Promyelocytic leukemia (PML) protein can regulate many cellular processes, Here we summarize the role of PML protein in cell and mechanisms according to researches in recent years.

Objective To investigate the effect ofnarrow-band ultraviolet-B(NB-UVB)(311 nm)on dendrite formation in B16 melanoma cells.Methods B16 melanoma cells were irradiated with various doses of NB-UVB(0,25,50,100,200,300 mJ/cm2).Atier additional culture of varying durations,irradiated cells were harvested and subjected to the observation of morphological changes and cell cytoskeleton F-actin microfilaments by phase contrast microscopy and laser scanning confocal microscopy(LSCM).respectively,and to the detection of cell proliferation bv MTT colorimetric assay.Pull down assay was performed to detect the activity of GTP-RhoAA and GTP-Rac1 in B16 cells before and after UVB irradiation.Results Twenty-four hours after irradiation with UVB of 100 mJ/cm2.an increase was observed in the cell body of B16 cells which appeared in sphericity,as well as in the number of dendrites(P＜0.01)which showed a branch-like appearance.compared with non-irradiated cells which had 2-3 dendrites and obscure branches.LSCM revealed that F-actin microfilaments in B16 cells were well organized with clear textures before irradiation;after irradiation wim NB-UVB of 100 mJ/cm2.stress fibers were disassembled and disrupted and the texture became unclear,which was observed as early as 30 minutes and became more and more evident,and at 6 hours the stress fibers displayed a clumping appearance with obscure textures.Following the irradiation with NB-UVB of 100 mJ/cm2,the expression level of GTP-Rac 1 protein increased at l 5 minutes,and.at 30minutes,reached 2 times of that observed in nonirradiated cells,then decreased a liale,but still remained elevated at 60 minutes and 120 minutes,compared to unirradiated cells;meanwhile.the level of GTP-RhoA dropped a little at 30 minutes,then gradually increased and,at 120 minutes.reached 1.6 times of that observed in unirradiated cells.Conclusion Narrow-band UVB(311 nm)can promote dendrite formation.likely via regulating the expression of GTP-Racl and GTP-RhoA in B16 melanoma cells.

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of dihydroartemisinin (DHA) combined irradiation on the apoptosis of human lung cancer GLC-82 cells and to study its mechanism.

METHODSThe growth inhibition rate of GLC-82 cells acted by different concentrations DHA was detected using MTT assay at 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively. Clone forming test was used. With multi-target single-hit model, the radiosensitization effect was assessed by calculating sensitizing enhancement ratio (SER).The effect of DHA combined irradiation on the apoptosis of GLC-82 cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were measured by flow cytometry. The protein expression of p53, p21, Bcl-2, and Bax were detected by Western blot.

RESULTSDifferent concentrations DHA (4, 8, 16, 32, 64, and 128 μg/mL) had cytotoxicity on GLC-82 cells. The IC50 for 24, 48, and 72 h was 38.25,20.58, and 10.36 μg/mL, respectively, in obvious dose- and time-dependent manner. The growth inhibition rate was more significantly increased than that of the blank control group (P < 0.01, P<0.05). DHA had sensitization enhancement effect on GLC-82 cells, with SER of 1.4. DHA combined irradiation could obviously change the structure of GLC-82 cells cell cycle and induce apoptosis (with the apoptosis rate of 21.5%), which was significantly different from that of the blank control group (P < 0.05). Western blot showed the expression of p53 and p21 protein could be increased by DHA combined irradiation, and the expression of Bcl-2 protein down-regulated (P <0.01, P <0. 05).

CONCLUSIONSDHA had stronger cytotoxicity and radiosensitization on GLC-82 cells. Its mechanisms might lie in making the arrest of GLC-82 cells' growth at G0/G1 phase, decreasing the ratio of cells at S phase, restoring the function of p53, decreasing the expression of Bcl-2 protein, and inducing apoptosis in GLC-82 cells.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Artemisinins ; pharmacology ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Down-Regulation ; drug effects ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Proteins ; metabolism ; Radiation-Sensitizing Agents ; pharmacology ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the structural and functional changes of internal anal sphincter (IAS) in children with functional constipation (FC), and to evaluate the association between the thickness of IAS and the severity of clinical symptoms.

METHODSA total of 35 children with FC(constipation group,17 with incontinence) between June 2008 and December 2008 at the Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University were evaluated using anal manometry and endosonography. These patients were compared to 23 hospitalized children who were excluded for digestive and endocrinal diseases(control group). A validated symptom score(SS) was used to assess the severity of symptoms. The sum of SS ranged between 0 and 65.

RESULTSAnorectal manometry showed reflex relaxation of IAS in response to distension of rectal balloon in all patients. Rectal perceptional threshold in FC group was significantly higher than that in the controls[(42.4 ± 19.5) ml vs.(29.1 ± 15.6) ml, P<0.05]. The lowest volume for inducing reflex relaxation of IAS was significantly higher than that in the controls [(55.6 ± 31.6) ml vs.(30.5 ±13.8) ml, P<0.05]. The thickening of IAS was noted in all the patients[(3.8 ± 1.7) mm vs.(2.5 ± 1.0) mm, P<0.05]. However, there was no significant difference between FC and control in median resting anal sphincter pressure[(170.8 ± 62.3) mm Hg vs. (161.3 ± 51.1) mm Hg, P>0.05]. The median symptom score was 9.3 ± 4.3 in the FC group. The thickness of IAS correlated significantly with total symptom severity score(r=0.407, P<0.05). There was no correlation between thickness of IAS and age, sex, or duration of disease(P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONSStructural and functional changes of internal anal sphincter exist in children with functional constipation. The thickness of internal anal sphincter correlates significantly with symptom severity.

Anal Canal ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Constipation ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Endosonography ; Female ; Humans ; Male

OBJECTIVETo study the expression and significance of cyclin E, cyclin D1, CDK4 and p27 protein in esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) and their correlation with tumor differentiation and lymph node metastasis.

METHODSExpressions of cyclin E, cyclin D1, CDK4 and p27 protein in 65 patients with ESCC were quantitatively detected by flow cytometry.

RESULTSThe expressions of cyclin E, cyclin D1, CDK4 in poorly-differentiated ESCC were higher than those in well-differentiated ESCC (P = 0.0275, 0.0001, 0.0174). The expression of p27 in poorly-differentiated ESCC was lower than that in well-differentiated ESCC (P = 0.0042). There was positive correlation between cyclin E and cyclin D1, cyclin D1 and CDK4, but negative correlation between cyclin D1 and p27. The expressions of all four proteins were not correlated with lymph node metastasis.

CONCLUSIONThe expressions of cyclin E, cyclin D1, CDK4 and p27 are closely related to tumor differentiation of ESCC. An imbalance between positive and negative control of cell cycling might be critical in the carcinogenesis of esophageal squamous cell cancer.

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; secondary ; Cell Differentiation ; Cyclin D1 ; metabolism ; Cyclin E ; metabolism ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4 ; metabolism ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27 ; metabolism ; Cyclins ; metabolism ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo investigate an safe and effective new technology (treatment) to repair maxillofacial region penetrating defect.

METHODSThe lower trapezius musculocutaneous flap is parallel just like as two leaves which is connected to each other, and was folded to provide the liner of oral cavity and external cover.

RESULTSTotally twelve folding lower trapezius musculocutaneous pedicle flap survived. Postoperative follow-up for 1 approximately 3 years, the patients restored the function as well as the shape of maxillofacial region.

CONCLUSIONSThe lower trapezius musculocutaneous pedicle flap is a suitable material for maxillofacial region reconstruction, further more, the successful rate is perfect.

Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mouth Neoplasms ; surgery ; Muscle, Skeletal ; transplantation ; Oral Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Skin Transplantation ; methods ; Surgical Flaps ; Treatment Outcome

Objectives: To investigate the relationships between the stability of carotid plaque and serum Lp-PLA2, A-FABP levels in hypertensive postmenopausal women. Methods: 195 postmenopausal women with hypertension were selected and divided into non-plaque group, stable plaque group and unstable plaque group according to the results of carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and plaque types derived from color doppler ultrasonography. In addition, 40 healthy postmenopausal women were recruited as normal control group. The serum Lp-PLA2 and A-FABP levels of all subjects were measured. Lp-PLA2 and A-FABP levels were compared among four groups by One-Way ANOVA. Spearman correlation analysis and multiple logistic regression analysis were also performed. Results: Plaque group included 123 subjects (unstable plaque group: 29 cases; stable plaque group: 94 cases), and non-plaque group included 72 subjects. The average serum A-FABP level was significantly higher in unstable plaque group [(172.60±33.70) ng/L] than in non-plaque group[(133.04±29.49) ng/L], P<0.05. Serum Lp-PLA2 level was similar between the four groups, P>0.05. Serum A-FABP level was positively correlated with the carotid plaque (r=0.3446, P=0.0049);serum Lp-PLA2 level was not correlated with the carotid plaque (r=0.2058, P=0.0996). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that high A-FABP level was associated with stable plaque in hypertensive postmenopausal women (P=0.040, OR=1.017, 95%CI: 1.001~1.033), which was also associated with unstable plaque in this population (P=0.003, OR=1.031, 95%CI: 1.010~1.052). Conclusions: The level of A-FABP is a determinant responsible for the occurrence and stability of carotid plaque among hypertensive postmenopausal women. There was no correlation between Lp-PLA2 level and the stability of carotid plaque in this patient cohort.

Objective To establish the animal model for the study of children with moderate blood lead levels in young rabbits,for the study of the ideal therapy for moderate lead poisoning in children.Methods Sixteen 45-day-old male New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into control and lead-exposed group,8 in each group.Rabbits in the lead-exposed group were treated with 5 mg/(kg?d)lead acetate in their forage for 6 weeks to establish moderate lead poisoning animal model.The blood lead levels(BLLs)were determined by atomic absorption spectrometer(AAS),and the urine lead levels and the lead concentrations of tissue and organ were determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry(ICP-MS).Histopathology in tissue and organ was observed under the light microscope.Results The BLLs and the urine lead levels in lead-exposed group step up rapidly in primal weeks,then retained at a steady levels.The BLLs exhibited moderate level BLLs during the lead exposure period.Compared with control group,the body weight gain,testis and hippocampus wet coefficient of the lead-exposed group significantly decreased(P_a

Objective To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) among elderly people in communities of Nanning, so as to provide scientific basis for the formulation of MCI early intervention measures. Methods A total of sample of 3 000 elderly people aged 60 or above living in Nanning area were sampled out using the method of cluster random sampling from three communities in Nanning. The Beijing version of the montreal cognitive assessment (MOCA-BJ) was administered by face to face interview. Results 833 MCI patients were detected. The standardized prevalence rate of MCI was 27.27% by the age composition of the population in Nanning in 2010. Single factor analysis showed that there were significant differences(all P<0.05)in the prevalence of MCI in different groups by age, education, occupation, exercise time, sleep time, number of reading, community activities and housework. Multivariate analysis showed that old age, primary education level, occupation of farmer/migrant worker and enterprise personnel/worker were the risk factors of MCI, adequate sleep time, moderate exercise time and reading times were the protective factors of MCI (all P<0.05). Conclusions The prevalence rate of MCI is high among the elderly in Nanning. The elderly with advanced age, primary school education, occupation as farmer/peasant-worker and enterprise personnel/workerare at high risk of developing MCI. Effective measures should be taken as soon as possible to prevent the occurrence and development of MCI.

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical outcome and complications of Tightrope button plate for repairing acromioclavicular dislocation of Rockwood type III to V.

METHODSFrom May 2014 to December 2016, 17 patients with acromioclavicular dislocation of type III-V were treated with Tightrope button plate including 10 males and 7 females with an average age 39.8 years old ranging from 20 to 68 years old. Four patients were treated with arthroscopy and 17 patients were treated with mini-invasive by X-ray assisted. Shoulder function, X-ray and complications after operation were assessed.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up for 5 to 23 months with a mean of 10.8 months. All patients got satisfying reduction immediately postoperatively. Among them, 1 case of clavicle end wound foreign body reaction, rupture, effusion, healing after the second suture; 1 case of foreign body granuloma formation at the end of clavicle were resected and removed at 4 months after operation; 3 cases loss reduction(less than 50% of acromioclavicular joint). No coracoid fracture and suture breakage observed. The shoulder mobility was restored in 15 cases at 4 to 6 weeks postoperatively, and the shoulder adhesion in 2 cases was delayed to 5 to 7 months after operation. The Constant scores were improved from 46.9±6.0 preoperatively to 92.7±4.0 at the final follow-up. X-ray evaluation of postoperative coracoclavicular tunnel location, patients' coracoclavicular tunnel with mini-invasive fluoroscopy all closed to the ideal position (across the clavicle vertically through the coracoid base center), while different degree of tunnel position deviation were observed in arthroscopic patients.

CONCLUSIONSTightrope button plate for the treatment of acromioclavicular joint dislocation had advantages of minimally invasive, effective, good clinical results, the majority of common complications does not affect efficacy. Small incision X-ray method can provide more satisfactory and reliable tunnel location.