A 30-year-old woman presented with a 5-year history of recurrent nodular lesions in the left subaxillary region,which had rapidly grown for 7 weeks.Five years prior to the presentation,she received breast conservation surgery and radiotherapy for left breast cancer,thereafter,chronic radiation dermatitis developed in the left subaxillary region.Two years after the operation,three soybean-sized bright red nodules appeared in the lesions of radiation dermatitis,and slowly enlarged.Subsequently,the nodules were resected,but a local recurrence was observed 3 weeks after the resection.The recurrent masses underwent accelerated growth during her pregnancy,and the growth was obviously inhibited after the termination of pregnancy.Physical examination revealed a quasi-elliptic,dark or bright red plaque measuring about 18 cm × 14 cm with a smooth surface in left subaxillary region,and in the center of the plaque was a bright red,hemispheric,elevated lesion measuring 10 cm × 9 cm × 5 cm with erosions or pitchy crusts on the surface.Histopathology of the lesions showed that the tumor was located in the dermis and consisted of densely packed uniform spindle-shaped cells arranged in a characteristic storiform or whirlpool pattern.Some cell nuclei showed atypia,and few mitoses were observed.In some parts of the lesion,tumor cells were arranged in a herringbone pattern.Immunohistochemistry revealed that the tumor cells stained positive for vimentin(strongly)and actin(weakly),but negative for CD34.Based on these findings,a diagnosis of postradiation dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans(fibrosarcoma type)was made.

AIMTo determine the involvement of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) pathway in the expression of endothelin receptor type B (ETB) during culture.

METHODSSB386023, a specific inhibitor for ERK1/2 pathway, was used to define the intracellular signaling pathway for the upregulation of ETB receptors and sarafotoxin 6c (S6c), a selective agonist for ETB receptors, induced contraction in isolated rat superior mesenteric arteries. The contraction was recorded by a sensitive in vitro myograph and the receptor mRNA was quantified by a real-time PCR. The phosphorylated ERK1/2 proteins were analyzed by phosphoELISA assay.

RESULTSS6c induced strong contractile responses of the artery after culture for 24 h, while there was no response to S6c in fresh vessel segments. The enhanced contractile response to S6c paralleled with an increase of mRNA for ETB receptors. The phosphorylated ERK1/2 proteins significantly increased after culture for 3 h. After co-culture with SB386023 for 24 h, S6c-induced contractions significantly decreased with reduction of Emax from (217 +/- 14) % to (127 +/- 23) % (P <0.01). This response paralleled with a decreased level of ETB receptor mRNA.

CONCLUSIONERK1/2 pathway was involved in the up-regulation of ETB receptors on smooth muscle cells isolated from rat mesenteric arteries during culture.

Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Male ; Mesenteric Arteries ; cytology ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; Muscle Contraction ; drug effects ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; cytology ; metabolism ; Organ Culture Techniques ; Phosphorylation ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptor, Endothelin B ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Signal Transduction ; Up-Regulation ; Vasoconstrictor Agents ; pharmacology ; Viper Venoms ; pharmacology

A series of adefovir mono-L-amino acid esters, mono non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs carboxylic ester prodrugs with more potent anti-HBV activity and lower nephrotoxicity were designed and synthesized. Adefovir bis (L-amino acid) ester was used as lead compound, according to pathological and pharmacological findings that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can effectively inhibit the organic anion transporter 1 (hOAT1)-mediated adefovir phosphonic acid pairs of anion transport across tubular basement membrane thereby reducing the nephrotoxicity of adefovir. Flatten design principle was used to introducing non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs structural fragments to design and synthesize target adefovir mixture ester prodrugs. HepG2 2.2.15 cell line was used as in vitro anti-HBV activity evaluation model. Five compounds exhibited antiviral activity, and compound 18 showed the most potent anti-HBV activity and relatively high selective index (EC50 3.92 micromol L(-1), SI 9.97). HK-2 cell line was used as in vitro model to evaluate nephrotoxicity. Results suggested the target compounds have lower cytotoxicity than the positive control. Moreover, by analyzing the primary structure and activity relationship of these compounds, it could suggest that mono-L-amino acid ester, mono non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs carboxylic ester prodrugs strategy has significant potential in the acyclic nucleoside phosphonates prodrug design.
Adenine ; analogs & derivatives ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Amino Acids ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Antiviral Agents ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Carboxylic Acids ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Drug Design ; Hep G2 Cells ; drug effects ; Humans ; Kidney Tubules, Proximal ; cytology ; metabolism ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; metabolism ; Molecular Structure ; Organophosphonates ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Prodrugs ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo access the efficacy of posterior short-segment fixation for single level thoracolumbar burst fractures without spinal injury using CYL-pedicle screw.

METHODSFrom September 2007 to December 2009, 74 cases who underwent posterior short-segment fixation for single level thoracolumbar burst fractures (Denis burst fracture type A, B, C) without spinal injury were analyzed retrospectively. There were 53 male and 21 female, mean age was (39 ± 15) years. Neither of them treated with direct decompression, grafting or fusion. Changes in the anterior vertebral height ratio, vertebral wedge angle, Cobb angle, regional angle were measured preoperatively, postoperatively, before implant removal, and at final follow-up to find the statistic difference. Pain status and work status were evaluated using Denis criterion. The incidence of incision infection, screw breakage, iatrogenic spinal injury were recorded as well.

RESULTSThe time of follow-up was (20 ± 11) months, no significant change was noted in anterior vertebral height ratio and vertebral wedge angle (P > 0.05). A significant loss was noted in Cobb angle and regional angle, which were 9.8° ± 5.1° and 9.1° ± 4.8° respectively (t = 2.48 and 3.41, P < 0.05). Comparing with the patients with Cobb angle > 20°, the patients with Cobb angle ≤ 20° had better pain scale rate (χ(2) = 4.16, P = 0.04) and work scale rate (χ(2) = 24.34, P < 0.01). There were incision infection in 1 case, screw breakage in 1, screw loose in 1, and no iatrogenic spinal injury.

CONCLUSIONSCYL-pedicle screw could be successfully used in posterior short-segment fixation for single level thoracolumbar burst fractures without spinal injury based on radiographic and clinic outcomes.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; instrumentation ; methods ; Humans ; Internal Fixators ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; injuries ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Fractures ; surgery ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; injuries ; Young Adult

Animals ; Female ; Macrophages ; microbiology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Microscopy, Electron ; Mycobacteriophages ; physiology ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; virology ; Virus Replication

Objective　To observe some biological features of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and explore the best conditions for isolatin g and culturing in vitro. Methods　Common cell culture techn ique, light and electron microscopy were used to study the effects of the growth , proliferation, morphology of the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in differe nt adherent time, concentration of serum and cell density. Results　The best culture condition in vitro for growth was 4-24 hours adherent time, 5%-10% fetal bovine serum, (4-8)×104/ml cell density. The cells were sp indle in shape and had a strong ability of proliferation. The time for cell duplication was 3 to 4 days. The cells showed the characteristics of stem cell s in electron microscope. Conclusion　The best condition for iso lation and culture of bone marrow mesemchymal stem cells was successfully establ ished and some biological features were obserred. It found a base for further in vestigation and using of mesenchymal stem cells.

Objective To explore the determinants of Alzheimer' s disease (AD) patients with depression.Methods The degree of depression on AD patients was assessed by the geriatric depression scale.Improved cumulative logistic regression (ICLR) was used to analyze the determinants of AD patients with depression.Results 196 AD patients were investigated.Among the 196 AD patients,there were 60(30.6％ ) males and 136(69.4％ ) females,at 58-89 years of age (72.3 ± 6.0).Physical activity,diabetes,MoCA,hearing,economic sources and alcohol were related to the degree of depression of AD patients (P＜0.10 ).The difference between “normal” and “mild depression” was smaller than difference between “mild depression” and “severe depression”.Conclusion AD patients with mild depression were the target population for prevention and they were influenced by several factors listed above.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the impact of preoperative three-dimensional visualization and virtual liver surgery planning on hepatic resection.

METHODSAll relevant structures (livers, portal vein, hepatic veins, and tumors) were extracted from multislice CT scans of 142 cases treated from May 2007 to May 2009. By the liver surgery planning system software Liv 1.0, reconstruction and image analysis of the relevant structures was performed and virtual resections of liver were carried out. Data were correlated to intraoperative findings.

RESULTS(1) Three-dimensional visualization revealed the spatial relationship of tumors to the intrahepatic vascular system, thus giving impressions how the neoplasms were situated. Virtual tumor resections corresponded to the intraoperative findings. (2) With the planning, an intended resection could be performed virtually and optimal identification of resection margins could be achieved. The ischemia and congestion territory within the remaining liver parenchyma could be calculated. Simulation resections could avoid liver parenchyma over resection and maintain a sufficient amount of liver tissue to sustain hepatic function. Virtual simulations of tumor resection were used successfully to plan of surgical procedures in the hepatic tumors. Hepatectomy was performed in 29 cases after virtual tumor resections but seemed impossible with conventional CT scan. Resection plans of 92 cases were optimized after virtual resections. (3) The mean liver volume of patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma measured by the software and the real resected was (477 +/- 223) ml and (451 +/- 209) ml respectively. Comparison by means of linear regression analysis between volume measurement on the software and the real resected showed a nearly ideal correlation coefficient (R = 0.922, P < 0.01). The mean error was 6.1%.

CONCLUSIONSThe three-dimensional tumor visualization and virtual simulation of tumor resections of the software Liv 1.0 provide an important reference for a valuable planning of complex hepatic resections. It is not only benefit to improve the predictability and security of hepatectomy but also helpful to improve the success rate of complex hepatic resections.

Adult ; Aged ; Computer Simulation ; Female ; Hepatectomy ; methods ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Liver ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Liver Neoplasms ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; User-Computer Interface ; Young Adult

This study investigated the role of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) in isoflurane-induced neuroinflammation and cognitive dysfunction in aged rats. The hippocampi were dissected from aged rats which had been intraperitoneally administered lithium chloride (LiCl, 100 mg/kg) and then exposed to 1.4% isoflurane for 6 h. The expression of GSK-3β was detected by Western blotting. The mRNA and protein expression levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 were measured by real-time PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. Morris water maze was employed to detect spatial memory ability of rats. The results revealed that the level of GSK-3β was upregulated after isofurane exposure. Real-time PCR analysis demonstrated that isoflurane anesthesia increased mRNA levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6, which was consistent with the ELISA results. However, these changes were reversed by prophylactic LiCl, a non-selective inhibitor of GSK-3β. Additionally, we discovered that LiCl alleviated isoflurane-induced cognitive impairment in aged rats. Furthermore, the role of GSK-3β in isoflurae-induced neuroinflammation and cognitive dysfunction was associated with acetylation of NF-κB p65 (Lys310). In conclusion, these results suggested that GSK-3β is associated with isoflurane-induced upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines and cognitive disorder in aged rats.
Animals ; Cognition Disorders ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; pathology ; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 ; metabolism ; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta ; Inflammation ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; pathology ; Isoflurane ; adverse effects ; Male ; Neurons ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

We reported a technical report of traumatic lower cervical spondylolisthesisca used by bilateral pedicle fracture, without neurological compression. The patient was treated with the minimally invasive technique of percutaneous pedicle screw fixation. Fracture healing and normal cervical motion were confirmed by plain films and physical examinations on the 18-monthpostoperatively. The technique of percutaneous pedicle screw fixation might be an alternative strategy for the treatment of traumatic lower cervical spondylolisthesis with pedicle fracture.
Cervical Vertebrae ; Female ; Fracture Healing ; Humans ; Physical Examination ; Spondylolisthesis*