Objective To explore the application value of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) in the diagnosis of suspected obstructive jaundice in acute biliary pancreatitis and its effect on treatment outcomes. Methods Clinical data were retrospectively collected in 96 patients with acute biliary pancreatitis (ABP) who were suspected obstructive jaundice. Patients were divided into early EUS scanning group (EES) and delay EUS scanning group (DES). Clinical treatment results and test results were compared between the two groups. Results The diagnosis sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of EUS were 96.43 %, 82.5 %, 90.63 %, 88.52 % and 96.29 %. Early EUS scan with 72 h could identify the etiology of ABP and subsequent treatment based on the EUS can easily decrease the white blood cell count, percentage of neutrophils, total bilirubin and serum amylase (P < 0.05). The pain relief rate in EEI group after 1 week treatment was significantly higher than that in the DES group (87.50 % vs 66.67 %, P = 0.027) and average length of hospitalization was shorter [(12.70 ±2.10) d vs (14.10 ± 3.00) d, P = 0.006]. Delay EUS scan were likely to have higher white blood cell count and total bilirubin, meanwhile seemed to increase the organ failure rate and necrotic infection of the pancreas. Conclusion ABP with suspected obstructive jaundice should be considered to have endoscopy intervention. Results of EUS are the basis for treatment decision, which can avoid the unnecessary endoscopy treatment.

Objective: To study the mechanism of inhibitory ef fect of ginsenoside Rg3 on tumor growth. Methods: The chick chor ioallantoic membrane(CAM) test and Lewis lung carcinoma model were used to inves tigate the inhibitory effect of Rg3 on tumor angiogenesis. Results: Rg3(0.1 or 0.5 mmol/L) obviously inhibited angiogenesis in the CAM. Treatmen t with Rg3 in vivo obviously inhibited Lewis lung carcinoma growth with the inhibition ratio from 23% to about 47%. We also observed that the angiogenesis in implanted Lewis lung carcinoma tissue decreased obviously after treated wit h Rg3 (5, 10, 20 mg/kg). Conclusion: Rg3 can obviously inhibit t he growth of Lewis lung cancer, the inhibitory effect partially due to the effec t of Rg3 inhibiting neovascularization induced by malignant tumor.

Objective To investigate the effect of a selective muscarinic receptor antagonist (penehyclidine hydrochloride) in three vessel occlusion model of acute global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats.Method One hundred and forty-four male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups:sham operated group,vehicle treated group (saline 1 ml,i.p.),scopolamine treated group (0.01 mg/kg,i.p.) and penehyclidine hydrochloride treated group (0.01 mg/kg,i.p.) with drugs injected 40 minutes before ischemia respectively.The ischemic duration was 10 minutes.The animals were subjected to motor activity tests (open field activity test,beam-walking test and grip test) at 24 hours or on the 3rd and 7th day after reperfusion.HE staining,TUNEL staining and immunohistochemical reactions of bax and bel-2 were carried out at the time points of 2,12,24 hours,3 and 7 days after reperfusion.TTC staining was carried out in some rats for assessment of infarction volume on the 4th day after reperfusion.Results As compared with the vehicle treated group,both penehyclidine hydrochloride treatment and scopolamine treatment decreased the numbers of apeptotie neurons (P

Objective To develop a rapid test for the detection of F1 antigen of Yersinia Pestis based on gold-immunochromatography.Methods F1 antibodies were coupled with colloidal gold to prepare collidal gold reagent,which was used to detect F1 antibodies based on double antigen sandwich.The collidal gold reagent was estimated for its sensitivity specificity and stablity in labs and 1798 samples were detected in 17 surveillance spots.Results The reagent was sensitive to 0.0010 g/L F1 antigens.The reagens kept stable when it had been placed at 4℃ or room-temperature for 12 months and did not react to Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and Yersinia enterolitica.In 17 surveillance labs the reagent was used to test 1798 viscera samples from animal.resulting an accordance rate of 97.11%(1746/1798)to bacterial culture and 96.83%(1741/1798)accordance to reverse indirect hemagglutination assay(RIHA),showing a higher detection rate[9.23%(166/1798)]compared with RIHA[6.79%(122/1798)]and bacterial culture[6.28%(113/1798)].Conclusions The collidal gold reagent,sensitive and specific in diagnosing Yersinia pestis infection of both human and animals,is a rapid method in surveillance spot.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate idic(Yp) in genetic diagnosis by examining 1 infertile man and 1 prenatal fetus using cytogenetic and molecular techniques.

METHODSFollowing conventional chromosome preparation, we performed G- and C-banding karyo. typing and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Then we extracted genomic DNA using standard procedures and analyzed it by array-CGH and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA).

RESULTSBoth cases were diagnosed as 45, X/46, X, idic (Yp11.31) mosaicism. The man showed 2 intact copies of Yp11.31-q12 (chrY:2, 710, 250-57, 428, 567, SRY, ZFY, UTY and AZF), and the prenatal fetus exhibited similar findings except a paternal deletion in the AZFc region.

CONCLUSIONidic(Y) (p11.31) causes short stature and male infertility. Array-CGH and MLPA can improve the accuracy of the diagnosis of 45, X/46, X, idic (Y) mosaicism, which may contribute to the studies of the phenotype-genotype correlation and clinical genetic counseling.

Adult ; Chromosomes, Human, Y ; Fetus ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Karyotyping ; Male ; Microarray Analysis ; Mosaicism ; Sequence Deletion

OBJECTIVE:To observe the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in advanced gastric carcinoma patients before laparoscopic minimally invasive resction.METHODS:In retrospective analysis,93 patients with advanced gastric carcinoma were divided into single group (55 cases) and combined group (38 cases).Single group received laparoscopic minimally invasive operation.Combination group was given Tetrahydrofolate injection 400 mg/m2+Oxaliplatin injection 85 mg/m2,i.v.,2 h,d1+ Fluorouracil injection 2 400 mg/m2,i.v.,46 h,d2.A treatment course lasted for 2 weeks,both received 2-4 courses of treatment and 4 weeks later received laparoscopic minimally invasive resection.Both groups received routine treatment as parenteral nutrition and preventive anti-inflammation.They were given oxaliplatin+capecitabine or gimeracil oteracil potassium capsule+oxaliplatin chemotherapy for 6 courses.Clinical efficacies and ADR of combination group were observed.Operation time,intraoperative blood loss,intraoperative blood transfusion,resection range,conversions to laparotomy,the number of lymph node dissection,complete resection and postoperative first exhaust time,the time of fluid feeding recovery,the length of hospital stay and complications were observed in 2 groups.RESULTS:The objective remission rate and disease control rate of combination group were 44.8％ and 92.2％;there were 23 case time of grade Ⅰ ADR,13 case time of grade Ⅱ ADR and 3 case time of grade Ⅲ ADR.Complete resection rate of combination group was significantly higher than that of single group,with statistical significance (P＜0.05).There was no statistical significance in operation time,intraoperative blood loss,intraoperative blood transfusion,resection range,conversions to laparotomy,the number of lymph node dissection,postoperative first exhaust time,the time of fluid feeding recovery,the length of hospital stay or the incidence of complications between 2 groups (P＞0.05).CONCLUSIONS:For advanced gastric carcinoma patients before laparosapic minimally invasive resection,tetrahydrofolate,oxaliplatin and fluorouracil neoadjuvant chemotherapy show therapeutic efficacy and can improve the rate of complete resection without increasing the incidence of ADR.

OBJECTIVETo study the value of screening hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) kindreds by detecting the expressions of hMLH1/hMSH2 with tissue microarray.

METHODSA tissue microarray with 22 colorectal cancers from HNPCC families and 15 sporadic colorectal cancers was established, and the expressions of hMLH1/hMSH2 were detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC).

RESULTSThe expressions of hMLH1 or hMSH2 were negative in 15 of 22 HNPCC and 1 of 15 sporadic colorectal cancers in routine IHC. The expressions of hMLH1 or hMSH2 were negative in 17 of 22 HNPCC and 2 of 15 sporadic colorectal cancers in tissue microarray. The examination of hMSH2 expression yielded same results between routine IHC and tissue microarray. There were no difference on the hMLH1 expressions between routine IHC and tissue microarray.

CONCLUSIONTissue microarray is a high-throughput way to detect the expressions of hMLH1/hMSH2 and is applicable to screen HNPCC kindreds.

Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; metabolism ; Adult ; Aged ; Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis ; diagnosis ; genetics ; metabolism ; DNA Methylation ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Testing ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Middle Aged ; MutL Protein Homolog 1 ; MutS Homolog 2 Protein ; metabolism ; Nuclear Proteins ; metabolism ; Pedigree ; Protein Array Analysis ; methods

Objective To determine whether lidocaine can improve the cerebral protection provided by retrograde cerebral perfusion. Methods Sixteen mongrel dogs were placed on cardiopulmonary bypass and cooled to 20℃. Retrograde cerebral perfusion was then carried out for 120 minutes, with the external jugular venous pressure kept at 3.33 kPa. Cardiopulmonary bypass was resumed, and the animals were rewarmed to 36℃. The animals were divided into two groups. In the lidocaine group (n=8), lidocaine was administrated continuously throughout the experiment. In the control group (n=8), normal saline was given at the same rate. Results In both groups, cerebral tissue creatine phosphate and adenosine triphosphate concentrations and energy charge increased by the end of hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass, decreased continuously during retrograde cerebral perfusion, and recovered gradually after resuming cardiopulmonary bypass. Nevertheless, they recovered to significantly higher levels in the lidocaine group than in the control group (creatine phosphate: 2.44±0.53 versus 1.61±0.49 μmol/g wet weight, P=0.006; adenosine triphosphate: 0.71±0.18 versus 0.50±0.17 μmol/g wet weight, P=0.029; energy charge: 0.59±0.10 versus 0.48±0.09, P=0.044) by the end of the experiment. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the cerebral tissue water content (control group: 77.6%±1.9%; lidocaine group: 77.6%±1.3%).Conclusion Continuous lidocaine infusion accelerates the recovery of cerebral tissue high energy phosphate contents after resuming cardiopulmonary bypass, but it has no effect on the formation of cerebral edema after retrograde cerebral perfusion.

Objective To develope a method to obtain and identify human coronary artery endothelial cells obtained during percutaneous coronary interventions(PCI).Methods Coronary guide wires were used to obtain endothelial cells from coronary arteries in 28 patients undergoing PCI.The cells were eluted from the wire tips and then purified by magnetic beads coated with anti-CD146 antibody.von Willebrand factor(vWF)was used as an immunocytochemical marker for endothelial cells.The cellular viability was evaluated by observing cell membrane integrity and energy-dependent uptake of DiI-labeled acetylated low-density lipoprotein.Results An average of 96 coronary artery endothelial cells with good viability per patient were obtained by one guide wire.vWF identification showed their endothelial morphology and immunoreactivity.Conclusion The viable coronary endothelial cells could be obtained during routine percutaneous coronary interventions combined with magnetic beads isolation technique.These cells may be used for further cellular functional analyses(such as immunocytochemistry and molecular biology)and expand our understanding on mechanisms of coronary artery diseases.

Objective To evaluate the yield of HIV antibody testing strategy currently used on different populations, in China. Methods (1) The following samples were collected and tested according to the currently used HIV antibody testing strategy in China. 103 133 samples from the general populations (outpatients, new recruits and blood donors), 1276 people under high risk (spouses of the HIV infected individuals, intravenous drug users) and 2323 biochemical or immunological abnormal samples. (2) Retrospective analysis was done on data from the HIV testing among outpatients in General Hospital of People's Armed Police Forces, from Jan., 2002 to Dec.,2008 and in three provincial central HIV test and confirmatory laboratories. Results (1) The yields of HIV antibody screening were significantly different in different populations. The probability of screening reactive to be true positive was 50% in high risk population, significantly higher than in the general population. The probability of screening reactive to be true positive was 19.58% in the confirmatory laboratory mainly towards the general population, but significantly lower than results from the confirmatory laboratories done on the high risk population. (2) From 2002 to 2008, in the General Hospital of People's Armed Police Forces, the probability of screening reactive to be true positive in the clinical HIV test was increasing from 3.7% to 16.0%, where as the efficiency of the repeat screening testing decreased from 92.6% to 61.5%. Conclusion The predictive value of HIV antibody screening reactive was significantly greater in high risk population than in general population. The precision of HIV antibody initial screening was substantially increased with the improvement of HIV antibody test kits and of quality control in the HIV test laboratories in recent years. It is suggested that different HIV test strategies to be implemented in different populations.