Objective To establish matched-pairs of DNA samples with copy-number controlled differential target genes, and to compare the detection sensitivity of typical Representational Difference Analysis (RDA) method and Subtractive Hybridization Difference Display (SHDD) method in isolating differential genes.Methods Two gene fragments (376 bp and 869 bp in length respectively) cloned by PCR using Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) DNA as template were used as differential target genes, and mixed with human genome DNA. Five matched, pairs of human genome DNA samples with gradually increased difference in copy numbers of target genes were established and RDA and SHDD methods were performed to clone differential target genes and compared their detection sensitivity. Results By using RDA method, 376 bp fragment with 6-fold difference and 869 bp fragment with 8-fold difference were cloned.However, both of these two target fragments with 4-fold difference were isolated using SHDD method.Conclusion The SHDD method adopts balanced bi-directional subtractive hybridization between two sample difference products and avoids loss of differential target genes caused by unbalanced subtractive hybridization of RDA method, and thus outweighs RDA method in isolating target genes, especially long-length target fragments, with small difference.

Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) is a family of multifunctional nuclear RNA-binding proteins that regulate the alternative splicing of pre-mRNA and the transport, translation, and stability of mRNA. The most abundant and best charac-terized proteins of this group are hnRNP A1 and hnRNP A2, which share a high degree of sequence homology and functional similarity. HnRNP A1 and hnRNP A2 are upregulated in multiple human tumors and modulate the alternative splicing and mRNA stability of vari-ous tumor-related genes critical to tumor cell growth, apoptosis, inflammatory and immune reactions, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Therefore, hnRNP A1 and hnRNP A2 have potential diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic values.

dl-3-n-Butylphthalide can be applied in many areas of central nervous system diseases,such as cerebral ischemia,cerebral trauma,dysmnesia,convulsion,and so on.This paper reviewed the effect and mechanism of it.

Objective To explore the key points of the diagnosis and treatment of severe pneumonia following renal transplantation in the elderly. Methods The clinical data of 28 patients with severe pneumonia following renal transplantation were retrospectively analyzed, including 20 cases aged <60 years (<60 years old group) and 8 cases aged ≥60 years (≥60 years old group). Results In <60 years old group, the severe pneumonia occurred during 1-13 months after the renal transplantation. All the patients had fever. 10 cases coughed and 8 cases had expectoration. 6 cases had type I respiratory failure (RF) and 3 cases experienced type 11 RF. 6 cases had lobar pneumonia and 13 cases occurred interstitial pneumonia. One case experienced lung consolidation. The pathogens of 16 cases in <60 years old group were identified, including 4 cases with bacterial pneumonia, 4 cases with cytomegalovirus (CMV) pneumonia, 2 cases with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, Ⅰ case with mycoplasma infection, Ⅰ case with tuberculosis infection, and 4 cases with mixed infection (2 cases infected by bacteria plus CMV, 1 case by bacteria plus fungi and 1 case by bacteria plus tuberculosis). Combined drugs (broad-spectrum antibiotic, antivirus and antifungal agent) were administered on the initial stage and sensitive drugs were used later according to the pathogens. Hormone or immunoglobulin was used when other drugs were useless. 17 cases were cured and 3 cases died. In ≥60 years old group, the severe pneumonia occurred during 1-9 months after renal transplantation. All 8 patients had fever, too. 5 cases coughed and 3 cases had expectoration. 3 cases experienced type ⅠRF and 1 case experienced type Ⅱ RF. 3 cases had lobar pneumonia and 5 casesoccurred interstitial pneumonia. The pathogens of 5 eases were identified. Among them, 2 cases were affected by bacterial pneumonia, 1 case by CMV pneumonia and 2 cases by mixed pneumonia (one by bacteria plus CMV, one by bacteria plus fungi). Similar modality was applied, and 5 cases were cured and 3 cases died. Conclusions Most of severe pneumonia occur during 1-9 months after renal transplantation in the elderly. The main pathogens are bacteria and CMV. Medications for all of the most common pathogens and assisted ventilation should be used early. Specific narrow-spectrum antibiotic or antiviral drugs could be used quickly after pathogens were identified, and hormone or immunoglobulin could be administered to patients when the infection is severe or the pathogens are uncertain.

Objective To investigate the effects of perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) sustained release agent on the local recurrence and survival rates of patients with advanced gastric cancer. Methods The clinical data of 100 patients with advanced gastric cancer who had been admitted to our hospital from January 2002 to December 2004 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were divided into treatment group and control group. Only patients in the treatment group were implanted with 5-FU sustained release agent (800 mg) in abdominal cavity after D2 gastrectomy. All patients accepted chemotherapy according to the FOLFOX regimen. Results The 3-year survival rate and 3-year disease free survival rate were 45% and 28% for treatment group, which were significantly higher than 32% and 16% for control group. Conclusions Intraperi-toneal implantation of 5-FU sustained release agent during operation can decrease local recurrence rate and improve the 3-year survival rate of patients with advanced gastric cancer after radical gastrectomy.

Objective To prospectively study the clinical significance of the MELD scoring system in surgical treatment of obstructive jaundice.Methods 112 patients with obstructive jaundice who were admitted into our hospital from January 2009 to December 2013 were divided into two groups:group A (Stage Ⅰ PTCD and stage Ⅱ open operation,n =53) and group B (1 stage open surgery,n =59).The amount of intraoperative bleeding blood loss,operation time,postoperative complications,duration of hospitalization,mortality rate,and the changes in liver function after surgery were compared between the two groups.Results The differences in the liver function index of the two groups on the same postoperative date were significantly different (P ＜ 0.05).The liver function of group A recovered faster than group B.Patients in group A with a MELD ＜ 10 points stayed in hospital significantly longer when compared with patients in group B.For patients in group A with MELD ＞ 10 points,the operation time,bleeding volume,postoperative complications and hospitalization were significantly less than the patients in group B (P ＜ 0.05).There were 3 patients (group B) who died with MELD ≥ 20 points after operation.Conclusions In patients with obstructive jaundice with a MELD score greater than 10 points,especially those with a score equal to or greater than 20,PTCD should be performed first to relieve biliary tract obstruction,followed by a stage Ⅱ open surgical operation after the liver function had improved.MELD had important clinical significance in the evaluation of operation risk in patients with obstructive jaundice.

Objective To observe the effect of gheocorticoid by oral medication or intrathoracic iniection on the expression of IL-6,IL-8 and sIL-2R in gerum and pleural fluid in patients of tuberculous pleurisy.Methods Twenty tuberculous pleurisy patients were treated with ghcocortieoid by oral medication (oral group)and 20 cases by intrathoracic injection(injection group).ELISA wag employed to detect the levels of IL-6,IL-8 and sIL-2R in serum and pleural fluid before treatment and 3,6 and 9 days after treatment.Results The levels of serum IL-6 and IL-8 decreased and sIL-2R increased obviously in injection group at 3,6 and 9 days after treatment(P＜0.01).Meanwhile the levels of IL-6 and IL-8 in pleural fluid decreased and sIL-2R increased obviously(P＜0.01).The levels of IL-6 and IL-8 were significantly lower and the levels of aIL-2R were significantly higher in injection group than those in oral group(P＜0.01).One month after treatment,the rate of complete absorpion of pleural fluid was higher in injection group(80%)than thatin oral group(45%),the rate of pachynsis pleurae was lower in injection group(10%)than that in oral group(40%),P＜0.05.Conclusions Intrathoracic injection of ghcocorticoid shows stronger suppression of cellular immune function in cavum pleurae and weaker suppression of the general immune sysmm than oral medication.Intrathoracic injection of glucocorticoid can increase the therapeutic effect and decrease side effect in tuberculous pleurisy.

Diagnostic Errors ; Electrocardiography ; Humans ; Inferior Wall Myocardial Infarction ; Meningeal Neoplasms ; Meningioma ; Myocardial Infarction ; diagnosis

Adolescent ; Adult ; Cause of Death ; Child ; Female ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; mortality ; surgery ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; mortality ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tissue Donors ; Young Adult

To investigate the mechanism of macrophages apoptosis induced by stressed Salmonella typhi,macrophages were co-cultivate with inhibitors caspase 3,8,9 and anti-TNF-α antibody and then S.typhi was added to construct the infection model..The rate of macrophage apoptosis was assayed by flow cytometry and the contens of caspase 3.8 ,9 and anti-TNF-α antibody as well as NO were then determined respectively.It was found that the apoptotic rates of macrophages were significantly inhibited by caspase 3 and caspase 8 inhibitors and antibody against TNF-α respectively (P<0.01).A significantly enhanced generation of caspase 3 and caspase 8 activities during macrophage apoptosis induced by S.typhi correlated with the increased generation of TNF-αand NO (P<0.01).These results indicate that the inactive NO and TNF-α mediated inhibitors caspase 3 and caspase 8 participate the exogenous apoptotitic pathway of macrophages induced by S.typhi.