Objective To observe the expressions of apoptosis-related proteins Bcl-2 and Bax in cerebral ischemic preconditioning-perfusion models of rats. Methods Ischemic preconditioning was induced by 20 minutes of monolateral middle cerebral artery occlusion using an intraluminal filament method in rats. The animals were perfused 6 h, 12 h, 1d, 3 d, 5 d and 7 d respectively before they were sacrificed. The expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax were analyzed by immunohistochemistry staining. Results Bcl-2 positive cells increased significantly at 1 d after perfusion, reached their peak at 3 d, and maintained high level until 7 d. They were all higher than that of control group (all P 0.05). Conclusion Upregulation of Bcl-2 but not Bax may play a role in ischemic preconditioning protection .

Objective To observe the effects and its efficacy of Ozagrel on CD62p and CD63 expressions in platelets of patients with acute cerebral infarction(ACI).Methods 64 patients with ACI were devided into two groups:Ozagrel group and Xuesaitong group(control group).The expression levels of CD62p and CD63 in 64 patients with ACI(before and after treating)and that in normal people(normal group)were measured with whole blood flow cytometry.The clinical effect of treatment in the Ozagrel group and the control group were observed and compared.Results The expression levels of CD62p and CD63 in patients with ACI were higher than those in the normal group(all P

Objective To investigate the role of apoptosis and apoptotic proteins p53,p21 and Bax in mechanisms of brain ischemic tolerance in rats.Methods In our study the models of focal-focal type brain ischemic preconditioning were maded by occlusion middle cerebral artery using an intraluminal filament method. Infarct sizes were measured by image analysis system.Neuronal apoptosis was identified by TUNEL staining and expressions of p53, p21 and Bax were analyzed by immunohistochemistry.Results Compared with the lethal ischemic group, the volume of infarct was greatly reduced when MCAO 20 minutes was performed as ischemic preconditioning( P

BACKGROUND: Many scholars attempt to xenotransplantation because of shortage of human donor hepatocytes. In the field of hepatocyte xenotransplantation, two different mammalian species, i.e., pig-to-rat, and pig-to-rodent, are much reported. Hepatocyte transplantation between two different classes has been rarely reported. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the mechanisms of cell-mediated immune response in hepatocytes xenotransplantation between tilapia and rat. METHODS: The tilapia (donor) hepatocytes were isolated by collagenase cold digestion and adjusted to 2×107 /mL using physiological saline. Thirty-six SD (recipient) rats were randomly divided into transplantation and control groups (n = 18). Rats from the control group received injection of physiological saline into the spleen, and those from the transplantation group received injection of tilapia hepatocytes. At each time point (4 hours, 8 hours, 24 hours, 3 days, and 5 days) after transplantation, two rats were respectively sacrificed for histological changes examination using hematoxylin-eosin staining and detection of CD4+/CD8+ lymphocytes surrounding the grafts using immunohistochemical SABC method. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The transplanted hepatocytes were rejected a few hours after transplantation. Surviving hepatocytes in spleens were hardly seen 8 hours after transplantation. The aggregation of CD4+CD8+ lymphocytes was detected surrounding the grafts 4 hours after transplantation. These findings suggest that tilapia hepatocytes transplantation into rat spleen induces rejection within a few hours, cell-mediated immune response is involved in the rejection of hepatocytes xenotransplantation, and natural killer cells may play an important role in this kind of rejection.

Type 1 diabetes is a autoimmune disease that occurs under the influence of both genetic predisposition and environmental factors,mediated mainly by T lymphocytes with various kinds of other involved immune cells.The autoimmune attacks eventually lead to the islet beta cell destruction and insulin insufficiency.Multiple fundamental studies and clinical trials have revealed that umbilical cord blood pluripotent stem cells have the potential to help restore immune balance,induce immune tolerance,stop the autoimmune attacks against beta cells,and promote beta cell regeneration in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM),by means of cell to cell contact and soluble cytokine secretion.For the past few years,the National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases of Second Xiangya Hospital has been leading the research on stem cell education therapy and has performed the therapy for 35 juvenile type 1 diabetes patients from China and foreign countries,introducing a novel treatment for T1DM.

Objective To evaluate gastrobiliary duct drainage in the treatment for iatrogenic distal common bile duct injury found during the operation.Methods We analyzed clinical data of 17 cases with application of gastrobiliary duct drainage in immediate treatment for the injury of distal common bile duct found during the operation from June 2010 to June 2016.Postoperative bile drainage,postoperative gastrointestinal function recovery,time for removal of the gastrobiliary duct and hospitalization time were recorded.Postoperative bile leakage,intestinal fistula and pancreatic leakage were observed.Patients were followed up until June 2016.Results The mean volume of bile drainage on the third postoperative day were (310 ± 112)ml,the mean time of postoperative gastrointestinal function recovery were (3.0 ± 1.5) days,time for removal of the gastrobiliary stent were (7.5 ± 1.0) days and hospitalization time were (9.5 ± 1.5) days.There was no postoperative bile leakage,intestinal fistula and pancreatic leakage.All patients were followed up for a median time of 12 months (range,1-45 months).Meanwhile,we found no significant biliary strictures and cholangitis patients.Conclusion Gastrobiliary duct drainage is a simple,rational and effective treatment for iatrogenic injury of distal common bile duct during common bile duct exploration.

Objective To investigate the effects of changing the arteriovenous pressure difference on the survival area of reverse island flap in New Zealand white rabbits models.Methods The saphenous artery and saphenous vein of New Zealand rabbits were selected to design experimental models of reverse island flap.Experi mental rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups:group A:control group (reserved pedicle integrity of superficial veins);group B:part anastomosis of saphenous artery group (the distal saphenous artery of the flap was cut,then trimmed its original diameter to half and done end-to-end anastomosis);group C:part anastomosis of vein group (distal superficial veins was cut,then trimmed its original diameter to half and done end-to-end anastomosis);group D:ligated superficial veins group (pedicle superficial veins was ligated).After surgery,the flaps were measured by general observation.Blood distribution at different times of the flaps was detected by radionuclide scans.Survival area of the flap was measured to compare the survival rate of flap.Distribution of blood vessels and the state of blood cells were observed by Histological examination.Results The flap survival rate was (82.27-± 11.71)％ in group B,showing significant differences when compared with that group A (47.70-± 11.18)％,group C (47.70 ± 11.18)％ and group D (47.70 ± 11.18)％ (P ＜ 0.05).Radionuclide scans showed that the radioactive material in group B could be seen clearly,the radioactive material in groups A,C and D were a transient existence.Ten days postoperatively,histological observation showed that group B had more capillary regeneration and blood cells remain compared with other groups.Conclusion Increase the blood supply can increase the survival area of the reverse island flap,and simply promote the venous drainage can not effectively improve the survival rate of the flap.

Objective: To investigate the protective effect of shenduqing Granules on chronic renal insufficiency in rats. Methods: The rat model of chronic renal insufficiency was made by feeding 0.75% adenine forage. The blood biochemical indexes, ion concentration in serum of rat was measured and the pathological changes of rat kidney were observed. Results: Shenduqing Granules obviously increased thymus index (TI). The weight of rat kidney in the treatment group was lighter than that of the model group. The kidney histomorphological study showed that Shenduqing Granules obvionsly reduce the pathological changes. The drug crystals were also reduced. Conclusion: Shenduqing Granules has the potential protection against chronic renal insufficiency in rats.

ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation between the level of resistin and the insulin resistance(IR) and the incorporation of microamount albuminuria(MA) of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).MethodsTwo hundred and twenty T2DM patients and 40 normal subjects (control group) were enrolled in this study.Two hundred and twenty T2DM patients were divided into 4 groups,IR group (group A,79 cases),non-IR group (group B,48 cases),IR complicating MA group (group C,51 cases),non-IR complicating MA group(group D,42 cases).The fasting serum resistin was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA),and the fasting plasma glucose (FPG),glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c),fasting insulin (FINS) was also determined.ResultsThe level of fasting serum resistin in group A,B,C and D was higher than that in control group [(33.45 ± 1.37),(23.36 ± 1.47),(44.45 ± 1.39),(37.45 ±1.57) μ g/L vs.( 17.44 ± 1.26 ) μ g/L],and there was significant difference among 5 groups (P ＜ 0.01 ).The level of fasting serum resistin in group A was higher than that in group B (P ＜ 0.01 ),and the level of fasting serum resistin in group C was higher than that in group D (P ＜ 0.01 ).The level of fasting serum resistin was both higher in group C and D than that in goup A and B (P＜ 0.01 ).Correlation analysis showed the fasting serum resistin was positively correlated with body mass index(BMI),FPG,HbA1c and FINS in group A(r =0.35,0.46,0.37,0.49,P ＜0.05),and the fasting serum resistin was positively correlated with HbA1c,BMI,systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure in group C(r =0.45,0.32,0.37,0.29,P ＜ 0.05 ).ConclusionsSerum resistin may participate in the process of IR and the formation of MA.It may become one of the diagnostic standard of the IR and one of the important index to estimate the MA.