Calculi ; chemically induced ; Ceftriaxone ; adverse effects ; Child ; Humans ; Lithiasis ; chemically induced

The acute and chronic respiratory tract inflammation models were made to investigate the effect and mechanism of sterol extracts from Begonia Sinensis Rhizome (BSR). The first model of acute lung injury was made with Kunming mice by inhaling cigarette smoke, then the mice were treated with different concentrations of BSR sterol extracts. Lung tissue morphology was detected by HE staining, TNF-alpha/MPO were detected by Elisa, and cPLA2 protein were, detected by Western blotting respectively. Results showed that in model group, lung sheet became real, alveolar space shrank or disappeared, alveolar septum was thickened, plenty of inflammatory cells were infiltrated, capillary blood vessels were congestive and the expression of TNF-α, MPO, cPLA2 increased; after administration, a small amount of inflammatory cells were infiltrated, alveolar septum became obvious, capillary congestion status was significantly relieved and the expression of TNF-α, MPO, cPLA2 decreased (P < 0.05). The second model of chronic respiratory tract inflammation in BALB/c mice with bronchial asthma was induced by OVA, then the mice were treated with different concentrations of BSR sterol extracts. Lung tissue morphology was detected by HE staining, indexes such as IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 were detected by Elisa, and the cPLA2 protein expression was detected by Western blotting respectively. Results showed that in model group, a lot of inflammatory cells around lung vessels and bronchi exuded, bronchial goblet cells proliferated and the expression of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, cPLA2 increased; after administration, inflammatory and goblet cell hyperplasia reduced, the expression of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, cPLA2 also decreased (P < 0.05). The above results showed BSR sterol extracts could resist against respiratory inflammation by inhibiting cPLA2 in a dose-dependent manner.
Animals ; Asthma ; drug therapy ; genetics ; immunology ; Begoniaceae ; chemistry ; Cytokines ; genetics ; immunology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Interleukin-13 ; genetics ; immunology ; Interleukin-4 ; genetics ; immunology ; Interleukin-5 ; genetics ; immunology ; Lung ; immunology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Sterols ; administration & dosage

Liver ischemia reperfusion injury is a common pathophysiological process in hepatic surgery,which is the consequence of multiple mechanisms such as oxidative stress,inflammatory reaction,apoptosis,and autophagy and so on.However,the molecular mechanisms behind these processes have not been completely elucidated,the current treatment of liver I/R injury is merely supportive care,and thus new therapeutic strategies are needed.The recent studies indicate that the ischemic precondition and pharmacological precondition may protect the liver against hepatic ischemiareperfusion injury.It will be an important clinical significance of further studying its molecular mechanisms and protective strategies.

Radiation proctitis is one of the complications after radiotherapy for pelvic malignancies.Surgery is not necessary for the most of radiation proctitis.However, surgery is unavoidable when rectal obstruction, uncontrollable bleeding, and fistula occur. This article reviews the progress in surgical treatment of radiation proctitis.

AIM:To establish an HPLC-ELSD method for determing dulcitol and astragaloside in Compound Fufangteng Capsules(Radix et Rhizoma Ginseng rubra,Radix Astragali,Herba Euonymi,etc).METHOD:Chro-matographic conditions included Lichrospher 5-NH_2 column(250 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m)and the mobile phase consisting of a mixture of acetonitrile-water(91 ∶9).The flow rate of mobile phase was 1.0 mL/min.The column tempe-rature was at 28 ℃.Detector:PL-ELS2100 ELSD(Eva:65 ℃,Ned:50 ℃,gas flow:0.9 L/min).RESULTS:The linear ranges of dulcitol and astragaloside were 2.91-29.1 ?g(r= 0.999 8)and 1.03-10.3 ?g(r= 0.999 1),respectively.The average recoveries of dulcitol and astragaloside were 99.24% and 103.17% with corresponding RSD of 2.6 % and 1.8%(n=6),respectively.CONCLUSION:The method is steady and with good repeatability,and can be used to determine the content of dulcitol and astragaloside in Compound Fufangteng Capsules.

Protein is the executor of physiological function, and direct embodiment of the life phenomena. Proteomics aims to systematically clarify all or parts of proteins' role and function in life movement. In post genome era, proteomics began to play more important role in life science field. Actinobacteria are closely linked to human production and life, which have produced many clinically important secondary metabolites, including antibiotics, antitumorals and enzymes. Actinobacterial systematics and its model organism Streptomyces coelicolor in 2001 genome sequence laid the foundation for further functional genomic studies. Actinobacterial proteomics was more directly and exactly to interpret the activity of life than genomics and transcriptomics, which grew much faster and received so much attention from scientists in the near years. Complex morphological differention, stronge environment adaptiveness, nitrogen-fixing capacity, metabolic mechanism, pathogenicity and natural produces' discovery were systematically reviewed in this study, which was expected to be the basis for promoting Actinobacterial proteomics study in the near future.
Actinobacteria ; genetics ; metabolism ; Genomics ; Proteomics ; Streptomyces coelicolor ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To discuss the clinical results of lateral locking plate combined with bone grafting in the treatment of distal femoral fractures in the elderly.Methods Between January 2006 and December 2013,112 senile patients with distal femoral fracture were treated at our department by lateral locking plate combined with bone grafting.They were 16 men and 96 women,aged from 67 to 85 years (average,76.1 years).By AO classification,48 cases were type 33-A1,11 type 33-A2,3 type 33-A3,7 type 33-B1,4 type 33-B2,32 type 33-C1,and 7 type 33-C2.All of them had a previous history of osteopenia.By the Singh index classification,22 cases were rated as grade Ⅰ,74 as grade Ⅱ,13 as grade Ⅲ,and 3 as grade Ⅳ.Postoperatively,the patients conformed to regular follow-up,accepted functional rehabilitation and continued medication for osteopenia.Radiographic examinations were conducted to observe fracture healing.At the last follow-up,the function of involved knee was assessed according to the criteria by Karlstrom and Olerud.Results All the 112 patients completed their follow-ups,ranging from 10 to 48 months (average,16 months).All fractures united primarily after an average of 4.2 months (range,from 3.5 to 5.0 months).According to the criteria by Karlstrom and Olerud,93 cases were rated as excellent,10 as good and 9 as fair,giving a good-to-excellent rate of 92.0％.No such complications as nonunion,malunion,plate breakage,or screw loosening were observed during the follow-ups.Conclusion Lateral locking plate combined with bone grafting is effective for the treatment of distal femoral fractures in the elderly,if followed by postoperative anti-osteopenia therapy and early functional exercises.

Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma subtyping.Methods 206 cases with renal tumors were confirmed by pathology and surgery from June 2012 to June 2014,including 113 male cases and 93 female cases.The mean age was 54 years (range 23-80 years).The subtype of renal tumor included clear cell carcinoma in 147 cases,papillary cell carcinoma in 32 cases,chromophobe cell carcinoma in 27 cases.All patients were received the CEUS before operation.The enhancement patterns,degree of enhancement,the appearance of necrosis and the time-intensity curve by contrast-enhanced ultrasound were analyzed.Results Enhancement patterns of CEUS were showed by fast in and fast out in 63.9％ (94/147)cases with clear cell carcinoma,59.4％ (19/32) cases with papillary cell carcinoma,51.9％ (14/27) cases with chromophobe cell carcinoma.Statistical significant diference was shown among those subtype groups (P ＜ 0.05).Most of the clear cell carcinomas (127/147,86.4％) showed hyperenhancing.While,the papillary renal cell carcinoma (22/32,68.8％) and chromophobe cell carcinoma (15/27,55.6％) showed hypoenhancing (P ＜ 0.05).The rate of necrosis in clear renal cell carcinoma was 62.6％ (92/147),and 59.4％ (19/32) in papillary cell carcinoma.necrosis area accounted for only 18.5％ (5/27)in chromophobe cell carcinoma (P ＜ 0.05).In the time-intensity curve analysis,the initial time,the average arrival time,the time to peak and area under the curve in renal cortex was (11.06 ± 2.75) s,(23.42 ± 2.79) s,(27.47 ± 3.02) dB,(35.01 ± 2.94)dB,respectively.Significant differences in those items were found in clear cell carcinoma,which was(8.01 ± 1.89) s,(20.05 ± 3.01) s,(30.03 ± 2.98) dB,(37.64 ± 4.01) dB respectively,compared with those in cortex (P ＜ 0.05).The arrival time,time to peak,peak intensity and area under the curve in papillary cell carcinoma were (1 1.12 ± 2.43) s,(27.29 ± 3.54) s,(20.13 ± 2.67) dB,(34.67 ±3.24) dB,respectively.The curve showed the time to peak was higher and the peak intensity were lower than those of renal cortex (P ＜0.05).The arrival time,time to peak,peak intensity and area under the curve in chromophobe cell carcinoma were (11.32 ± 2.90) s,(22.21 ± 3.62) s,(22.02 ± 2.52) dB,(28.67 ± 3.65) dB,respectively.The curve demonstrated peak intensity and area under the curve were lower than those of surrounding renal cortex (P ＜ 0.05).The increase of tumor diameter after contrast-enhanced ultrasound in clear cell carcinoma was about (0.35 ± 0.11)cm and in nonclear cell carcinoma was about (0.23 ± 0.10) cm (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The contrast-enhanced ultrasound played an important role in diagnosis and subtype renal cell carcinoma.

Diagnosis, Differential ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Phytotherapy ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ; drug therapy ; prevention & control

Objective To explore the factors in frequency and degree of risk behavior in adolescents,as well find the way to cope with adolescent mental health. Methods 1369 middle students and college students were measured by Risky Behavior Questionnaire for Adolescents (RBQ-A) ,and analyzed the data. Results (1) There were statistically significant among the different age in difference of risky behaviors except aggressive and/or violent behaviors. Males scored higher than females in unsafe sexual practices, aggressive and/or violent behaviors, dangerous,destructive,and/or illegal behaviors,alcohol and/or drug use and smoking(P<0.05 orP<0.01). Students in city scored higher than rural students in dangerous,destructive,and/or illegal behaviors and alcohol and/or drug use(P<0.05 or P< 0.01). Families with high income scored higher than low income in unsafe sexual practices and rule breaking(P< 0.05 or P< 0.01). Families with low income scored higher than high income residences in dangerous,destructive,and/or illegal behaviors and alcohol and/or drug use(P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). (2) The significant differences were existed in unsafe sexual practices,aggressive and/or violent behaviors,dangerous, destructive,and/or illegal behaviors,alcohol and/or drug use and smoking between males and females (P<0.05 or P<0.01).The significant differences were existed in dangerous,destructive,and/or illegal behaviors and alcohol and/or drug use between groups of 16 years old and 14 ～ 15 years old (P < 0. 05 or P < 0. 01). The significant differences were existed in dangerous,destructive,and/or illegal behaviors between urban and rural students (P< 0.05 orP<0.01).The significant differences were existed in total scores in gender and urban and rural(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion The significant differences are existed in rate of risky behaviors in gender,age,urban and rural. But there is different degree existed in it.