three that were cannibalized soon after birth, all of the young (25 pups) developed into normal and fertile adult. Here we report the first birth of mouse offspring following ICSI in China. These studies may increase understanding of the fertilization process and of how ICSI works.
Animals ; Embryo Transfer ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; methods ; Male ; Mice ; Oocytes ; physiology ; Pregnancy ; Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic ; methods