Objective To evaluate the effect of sleep dysfunction on sedation induced by propofol in the patients undergoing radical mastectomy.Methods One hundred breast cancer patients,aged 25-60 yr,with body mass index of 19-23 kg/m2,of ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ,scheduled for elective modified radical mastectomy,were randomly divided into 2 groups according to sleep quality.The patients with global Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score ≤7 served as regular sleep quality group (Ⅰ group,n =59).The patients with global PSQI score ＞ 7 served as sleep dysfunction group (group Ⅱ,n =41).Anesthesia was induced with propofol given by target-controlled infusion (target plasma concentration of 3.5 μg/ml),and then with remifentanil 4 μg/kg and rocuronium 0.6 mg/kg after loss of consciousness.The consumption of propofol at loss of consciousness was recorded.Results Compared with group Ⅰ,the consumption of propofol at loss of consciousness was significantly decreased in group Ⅱ.Conclusion Sleep dysfunction can enhance propofol-induced sedation in the patients undergoing radical mastectomy.

Objective To evaluate the effect of chemotherapy on sedation with propofol in breast cancer patients.Methods One hundred female patients,of ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ,aged 20-60 yr,scheduled for elective modified radical mastectomy,were divided into 2 groups (n =50 each) according to whether receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy before operation:non-chemotherapy group (group Ⅰ) and neoadjuvant chemotherapy group (group Ⅱ).The breast cancer patients received operation directly in group Ⅰ.The breast cancer patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy in group Ⅱ.Epirubicin 75-100 mg/m2 was injected intravenously on 1st and 2nd days,docetaxel 75 mg/m2 was injected intravenously on 3rd day,and 3 weeks were considered as 1 course of treatment.The patients received operation at 3 weeks after the end of 4 courses of treatment in group 1.Anesthesia was induced with propofol given by target-controlled infusion and the target plasma concentration of propofol was 3.5 μg/ml.The time for loss of consciousness and consumption of propofol at loss of consciousness were recorded.Results Compared with group Ⅰ,the time for loss of consciousness was significantly shortened,and the consumption of propofol at loss of consciousness and BIS value were decreased in group Ⅱ.Conclusion Chemotherapy can enhance propofol-induced sedation and promote the onset of propofol in breast cancer patients.

AIM To observe the endometrium receptivity of polycystic ovary syndrome patients and research advance of expression of HOXA10 in endometrium.METHODS Eighty PCOS patients were divided into treatment group and control group,40 persons in each group randomly.The control group was treated with clomiphene (CC) + human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG) + human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG),and the treatment group was treated with CC + HMG + HCG + Yin-Nourishing Yang-Supplementing.After 3 periods,take a record for below:endometrial thickness (Em) in the middle,advanced stage and mid-secretory phase of hyperplasia endometrii,the levels of spiral artery PI/RI in midluteum endometrium,the levels in serum of E2 and P in midluteum endometrium,the expression of HOXA10 mRNA from both groups,clinical pregnancy rate and abortion rate for each group.RESULTS Compared with the control group,endometrial thickness in the treatment group was increased and there is statistical difference in the middle and late follicle phases (P ＜ 0.05),but there was no statistical difference in midluteum endometrium (P ＞ 0.05);the level of E2 and P in the treatment group were raised (P ＜0.05) with statistical significance;PI and RI were obviously contracted (P ＜ 0.01).Expression of HOXA10 mRNA was increased (P ＜ 0.01).Compared with the control group,the treatment group had a significant difference in pregnancy rate (P ＜ 0.05).The abortion rate was lower,but there was no statistical significance (P ＞ 0.05).CONCLUSION Yin-Nourishing Yang-Supplementing Treatment can obtain higher pregnancy rate and lower abortion rate of PCOS patients and the mechanism might be associated with raising the expression of HOXA10 mRNA and reducing spiral artery PI/RI,also improving the function of corpus luteum treatment,then to improve the receptivity of endometrium.Yin-Nourishing Yang-Supplementing Treatment is well worth popularizing in further clinical application.

Objective To investigate the effects of fentanyl and remifentanil on the viability of human adenocarcinoma cell line A549.Methods Human adenocarcinoma A549 cells cultured in logarithmic growth phase were seeded in 75 ml culture bottles or 96-well plates.After being cultured for 24 h,the cells were randomly divided into 9 groups (n =30 each):4 fentanyl groups (groups F1-4 ),4 remifentanil groups (groups RF1-4 ) and control group (group C).Groups F1-4 were exposed to fentanyl with the final concentrations of 0.5,5.0,50.0 and 500.0 ng/ml respectively.Groups RF1-4 were exposed to remifentanil with the final concentrations of 0.5,5.0,50.0 and 500.0 ng/ml respectively.The viability of the cells was determined by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay after being incubated for 24,48 and 72 h.The cell cycle progression and apoptosis were determined by flow cytometry after being incubated for 24 h.Results Compared with group C,the viability of A549 cells were gradually decreased at 72 h of incubation,the proportion of the cells in S phase was gradually decreased at 24 h of incubation,and the proportion of the cells in G2/M phase and apoptotic rate were gradually increased in groups F2-4 and in groups RF2-4 ( P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Fentanyl and remifentanil with the final concentration ≥5 ng/ml can inhibit the viability of human adenocarcinoma cell line A549 in a dose-independent manner by inducing cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase.

Hepatitis B, Chronic ; physiopathology ; psychology ; Humans ; Liver ; physiopathology ; Stress, Psychological ; physiopathology

Aged ; Bacterial Infections ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Female ; Hepatitis, Chronic ; complications ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; complications ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Peritonitis ; drug therapy ; etiology

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the association of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) + 49A/G polymorphism with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in children.

METHODSPapers about the association of CTLA4+49A/G polymorphism with T1DM in children were collected by searching PubMed, EBSCO, CBM, CNKI, and Wanfang Data. A meta-analysis was performed to examine differences in the genotypes (AG, GG, and GG+AG) and G allele at position 49 of the CTLA-4 gene between a childhood T1DM group and a control group.

RESULTSA total of 10 papers involving 1084 T1DM children and 1338 healthy children were included. The Meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the association of the genotypes (AG, GG, and GG+AG) and the G allele at position 49 of the CTLA-4 gene with T1DM using a fixed effect model according to the heterogeneity test results of all studies. The pooled OR values (95% CI) were 1.13 (0.97-1.33), 1.42 (1.16-1.75), 1.20 (1.03-1.40), and 1.21 (1.09-1.33), suggesting a significant difference in genotypes (AG, GG, and GG+AG) and the G allele at position 49 of the CTLA-4 gene between the two groups.

CONCLUSIONSCTLA-4 +49A/G polymorphism is associated with T1DM in children.

CTLA-4 Antigen ; genetics ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 ; genetics ; Genotype ; Humans ; Polymorphism, Genetic

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of flurbiprofen preemptive analgesia combined with intravenous propofol anesthesia in induced abortion.

METHODSTotally 175 women (ASA class I) undergoing induced abortion were randomized into 5 groups. In K10, K5, and K1 groups, the patients were given 50 mg flurbiprofen 10, 5 and 1 min before the operation, respectively, and in F group, 1 microg/kg of fentanyl was administered 10 min before the operation. All the 4 groups had intravenous induction with 2 mg/kg propofo1. The patients in P group received propofol at 2 mg/kg as the control group. The heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and SpO2 were monitored during the operation, and the induction time, recovery time, propofol dosage and adverse effect were recorded. The anesthetic effect of the protocols was assessed according to the visual analogue scale (VAS) and the overall patient satisfaction.

RESULTSHR, MAP, propofol consumption and the incidences of adverse effects during the operation were significantly higher in P group than in the other groups. F group had the highest incidence of respiratory depression among the 5 groups. The VAS in K10 group was significantly lower than that in K5 and K1 groups (P<0.05), but similar to that in F group (P>0.05). The overall patients' satisfaction was significantly higher than that in the other 4 groups.

CONCLUSIONFlurbiprofen preemptive analgesia combined with intravenous propofol is safe and effective for anesthesia during induced abortion.

Abortion, Induced ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Analgesics ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Anesthesia ; methods ; Anesthetics, Intravenous ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Female ; Flurbiprofen ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Propofol ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Time Factors ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the current status of penis and testicular development in boys and the effects of overweight/obesity on their development in the Zhengzhou area of Henan Province.

METHODSHeight, weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, penis length and testicular volume were measured in 3 546 4 to 12-year-old boys. The penis length and testicular volume were compared between the overweight/obesity and normal weight groups.

RESULTSBefore 9 years of age, the testicular volume was progressively smaller, and after 9 years old, it gradually increased. By the age of 11, it increased rapidly. The penis length increased gradually between 4 and 11 years of age, and after the age of 11 it increased rapidly. Phimosis was found in 144 cases (4.01%) and cryptorchidism was found in 18 cases (0.51%). A total of 639 (18.02%) boys were overweight or obese among 3 546 boys. At the ages of 6 and 7 years, the testicular volume in the overweight/obesity group was greater than in the normal control group (P<0.05). The penis length in the overweight/obesity group was significantly shorter than in the normal control group (P<0.05) by the age of 11 years. The correlation analysis showed that the testicular volume at the ages of 4 and 5 years was positively correlated with height, weight, BMI, waist circumference and hip circumference in overweight/obese boys. The penis length at the ages of 7 and 8 years was negatively correlated with weight, waist circumference and hip circumference. By the age of 12 years, the penis length was positively correlated with the height.

CONCLUSIONSThe development of penis and testicles in boys in the Zhengzhou area is in line with the level of sex development of Chinese boys. Overweight/obesity adversely affects the development of penis and testicles.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Humans ; Male ; Obesity ; epidemiology ; physiopathology ; Overweight ; epidemiology ; physiopathology ; Penis ; growth & development ; Testis ; growth & development

Objective To observe the effects of intracerebroventricular administration of exogenous brain-derived neurotrophie factor (BDNF) at different intervals on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion(I/R)injuries in rats. Methods A total of 70 adult male Wistar rats,weighring 250-300g,were randomly divided into normal control group(group C,n=10),ischemia-reperfusion group(group I/P,n=10)and BDNF-treatment groups([12 or 6 h before ischemia,at just the moment performing ischemia,60r12 h after ischemia][group A1,A2,A3,A4 and A5],n=10).Focal cerebral I/R model was established in rats by reversible left middle cerebral artery occlusion with filament.BDNF(0.5μg)was microinjected into the left lateral ventricular of the rats in the BDNF-treatment groups.The activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD)in the brain tissue were measured by xanthine oxidase method and the contents of malondialdehyde(MDA)in the brain tissue were determined by thiobarbituric acid method.Neuron apoptosis in the brain cortex was identified by TUNEL.One left brain cortex(1 mmx×1mm)was removed randomly in each group to observe the ultrastructure changes of cerebral tissue under electron microscope. Results Compared with those in the group I/R,the activity of SOD was increased significantly but the content of MDA was decreased significantly in ischemia brain tissue in every BDNF-treatmnent group (P<0.05).The index of apoptotic neuron cells in the BDNF-treatment groups was decreased significantly as compared with that in the group I/R(P<0.05).The activity of SOD in the brain tissue(25.02±2.77,24.01±1.03)was higher and the content of MDA(10.35±1.23,12.29±0.92)and the index of neuron apoptosis(21.77±3.56.23.84±2.63)were lower in the BDNF-treatment groups than those in the other 2 groups at 12 or 6 h before ischemia (P<0.05).The ultrastructure of the cerebral tissue in each BDNF treatment group was improved to different degree,but that in I/R group was seriously damaged. Conclusion Intracerebroventricular administration of BDNF at different time intervals, significantly decreasing the oxidative stress and the neuron apoptosis rate,has obvious protective effect in a time-dependent manner on brain injury and intracerebroventricular microinjection of BDNF before ischemia has a far better effect.