Clinical laboratory information system is the key to the realization of total laboratory automation,standardization,intelligent and digitization.In recent years,with the establishment,application,popularization and upgrading of clinical laboratory information system,it is very important to establish the construction criterion of clinical laboratory as soon as possible.Now according to the requirements of construction and management of modern clinical laboratory and combining with the practical application of clinical laboratory information system in our hospital at domestic settings,the standardization construction of clinical laboratory information system was discussed in this article.

The medium of photo-synthetic bacteria synthesizing carotenoid was optimized with response surface methodology. The regression equation expressing the relationship between carotenoid yield and main components of culture medium was established by stepwise analysis. The R-squared in the model of regression equation was 0. 958, which meant the established equation could predict the carotenoid yield well at the range of factors in this design. It was indicated that the optimum medium components were: 0. 81% citric acid, 0. 35% NH4Cl and 0. 18% corn syrup. On those conditions, it was predicted that the highest production of carotenoid was 13. 34 mg/L, which was 2. 04 times higher than initial carotenoid yield before optimization.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the changes of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) in rat brain tissue and to explore the mechanism of secondary cerebral injury after brain concussion. METHODS: The brain concussion model was established with the pathological changes of rat brain tissue by Weil stain. The expressions of MDA and SOD in brain tissue were examined by photochemical method. The expressions of TNF-alpha and IL-1beta in cerebral cortex and hippocampus were examined by immunochemistry. RESULTS: Nerve myelin sheath showed disorder, disruption, gryposis and swelling by Weil stain. Above changes were more severe at 12h. The quantity of MDA in rat brain tissue after concussion was significantly higher than that in the control group. The activity of SOD was significantly lower than that in the control group. The expressions of TNF-alpha and IL-1beta increased more significantly in cerebral cortex and hippocampus in rat brain tissue after concussion than that in the control group. CONCLUSION Oxidative stress and inflammatory injury in the rat brain tissue, which may play an important role in secondary cerebral injury after concussion.
Animals ; Brain/metabolism* ; Brain Concussion/metabolism* ; Brain Injuries ; Hippocampus ; Interleukin-1beta/metabolism* ; Malondialdehyde/metabolism* ; Oxidative Stress ; Rats ; Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism* ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism*

Objective To compare the long-term efficacy between laparoscopic liver resection and open liver resection to treat small hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods The clinical data of 52 patients with small hepatocellular carcinoma treated from August 2011 to November 2012 were reviewed.Twenty patients underwent laparoscopic liver resection (the laparoscopic group),while the remaining 32 patients underwent open liver resection (the laparotomy group).The preoperative,postoperative and overall survival data between the two groups were compared.Results The data between the two groups before surgery were comparable (all P ＞ 0.05).The differences in tumor size and pathologic type between the two groups did not reach statistical significance (t =1.087,x2 =0.738,all P ＞ 0.05).However,the length of hospital stay in the laparoscopic group was significantly shorter than in the laparotomy group (t =3.363,P ＜ 0.05).Post-procedural complications occurred in no patients in the laparoscopic group,but in 8 patients in the laparotomy group (x2 =5.909,P ＜ 0.05).The cumulative survival rates in the two groups were not statistically signifi cant (P ＞ 0.05),but the recurrence-free survival of the laparoscopic group was significantly longer than the laparotomy group (P ＜ 0.05).The postoperative 1-year disease-free survival was not significantly different (P ＞ 0.05),though the 3-and 5-year recurrence-free survival rates were significantly different (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The long-term overall survival rate of laparoscopic treatment for small liver cancer was similar to open operation,but the recurrence free survival rate was greatly improved.

Objective To investigate the impact of injection current (IC), injection voltage (IV), and pulse forming network (PFN) on energy (depth ratio D20/D10) and profiles of helical tomotherapy, and to improve the quality control for the stability of beam characteristics.Methods The energy and profiles were measured by ion chamber and TomoDose at different values of IC, IV, and PFN, the relationship between the energy and various parameters was evaluated by Pearson correlation analysis, and the changes in profiles were evaluated by comparative analysis.Results The energy had no correlation with IV and PFN values (P>0.05), but had a strong correlation with IC value (P=0.007), which showed a downward trend with the increase in IC.For the profiles in the x direction:(1) in the main beam region (-200 to 200 mm), the shoulder area of the profiles increased regularly with the increase in IC.There were no significant changes for the profiles when the IV values ranged from 6.42 V to 6.54 V, and the shoulder area of the profiles reached the highest point with IV=6.60 V, then decreased with further increase in IV.The shoulder area of the profiles decreased regularly with the increase in PFN.(2) In the penumbral region (±200 mm outside), all the three parameters had no effect on the profiles.For the profiles in the y direction:(1) in the main beam region (-20 to 20 mm), the profiles showed an upward trend in the area with an off-axis distance less than 16 mm when IC values were 5.40 V and 5.46 V, and showed an upward trend in the area with an off-axis distance less than 16 mm.But on the whole, the shoulder area of the profiles increased with the increase in IC, and was not affected by IV and PFN.(2) In the penumbral region (±20 mm outside), the profiles decreased regularly with the increase in IV, and was not affected by IC and PFN.IC had the highest influence on the profiles in the main beam region, followed by PFN and IV.Only IV had impact on the profiles in the penumbral region.Conclusions When the energy needs to be adjusted, the IC value should be given a priority, and PFN should be taken as a supplementary factor.When the profile needs to be adjusted, the IC value should be given a priority, and IV should be used as an auxiliary factor in the main beam region.But in the penumbral region, adjustment of parameters is only related to the profiles in y direction, so the IV value should be adjusted.This study has a guiding role in the quality control of energy and profiles, which can reduce the blindness of quality control, thus saving the time.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate clinical results of early total care (ETC) treatment for elderly patients with intertrochanteric femur fractures.

METHODSClinical data of 106 elderly patients with intertrochanteric fracture treated from January 2012 and February 2015 were retrospectively studied. According to whether receiving the early total care mode, the patients were divided into 2 groups, 34 cases were diagnosed and treated with early total care pattern (ETC group), including 14 males and 20 females with an average age of (74.88 ± 4.38) years old ranging from 70 to 86. According to Evans types, 4 cases were type I, 5 cases were type II, 13 cases were type III, 11 cases were type IV, 1 case was type V. Seventy-two patients were treated with conventional trauma method (conventional group), including 35 males and 37 females with an average age of (74.46 ± 3.63) years old ranging from 70 to 85. According to Evans type, 8 cases were type I ,13 cases were type II, 25 cases were type III, 25 cases were type IV, and 1 case was type V. All fractures were treated with proximal femoral nails anti-rotation (PFNA). Operative time, hospital stays, leaving bed time, complications, cases of death at 1 year after operation, postoperative Harris score at 12 months were observed and compared.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up, the time of ETC group ranged from 9 to 18 months with an average of 13.29 ± 1.51, and the time in conventional group ranged from 12 to 16 months with an average 12.93 ± 1.15, while there was no significant difference between two groups in time of following-up (t = 1.368, P = 0.174). There was no significant meaning in cases of death between ETC group (2 cases) and conventional group (8 cases). Three cases occurred complications in ETC group, and 20 cases in conventional group,there was obvious meaning between two groups (χ² = 0.739, P = 0.318). Operative time,hospital stays,leaving bed time in ETC group respectively was (2.03 ± 0.67) d, (15.41 ± 2.87) d and (3.62 ± 0.74) d; while in conventional group respectively was (4.17 ± 1.59) d, (20.11 ± 4.24) d and (5.35 ± 1.22) d; there were significant differences between two groups in operative time, hospital stays, leaving bed time. Postoperative Harris scores at 12 months in ETC group was (82.32 ± 4.56), and (79.24 ± 5.52) in conventional group, there was obvious meaning between two groups (t = 2.833, P = 0.006).

CONCLUSIONETC pattern is a novel method for diagnosis and treatment of intertrochanteric femur fractures in elderly, it could shorten operative time, hospital stays, leaving bed time, decrease complications and promote recovery of function.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Femur ; injuries ; surgery ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; Hip Fractures ; surgery ; Hip Joint ; surgery ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Male ; Operative Time ; Postoperative Care ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of nitric oxide (NO) on the gene expression of hepatic TNF-α and IL-1β by crush injury of rat's soft tissues. METHODS: Rats were randomly divided into sham group, crush group, crush+aminoguanidine (AG) group, and crush+L-arginine (L-Arg) group. Activities of ALT and AST as well as NO level in serum were measured. Gene expressions of TNF-α and IL-1β were detected with RT-PCR. RESULTS: Obvious increase in TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA expression was detected in the crush group compared with the sham group (P<0.05). After pretreated L-Arg, expressions of TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA were markedly increased (P<0.05). After pretreated AG, those indices obviously decreased (P<0.05). Activities of ALT and AST enhanced and NO level increased in the crush group compared with the sham group (P<0.05). Pretreatment with L-Arg or AG led to substantial increased or reduced activities of ALT and AST as well as NO levels, respectively. CONCLUSION Endogenous NO mediated TNF-α, IL-1β mRNA up expression in liver induced by increased production of NO after crush injury of rat's soft tissues.
Animals ; Gene Expression ; Interleukin-1beta/metabolism* ; Liver ; Nitric Oxide/physiology* ; RNA, Messenger ; Rats ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism* ; Wounds and Injuries

Objective: To understand the anatomic characteristics of the aortic arch (AA) and its major branches to build a foundation toward performing endovascular surgery safely. Methods: A total of 25 formalin fixed Korean adult cadavers were used. The authors investigated : anatomical variations of the AA and its major branches; curvature of the AA; distance from the mid-vertebrae line to the origin of the major branches; distances from the origin of the major branches of AA to the origin of its distal branches; and the angle of the three major branches, the brachiocephalic trunk (BCT), the left common carotid artery (LCCA) and the left subclavian artery (LSCA) arising from AA. Results: The three major branches directly originated from AA in 21 (84%) of the cadavers. In two (8%) of remaining four cadavers, orifice of LCCA was slightly above the stem of BCT. In remaining two (8%) cadavers, the left vertebral artery (LVA) was directly originated from AA. Average angle of AA curvature to the coronal plane was 62.2 degrees. BCT originated 0.92 mm on the right of the mid-vertebrae line. LCCA and LSCA originated from 12.3 mm and 22.8 mm on the left of the mid-vertebrae line. Mean distance from the origin of the BCT to the origin of the RCCA was 32.5 mm. Mean distance from the origin of the LSCA to the origin of the LVA was 33.8 mm. Average angles at which the major branches arise from the AA were 65.3, 46.9 and 63.8 degrees. Conclusion: This study may provides a basic anatomical information to catheterize AA and its branches for safely performing endovascular surgery.
Adult ; Aorta ; Aorta, Thoracic ; Atherectomy ; Brachiocephalic Trunk ; Cadaver ; Carotid Artery, Common ; Catheters ; Formaldehyde ; Humans ; Subclavian Artery ; Vertebral Artery

ObjectiveTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of firofiban in gerontal patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS). MethodA total of 106 elderly patients with ACS admitted form December 2006 to June 2008 were enrolled in a prospective case-control study. Patients were divided into percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) group and medicine group. Both groups were randomly divided into two sub-groups, tirofiban sub-group and placebo sub-group. Patients in the PCI group received tirofiban infused in dose of 10 μg·kg- within 3 minutes as loading dose before operation and then an infusion of 0.15μg'kg-1·min-1 as maintenance dose for 24～36 hours. In medicine group,the loading dose was 0.4 μg·kg-1·min-1×30 min and the maintaining dose was 0.1 μg·kg-1·min-1×48 hours, The rates of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) consisting of death, myocardial infarction or refractory ischemia during hospital stay stay and 30 days' follow-up, bleeding rates TIMI grade, corrected TIMI frame count (CTFC) and myocardial blush grade(MBG) after PCI were compared between sub-groups of PCI group. ResultsThe basic clinical data were similar among the sub-groups. In medicine group,the MACE rate during 30 days' follow-up was much lower in the tirofiban sub-group than in the placebo sub-group (12.0% vs. 36.4 %, P < 0.05). In comparison with medicine group, in PCI group, there were fewer TIMI frames [(23.5 ±5.1) frames vs. (31.4±5.2) frames, P < 0.01] and higher percentage of myocardial blush grade 3(64.3% vs. 29.0%, P < 0.01) in firotiban sub-group of PCI group. No significant differences in bleeding rates were found between all sub-groups. ConclusionsTirofiban is safe and effective in gerontal ACS patients with blood flow and reperfusion improved.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the influence of early enteral nutrition on the nutritional indices of the burn patients.

METHODSThirty-seven burn patients were enrolled in the study and were randomly divided into early enteral nutrition (EN) and parenteral nutrition (PN) groups. The body weight, serum levels of prealbumin and transferrin, the incidence of burn sepsis, and the hospital stay days were surveyed respectively and compared between these two groups.

RESULTSThe percentage of body weight loss in EN group was obviously lower than that in PN group on the 7th and 14th post burn day (PBD) (P < 0.05). The serum contents of prealbumin and transferrin in EN group were significantly higher than that in PN group on the 4th, 8th and 14th PBD (P < 0.05 or 0.01). The incidence of burn sepsis in EN group was lower than that in PN group (5.56% vs 31.58%, P < 0.05). The hospital stay days in EN group were less than that in PN group (40.39 +/- 10.81 d vs 54.89 +/- 11.26 d, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONEarly enteral nutrition is beneficial to the improving of nutrition state of the burn patients, and to the reduction of the incidence of burn sepsis and the hospitalization time.

Adult ; Burns ; blood ; therapy ; Enteral Nutrition ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Parenteral Nutrition ; Prealbumin ; metabolism ; Sepsis ; prevention & control ; Serum Albumin ; Time Factors ; Transferrin ; metabolism ; Young Adult