Background The select of supporter is critical for the construction of tissue engineering cornea.Many carrier carl be utilized in the construction of tissue engineering cornea,but de-cellular corneal matrix is known to be one of optimal supporters.Objective Present study was to investigate the characteristics of de-cellular corneal matrix of porcine of structure and biocompatibility for rabbit cornea stroma and limbal epithelial ceHs. Methods The porcine cornea was prepared as de-cellular corneal matrix of porcine by the application of detergent enzyme combined process.The corneal epithelial cells,keratocyte and endothelial cells of porcine were removed completely and stored in -20℃ refrigerator after sterilization.The morphology of de-cellular corneal matrix of porcine was examined by hematoxylin-eosin staining under the light microscope.The structure characteristics of de.cellular corneal matrix of porcine under the scan electron microscope,and its physics features were investigated by the evaluation of water content,strength,expansion and transparency.The de-cellular corneal matrix of porcine were implanted to cornea stroma of rabbit and co-cultured with rabbit corneal epithelial cells for 4 weeks in vitro to assess the keracyte compatibility. Results The epithelial cells,keratocyte and endothelial cells of porcine were removed completely by trypsogen digestion.The collagen fibril network and collagen plates paralleled to corneal surface under the light microscope.The water content,strength,expansion。Ratio of light transparency of de-cellular corneal matrix of porcine were similar to normal porcine cornea.After implantation of de.cellular comeal matrix of porcine into rabbits corneal stroma,the edema of tissue was found in one week,and edema disappeared on two weeks and became clear on four weeks after surgery.The de-cellular eorneal matrix attached to rabbit cornea stroma well.No inflammatory eell and new vessel were found after surgery.The co-cultured rabbit corneal epithelial cells differentiated and proliferated on the surfaee of de-cellular corneal matrix and showed positive response for CK3.No statistically significant differences were found in the water content,strength,expansion of de-cellular cornea matrix of porcine among the normal,before dehydration,2 and 4 hours after dehydration cornea matrix(P＞0.05).However,the transparency was much better in the corneal matrix with 2-hour,4-hour dehydration in comparison with non-dehydration one(P＜0.05). Conclusion The structure features of de-cellular cornea matrix of porcine are similar to normal porcine cornea.Good biocompatibility is proved for xenogenesis of rabbit cornea.

Objective To explore the regulation mechanism of X box binding protein 1 (XBP1)signal transduction pathway for TNF-α and effective approach in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury of liver transplantation for short hairpin RNA (shRNA) interference used to gene therapy in liver graft.Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: the cold ischemia transfection group (CIT), the in vivo transfection group (IVT) and the control group. Experiments of orthotopic liver transplantation were performed by two cuff method. The rats in CIT were perfused with XBP1-shRNA plasmid (pSIXBP1) during cold ischemia phase, those in IVT received the equivalent volume (2 ml) of pSIIRAK 4 after portal vein inoculation, and those in the control group were not subjected to any treatment. Rats were killed at 60 or 180 min after restoring reperfusion of hepatic portal vein.Histopathological damage degree of graft liver was observed by light microscope. The expression levels of XBP1 gene and protein were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting. The activities of NF-κB and the serum TNF-α level were detected by ELISA. Results All the indexes including the degree of histopathological damage, the expression levels of XBP1 mRNA and protein and the TNF-α level were significantly decreased in CIT as compared with IVT and control group (P＜0. 05). However,there was no significant difference in NF-κB activity among the three groups (P＞0. 05). Conclusion The role of XBP1 pathway in TNF-α gene regulation and that of NF-κB pathway in rat liver I/R injury are two relatively independent aspects, and the depression of XBP1 expression with XBP1 shRNA through portal vein perfusion during cold ischemia phase could effectively alleviate graft hepatic I/R

Objective To explore the causes of dengue fever resurgence in Guangxi, and to analyze the risk factors of dengue fever. Methods The descriptive epidemiological analysis was conduced based on the dengue fever data reported from 2006 to 2015, and the surveillance results of aedes and antibody levels in health population from 2013 to 2015 in Guangxi. Results Before 2013, dengue fever was imported from foreign country in Guangxi, accounting for 95.35％(42/45), and 75.71％of the imported cases was imported from Southeast Asia. The local outbreak of dengue fever was happened in 2014, accounted for 94.02％(849/903) of the total number of 10 years. From onset to diagnosis, Guangxi dengue fever cases need 0-70 d (median time interval is 6 d). Cases were reported year-round, but the peak season for the onset of dengue fever was from September to November, accounting for 96.46％of all cases (871/903). The number of cases reported in Nanning was the most (83.37％), followed by Wuzhou city (7.44％) and Guilin city (4.81％), and all the three cities had dengue fever outbreaks. The cases were mainly commercial service staff (27.80％) and houseworkers and unemployed people (18.16％). Results of aedes monitoring showed that the density of aedes was high in Guangxi. In more than 50％ of the monitoring seasons the breteau index (BI) stayed greater than 20. However, the antibody positive rate was only 3％ in the healthy residents of Guangxi. Conclusion The risk of dengue fever is high in Guangxi. Therefore, it is essential to emphasizing idea of prevention and control, strengthening immigration surveillance, improving diagnosis ability, enhancing public health education, and expanding monitoring range.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the Hantavirus infection and their genotype in rodents in Huludao.

METHODSRodents were collected from the main epidemic areas to detect antigen of Hantavirus in rat lungs by indirect immunofluorescence assay. Antigen-positive samples were inoculated onto cultures of confluent Vero E6 cells for the isolation of virus. The genotypes of viruses in all antigen-positive samples were identified by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

RESULTS200 rats were collected in the main epidemic areas, and 11 Hantavirus-positive samples were tested. The positive rate of Hantavirus in rats was 5.5%. Three strains of Hantavirus were isolated in Vero E6 cell culture. Data from the phylogenetic trees constructed by partial S segment (620-999 nt) or partial G1 segment (180-580 nt) showed that the three isolates carried by rats from Huludao were all genetic subtype SEOV 3. Furthermore, the phylogenetic tree constructed by partial G2 segment (2003-2302 nt) divided SEOV strains into 7 genetic subtypes, and the three isolates were having a closer evolutionary relationship with isolates CP211, ch302 and dc501 from Beijing, and the isolates SD10 and SD227 form Shandong.

CONCLUSIONData indicated that the rate of carrying virus was high and the main genetic subtype of Hantavirus was S3 of Seoul virus in Huludao area.

Animals ; Carrier State ; China ; Hantavirus ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Hantavirus Infections ; veterinary ; Lung ; virology ; Phylogeny ; Rats ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

OBJECTIVE: To observe the changes of adenylate cyclase(AC) on cerebral regions related to morphine dependence in rats and investigate the relationship between the enzymological changes and the mechanism of morphine dependence. METHODS: The technique of enzyme-histochemistry was used to detect the variations of AC of special seven cerebral regions including frontalis cortex, lenticula, corpus amygdaloideun, substantia nigra, hippocampus, periaqueductal gray and locus coerleus in morphine dependent rats. The enzymological changes were observed by optical microscope. Changes of gray degree of these cerebral regions were also observed by using the image analysis system. RESULTS: Compared with those in control group, the contents of AC in morphine dependent groups were increased. CONCLUSION The contents of AC are increase in those regions. The mechanism of morphine dependence close related to the increasing of AC. The correlation of the mechanism of morphine dependence and up-regulation of AC/cAMP-PKA system is discussed.
Adenylyl Cyclases/metabolism* ; Animals ; Brain/pathology* ; Cerebral Cortex/enzymology* ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Hippocampus/enzymology* ; Male ; Morphine Dependence/pathology* ; Periaqueductal Gray/enzymology* ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/metabolism* ; Time Factors

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between the laxative potency and anthraquinones content of six kinds of traditional Chinese drugs (TCDs) like Rheum tanguticum, Polygonum cuspidatum, R. palmatum, R. officeinale, Semen Cassiae and Radix Polygoni Multiflori.

METHODThe half effective dose (ED50) was applied to determine the laxative potency and the content of anthraquinones was evaluated by RP-HPLC.

RESULTThe ED50 for the six kinds of TCD was 0.458, 0.686, 0.925, 1.004, 1.047, 1.986 g x kg(-1), respectively, and the sequence of laxative potency was R. tanguticum > P. cuspidatum > R. palmatum > R. officeinale > Semen Cassiae > Radix Polygoni Multiflori. In terms of the HPLC quantitative determination, the content of combined anthraquinones was 2.82% ,1.64%, 1.44%, 0.82%, 0.15%, 0.019%, respectively,and the sequence was R. tanguticum > Polygoni cuspidatum > R. palmatum > P. cuspidatum > Semen Cassiae > Radix Polygoni Multiflori.

CONCLUSIONThere is a great difference in laxative potency between TCDs, and the relationship between laxative potency and the content of combined anthraquinones was found. The bioassay may be utilized to evaluate and control the quality of TCD with the chemical methods.

Animals ; Anthraquinones ; analysis ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Female ; Laxatives ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Regression Analysis

OBJECTIVETo determine whether patients with suspected heart failure but preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) have systolic dysfunction in left ventricular long axis detected by left ventricular systolic atrioventricular plane displacement (AVPD).

METHODSThe data of 96 patients with heart failure who admitted to our hospital between August 2007 and October 2008 were collected. Heart failure with preserved LVEF was diagnosed in 48 patients and heart failure with reduced LVEF was diagnosed in another 48 patients. Fifty age-matched healthy subjects served as the control group. The NYHA classification, etiology of heart failure, AVPD and plasma NT-proBNP concentration were compared among the 3 groups.

RESULTSThere was no difference in terms of NYHA classification between patients with preserved LVEF and reduced LVEF. Hypertension and coronary heart disease were often diagnosed in heart failure patients with preserved LVEF. The degree of AVPD decrease was more significant in heart failure patients with reduced LVEF than those with preserved LVEF. In all subjects, the AVPD was negatively correlated with the NT-proBNP concentration (r = -0.35, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONLeft ventricular systolic atrioventricular plane displacement was decreased in heart failure patients with preserved LVEF, therefore, besides "diastolic heart failure", systolic dysfunction was also impaired in these patients.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Case-Control Studies ; Echocardiography ; Female ; Heart Failure ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Heart Ventricles ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Contraction ; Stroke Volume ; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left ; physiopathology ; Young Adult

The changes of microRNA expression in rat hippocampus after traumatic brain injury (TBI) were explored. Adult SD rats received a single controlled cortical impact injury, and the ipsilateral hippocampus was harvested for the subsequent microarray assay at three time points after TBI: 1st day, 3rd day and 5th day, respectively. We characterized the microRNA expression profile in rat hippocampus using the microRNA microarray analysis, and further verified microarray results of miR-142-3p and miR-221 using quantitative real-time PCR. Totally 205 microRNAs were identified and up-/down-regulated more than 1.5 times. There were significant changes in 17 microRNAs at all three time points post-TBI. The quantitative real-time PCR results of miR-142-3p and miR-221 indicated good consistency with the results of the microarray method. MicroRNAs altered at different time points post-TBI. MiR-142-3p and miR-221 may be used as potentially biological markers for TBI assessment in forensic practice.

Objective To study the surgical indication,surgical method and effectiveness of endoscope-assisted microscopic surgery for brainstem hemorrhage with hematoma breaking into the forth ventricle.Methods Eleven patients having brainstem hemorrhage with hematoma breaking into the forth ventricle,admitted to our hospital from October 2002 to February 2012 and performed endoscope-assisted microscopic surgery via suboccipital trans-fourth ventricle approach,were chosen in our study; retrospective analysis of their clinical data and outcomes was performed.Results Postoperative CT scan on all 11 patients showed that 87.2％-98.9％ (average 94.3％) of the brainstem hematomas in volume were removed.Follow up for 4 months to 2 years showed that neurological outcome improved significantly in 2 patients,moderate disability in 3 patients,severe disability in 2 patients and vegetative state in 1 patient.Three patients died.Conclusion Endoscope-assisted microscopic surgery of brainstem hemorrhage with hematoma breaking into the forth ventricle is minimally invasive and effective with direct-vision; it also improve good neurological outcomes.

Objective The paper aimed to discuss the influence of case teaching of forensic pathology based on network platform on the critical thinking ability of forensic students.Methods Students majoring in forensic were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group with 20 students per group. According to heterogeneity classification, the experimental group was divided into 4 subgroups. The subgroups participated in network cases learning whereas the control group received traditional case teaching. Participants were required to fill in California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory-Chinese Version (CCTDI-CV) before and after learning. CCTDI-CV scores, the scores of final exam and the number of students who had improved in CCTDI-CV scores were compared between the two groups. Results For the experimental group, the total score of CCTDI-CVand the scores of items including looking for the truth, systematized ability, self-confidence, thirst for knowledge were significantly improved after learning. The performance of the experimental group was better than that of the control group at the end of teaching (P＜0.05) . The scores of final exam were higher in the experimental group compared to the control group (P＜0.05) .Conclusion Forensic pathology cases teaching based on network platform is an effective way to stimulate students'critical thinking ability and to improve the study ability.