Background With the changes of diet and living style,the diabetes has become the major diseases affecting human health.Diabetic cataract is a common complication of diabetes. Objective The present study was to investigate the difference of lens proteomics between diabetic cataract and age related cataract using two dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and mass spectrometry in order to postpone happening of diabetic cataract and offer the effective approach to the prevention and therapy of diabetic cataract. Methods The lenses were obtained from 8 diabetic patients and 12 age-related cataract patients during the surgery to extract the protein by lysis and centrifugation.The lens proteins were separated using immobilized pH gradients 2-DE.Image analysis was carried out using PDQuest Advanced-8.0.1 software package.Significant difference of the crystallines was identified by matrixassisted laser adsorption/ionization time of-flight-mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) and peptide mass fingerprint combined with protein database. Results The maps of 2-DE showed that lens proteins of diabetic cataract and age related cataract were in the section of pH 5-9 with the relative molecular weight 14000-97000;while relative molecular weight of more abundant crystalline was localized at 20000-31000.About 3 differential protein spots were detected by image analysis software.Two crystallines,αB and βB1 crystallin,were identified using MALDI-TOF-MS.Conclusions Proteomic analysis of lens can be accomplished and the proteins can be well separated,moreover,differential proteins can be analyzed using 2-DE and mass spectrometry between diabetic cataract and age related cataract.These results indicate that αB and βB1 crystallin proteins accelerate the development of diabetic cataract.This technique offers a new avenue for clarity of lens proteins of diabetic cataract other than age related cataract.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of the SHARP intervention model for increasing students’ moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) levels,and to provide a reference for physical activity enriching intervention among middle schools students’. Methods: One-year interventional teaching was carried out in 6 schools selected in the terms of scale and demographics from Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province. Data were collected during physical education (intervention group 105, control group 113; pre-intervention 119, post-intervention 99) data for 218 students. MVPA was assessed at baseline and post-intervention using the Observed Health and Coaching Time System(SOFIT). Interviews with 19 teachers were conducted with intervention schools to explore teachers’ views on interventions. Results: The two-way analysis of variance showed that the intervention of the SHARP model had a significant impact on MVPA, VPA, and motor skills of middle school students. Proportion of the average MVPA class time of the intervention school students(62.80±9.11), and the average proportion of the VPA class time of the intervention school(24.33±12.55), the average class time for intervention in the school’s mastery of skills(32.34±11.78)(t=-7.46, -4.82, -12.08, P<0.01). The MVPA of students in control school remained relatively constant while the VPA decreased. Classroom teaching capability improved significantly in intervention schools, which was further confirmed by teacher interviews. Conclusion The SHARP intervention model can effectively increase the MVPA level of middle school students.

Objectives To screen the high-risk population of stroke in China using color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI)and to establish a stroke risk prediction model in Chinese population in order to prevent and treat stroke early. Methods Forty-one base hospitals and 715 286 people in the project areas of the first 6 provinces of China conducted routine physical examinations and investigated the related risk factors for cardiocerebrovascular diseases from July 2011 to April 2012 using a cross-sectional study,among them 61 860 patients underwent carotid CDFI screening,and 49 386 of them were high-risk population (exposed to≥3 risk factors). The bilateral common carotid interma-media thickness (IMT),the number of plaques and the degree of carotid stenosis were screened and documented. And whether carotid IMT thickening or not,with or without carotid plaques,and degree of carotid artery stenotic rate 0-49% and≥50% were performed by multivariate logistic regression analysis with the risk factors for stroke,respectively. Results (1)Logistic regression analysis showed that hypertension,atrial fibrillation,smoking,and lack of physical exercise were the independent risk factors for carotid IMT thickening (hypertension:OR,1. 17;95%CI 1. 12-1. 22;atrial fibrillation:OR,1. 15;95%CI 1. 09-1. 21;smoking:OR,1. 13;95%CI 1. 08-1. 17;and lack of physical exercise:OR,1. 12;95%CI 1.08-1. 16). (2)Hypertension,atrial fibrillation, smoking,and diabetes were the independent risk factors for carotid plaque and carotid artery stenosis rate≥50%(carotid plaque,hypertension:OR,1. 55;95%CI 1. 47-1. 62;atrial fibrillation:OR,1. 13;95%CI 1.06-1. 21;smoking:OR,1. 16;95%CI 1. 11-1. 22;and diabetes:OR,1. 30;95%CI 1. 24-1. 37). Carotid stenosis rate≥50%,hypertension:OR,1. 78;95%CI 1.55-2. 03;atrial fibrillation:OR,1. 59;95%CI 1. 39-1. 81;smoking:OR,1. 33;95%CI 1. 20-1. 48;and diabetes:OR,1. 30;95%CI 1. 17-1. 45. Simple obesity did not increase the incidences of carotid atherosclerotic plaque and carotid artery stenosis ≥50%(OR,0. 78, 0.83;95%CI 0. 75-0. 82 ,0. 75-0. 92,respectively). Conclusions Neck vascular ultrasound can be used as a valuable means for screening high-risk population and detecting risk factors of stroke. It has an important clinical significance for the early diagnosis and treatment of carotid atherosclerosis disease.

OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents of hybridized Bulbus Fritillariae Ussuriensis.

METHODThe chemical constituents were isolated by silica column chromatography and their structures were identified by physical and chemical eveidences and spectral analysis (IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, 2D-NMR, MS).

RESULTSeven compounds were obtained and identified as (20S,25S)5alpha, 14alpha, 17beta-cevanine-6beta-hydroxy-3-one (hupehenirine, ZF1), (20S,25S)5alpha, 14alpha, 17beta-cevanine-3beta-hydroxy-6-one (hupehenizine, ZF2), (20R,25S)5alpha, 14alpha-cevanine-3beta,20beta-dihydroxy-6-one (peiminine, verticinone, ZF3), (20S,25S)5alpha, 14alpha, 17beta-cevanine-3beta, 6beta-dihydroxy (hupehenine, ZF4), (20R,25S)5alpha, 14alpha-cevanine-3beta, 6beta, 20beta-trihydroxy (isoverticine, ZF5), (20R,25S)5alpha, 14alpha-cevanine-3beta, 6alpha, 20beta-trihydroxy (peimine, verticine, ZF6), (20S,25S)5alpha, 14alpha, 17beta-evanine-6beta-hydroxy-3beta-O-beta-D-glucoside (hupeheninoside, ZF7).

CONCLUSIONCompounds ZF1-7 were isolated from hybridized Bulbus Fritillariae Ussuriensis for the first time.

Cevanes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Fritillaria ; chemistry ; classification ; genetics ; Glucosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Hybridization, Genetic ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; classification ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effectiveness of thymectomy for myasthenia gravis (MG) and the relative risk factors for postoperative myasthenic crisis.

METHODSThe clinic data of 78 cases with MG who underwent thymectomy from June 1985 to June 2005 were analyzed retrospectively. The relative risk factors of postoperative myasthenic crisis were analyzed and the differences between new and old region of perioperative management were compared.

RESULTSThe symptom of MG was complete remission in 21 cases, significantly improved in 38 cases, improved in 11 cases and unchanged in 8 cases, respectively. The symptom duration before operation, preoperative serum level of anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody, Osserman stage and pathological type of thymoma were independent relative risk factors for postoperative myasthenic crisis. The new region of perioperative management was significant better than the old one.

CONCLUSIONSurgical treatment shows significant clinical benefits for patients with MG.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Muscle Weakness ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Myasthenia Gravis ; surgery ; Postoperative Complications ; prevention & control ; Retrospective Studies ; Thymectomy ; adverse effects ; methods ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo examine the changes in 25-hydroxyvitamin D[25-(OH)D] level in children with Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) and its clinical significance.

METHODSA total of 92 HSP children were included in this study, and were divided into HSP nephritis (HSPN) group (31 cases) and HSP group (61 cases) based on the presence or absence of HSPN. Alternatively, the patients were divided into purpura alone group (22 cases), purpura with joint symptoms group (joint symptom group, 24 cases), purpura with gastrointestinal symptoms group (gastrointestinal symptom group, 20 cases), and purpura with joint and gastrointestinal symptoms (mixed group, 26 cases) based on their clinical symptoms. In addition, 42 healthy children were selected as healthy control group. The level of 25-(OH)Din each group was measured using enzyme-linked immunoassay.

RESULTSThe 25-(OH)Dlevel in the HSP and HSPN groups was significantly lower than that in the healthy control group (P<0.05), and the 25-(OH)Dlevel in the HSPN group was significantly lower than that in the HSP group (P<0.05). Although there was no significant difference in the 25-(OH)Dlevel between the joint symptom, gastrointestinal symptom, and mixed groups (P=0.22), the 25-(OH)Dlevel in the three groups was all significantly lower than that in the purpura alone group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe level of 25-(OH)Dis reduced in children with HSP, particularly those with HSPN or with joint and gastrointestinal symptoms. Therefore, the reduction in 25-(OH)Dlevel may serve as a predictor of whether HSP is associated with other impairments.

Adolescent ; Calcifediol ; blood ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; Male ; Purpura, Schoenlein-Henoch ; blood

Objective: To compare the therapeutic efficacy between warm needling moxibustion and electroacupuncture (EA) in the treatment of simple obesity due to yang deficiency of the spleen and kidney. Methods: Seventy patients with simple obesity due to yang deficiency of the spleen and kidney were randomly divided into a warm needling moxibustion group and an EA group, with 35 subjects in each group. Same major acupoints were selected for the two groups, including Shuifen (CV 9), Guanyuan (CV 4), Daheng (SP 15), Shuidao (ST 28), Shousanli (LI 10), Zusanli (ST 36), Sanyinjiao (SP 6) and Taixi (KI 3). The warm needling moxibustion group received warm needling moxibustion, while the EA group received EA treatment. The interventions were performed once every other day, with 15 treatments as one course. The therapeutic efficacy, body weight and body mass index (BMI) were then observed and compared. Results: The total effective rate in the warm needling moxibustion group was 85.7％ versus 77.1％ in the EA group, and the between-group difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The warm needling moxibustion was remarkably superior to the EA in weight loss and lowering BMI, both with statistical significance (P<0.05, P<0.01). At the three-month follow-up, the body weight and BMI further decreased in the warm needling moxibustion group (both P<0.05), and the levels were lower than those in the EA group (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion: Warm needling moxibustion can produce reliable and consistent efficacy in the treatment of simple obesity due to yang deficiency of the spleen and kidney. Compared with EA, warm needling moxibustion shows advantage in both short-term and long-term efficacies, and thus is worth promotion in clinical practice.

Objective To study the efficacy of pemetrexed or fluorouracil in combination with irinotecan in the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer. Methods 68 patients with advanced colorectal cancer were selected from January 2014 to January 2016 in Qinghai Provincial People's hospital. Patients were divided into the control group and the observation group by random grouping, and 34 patients for each group. Patients in the control group were received second-line therapy with fluorouracil and irinotecan. The patients in the observation group were received second-line therapy with the combination of pemetrexed and irinotecan. After treatment, the treatment effects, adverse reactions and living conditions of two groups were compared. Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 38.24%, was higher than that of the control group 8.82% (P<0.05); the observation group's disease control rate was 76.47%, was higher than that of the control group 52.94% (P<0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was 200.00%, which was lower than 305.88% in the control group (P<0.05). Progression free survival time in the observation groupwas (6.81±2.31) months, was higher than the control group (3.75±1.06) months (P<0.05); the total survival time in the observation group was (14.69±4.28) month, was higher than the control group (8.76±2.27) month (P<0.05). Conclusion In the second-line treatment of advanced colorectal cancer, the application of raltitrexed combined with irinotecan treatment, could improve the total efficiency of treatment and disease control rate, reduce adverse reactions, and prolong the survival time of patients.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of sublingual immunotherapy with dermatophagoides farinae standardized extrace for the treatment in children with allergic rhinitis for 2 years.Methods Two hundred and forty children with allergic rhinitis to dermatophagoides ptero-nyssinus( Der P) were randomly allocated to receive either specific immu-notherapy(n=120)or medical treatment(n=120).Symptom and medica-tion scores were assessed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety in the baseline and after two year treatment.Results Immunotherapy reduced the symptom [the scores reduced from (10.76 ±1.08) to (3.46 ±0.85)] and medication score [the scores reduced from (1.28 ±0.68) to (0.28 ± 0.43)] in children with allergic rhinitis significantly ( P <0.05), and compared with the control group [ ( 9.76 ±1.14 ) and ( 1.09 ±0.35 ) ] , there was a statistical difference (P<0.05).Eleven local adverse reactions including allergic rash and nasopharyngeal itching occurred observation group, and ten cases of nasal bleeding, fatigue and drowsiness were found in control group, while no fatal systemic reaction occurred in both groups.Conclusion Dermatophagoides farinae standardized extrace for the treat-ment of allergic rhintis is efficacious to treat children sensitive to Der P, al-lergen individualization of dosage is recommended to improve tolerance and security.

Objective To compare the safety and clinical efficacy of freehand and 3D printing navigation template assisted screw placement in patients with old odontoid fractures of type Ⅱ.Methods Total of 38 patients with old odontoid fractures of type Ⅱ were treated from November 2018 to December 2022,all of which presented as chronic neck pain.According to the dif-ferent methods of screw insertion into the pedicle,the patients were divided into a navigation template group and a freehand group.In the navigation template group,there were 17 patients including 9 males and 8 females with an average age of(51.30±13.20)years old,disease duration was(22.18±7.59)months.In the freehand group,there 21 patients including 7 males and 14 females with an average age of(49.46±11.92)years old,disease duration was(19.52±9.17)months.The intraoperative blood loss,operation time,and postoperative drainage output were recorded and compared between two groups.The accuracy of screw placement was evaluated by CT scan.Before operation and 1 year after operation,cervical pain was assessed by visual analogue scale(VAS),neurological changes were evaluated by the Japanese Orthopaedic Association(JOA)score,and the de-gree of spinal cord injury was assessed by the American Spinal Injury Association(ASIA)injury scale.Results All patients were followed up for(25.31±1.21)months.The operation time of template group(112.00±20.48)min had significantly shorter than that of the freehand group(124.29±15.24)min(P＜0.05),while there were no significant differences between two groups in terms of intraoperative blood loss,postoperative drainage,and hospital stay(P＞0.05).At 1 year after operation,in template group and freehand group,the VAS[(2.88±0.86),(2.90±0.83)]and JOA[(14.94±1.82),(14.62±2.19)]improved with pre-operative[VAS(4.71±0.92),(4.86±0.79)and JOA(12.18±2.30),(11.95±2.31)](P＜0.05),with no significant difference between two groups(P＞0.05).No significant improvement was observed in ASIA grading in either group at 1 year after opera-tion(P＞0.05),and there was no significant difference between two groups(P＞0.05).The template group had significantly better accuracy of screw placement in the pedicle of the axis than the freehand group(P＜0.05),while no significant difference was observed between two groups in the accuracy of screw placement in the pedicle of the atlas(P＞0.05).Conclusion In the treat-ment of type Ⅱ old odontoid fractures with posterior pedicle screw fixation,3D printing navigation template screw placement can significantly shorten the operation time,achieve similar clinical efficacy as free-hand screw placement,and significantly im-prove the accuracy of screw placement in the pedicle of the axis.