Antibodies, Monoclonal ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Liposomes

Contents in orthopaedic are independent relatively and finding out the internal relations during them is helpful to improving the effect of orthopaedic teaching.Transfer theory is important tools for clinical teaching practice,and finding out the common characteristics between the orthopaedic chapters is primary for the theory.This research focuses on the following fields:fractures,nerve injury,infection,tumor and deformity.After the common characteristics between these chapters were analyzed and discussed,we concluded that the transfer theory is helpful in orthopaedic teaching practice,especially for students' comprehension and memory,but still we should avoid some negative effects in teaching process.

Animals ; Cocaine ; pharmacology ; Habenula ; drug effects ; physiology ; Neurons ; drug effects ; physiology ; Pain Threshold ; drug effects ; Rats

Humans ; Infant ; Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic ; complications ; Male ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome ; complications

Objective To study the mechanisms of Re Bi granule on treating RA.Methods Make SD maleness rats Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis(AA)which was derived by Freund's complete adjuvant(CFA)as investigation object.Make Wang Bi granule as positive control medicine,and divide it into six groups(blank group,model group,control group,Infusion of Re Bi granule high dose group and midst dose group and low dose group).Observe Re Bi granule's influence and mechanism to synovial cell apoptosis and T cell subsets.Results Re Bi granule could distinctly heighten synovial cell apoptosis ratio of AA rats,heighten CD8+cell's number and reduce CD4+cell's number,lower CD4+/CD8+ ratio,adjust T cells for two-way.Conclusion Re Bi granule not only is an effective treatment way for rheumatoid arthritis,but also can improve the abnormal immune status.

Objective To investigate the importance of elements of teaching aesthetic(appearance aesthetics; language aesthetics; emotion aesthetics; PPT aesthetics; blackboard-writing aesthetics and model aesthetics) in clinical orthopaedic teaching,and to analyze the reasons and significance of them.Methods Totally 137 medical students(2005 and 2006 grade) were investigated by the questionnaire in resent 2 years.They were asked to choose the first two important elements of teaching anesthetic from six elements displayed by four teachers.Results The percentage of appearance aesthetics,language aesthetics,emotion aesthetics,PPT aesthetics,blackboard-writing aesthetics and model aesthetics were showed as 97.4％,88.7％,67.1％,58.9％,13.6％ and 1.2％ respectively.Conclusion Teaching aesthetics is an indispensible part of teaching aesthetically and it is helpful to promote the teaching.We should be focus on PPT aesthetics and appearance aesthetics,which show high percentage in our research.

Objective To investigate the variations of multi-segments of the Willis' circle in cases with ACA-A1 variation.Methods Retrospective comparative analysis was applied to images of 2 246 healthy cases which were excluded from abnomalities of physical and biochemistry examination and angiostenosis caused by angiosclerosis.We divided variant group and contrast group according to variation of ACA-A1 segment.Several aspects were carried to comparison:the variation between bilateral ACA-A1 segment within the variant group was studied by x2 test; the proportion of FTP and developing of PCA-P1 were put into test.Finally we use trend x2 test to compare the variation degree of ACA-A1,ipsilateral FTP formation and PCA-P1 variation.Results Variants of ACA-A1 contains 634 cases whereas normal cases were 1 612.A prominence in variation revealed in right side of ACA-A1 (x2=26.19,P＜0.01) which revealed by 429 cases in right side versus 205 cases in lefi side respectively.Parallelled with contrast group,the variant group showed immensely advantages in high proportion of FTP (x2=14.165,P＜0.01) which indicated by variant group 22.56％ (143/634)and contrast group 18.30％ (295/1 612); but crippled in PCA-P1 formation (x2=4.32,P＜0.05)which illustrated by proportions of by dysplasia and deficiency compared by variant group and contrast group was 17.35 ％ (110/634),14.21％ (229/1 612).AC A-A 1 normal,slight variation,dysplasia and deficiency together with FTP dyformation was 9.15％ (58/634),15.62％ (52/333),16.50％ (34/206),23.16％ (22/95) respectively.Within the variation group,a pattern between ACA-A1 and FTP which fluctuated simultaneously with significant statistical discrepancies (x2=51.117,P＜0.01; linear by linear x2=13.340,P＜0.01)which demonstrated by ACA-A1 normal,slight variation,dysplasia,deficiency together with FTP formation was 4.57％ (29/634),12.91％ (43/333),16.02％ (33/206),20.00％ (19/95) respectively,as far as ACA-A1 variation was concerned,The variant group were more prone to develop PCA-P1 dysplasia or deficiency (x2=45.87,P＜0.01; linear-by-linear x2=43.474,P＜0.01).Conclusions There were more multi-variation of Willis' circle in the cases with ACA-A1 variation,MRA can value the anatomy and variation of the Willis' circle.MRA can also guide the clinic diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of the cerebrovascular diseases.

Objective To evaluate long-term efficacy of microwave hyperthermia combined with chemoradiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) with cervical lymph node metastasis. Methods A total of 154 patients with stage N2 or N3 NPC ('92 staging system) were randomized into two groups:microwave hyperthermia combined with chemoradiotherapy (Group A, 76 cases) and chemoradiotherapy alone (Group B, 78 cases). Both of the two groups received 1 -2 cycles of chemotherapy of cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil, followed by conventional radiotherapy of 70 - 78 Gy in 35 - 39 fraction to the nasopharynx and 68 -72 Gy in 34 - 36 fractions to the neck. Group A received microwave hyperthermia to the metastatic cervical nodes at the beginning of radiotherapy. The hyperthermia was given as 45 min every time, twice a week for 8 - 14 times totally. Results The 5-year complete response rates of cervical lymph nodes in group A and B were 97% and 77% (x2 = 14. 24,P<0. 01). The distant metastasis rates in the two groups were 37% and 44% (x2 = 0. 73, P > 0. 05). The disease-free survival rates were 51% and 21% (x2 = 15.91, P <0. 01). The 5-year overall survival rates were 59% and 41%, respectively (x2 = 5.09, P < 0. 05).Conclusions For patients with stage N2 or N3 NPC, microwave hyperthermia combined with chemoradiotherapy can improve the complete response, disease-free survival and overall survival.

Objective:To investigate the changes and clinical significances of serum levels of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF),interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods:126 cases of patients with RA in our hospital from June 2013 to December 2016 were selected as RA group and divided into two subgroups as active RA group (69 cases) and remission RA group (57 cases) according to the severity of the disease.55 healthy cases who receive physical check in our hospital at same time were selected as the control group.The serum GM-CSF,IL-6 TNF-α levels were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and compared between different groups,the correlation of serum GM-CSF,IL-6 TNF-α levels with DAS28 were analyzed.Results:The serum GM-CSF,IL-6 TNF-α levels of RA group were significantly higher than those of the remission RA group and control group (P＜0.01),and the serum GM-CSF,IL-6 TNF-α levels of remission RA group were also significantly higher than those of the control group (P＜0.01).Positive correlation between serum GM-CSF,IL-6 and TNF-α levels were found(P＜.0.01).The level of DAS28 was significantly correlated with the levels of serum GM-CSF,IL-6 and TNF-α (r=0.473,0.584,0.675,all P＜0.01).Conclusion:The levels of serum GM-CSF,IL-6 and TNF-α were up-regulated in patients with RA and positively correlated with the activity of RA,which might be of important clinical significance in the early diagnosis,disease evaluation and prognosis of RA.

Objective To observe the effects of A2a adenosine receptor antagonist SCH442416 and ZM241385 on the expression of glutamine synthetase(GS) and L-Glutamate/L-Aspartate Transporter(GLAST) in rat retina under chronic ocular hypertension model.Methods Rat chronic ocular hypertension models were induced in the right eye of 12 male Sprague Dawley rats by blocking three episcleral veins,the left eye as control one.Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured and compared at postoperative 1 week,2 weeks and 3 weeks.54 male chronic ocular hypertension rats were divided into 3 groups randomly,topically applying A2a adenosine receptor antagonist SCH442416,ZM241385 and carrier,respectively,three times a day for three weeks.At three weeks,mRNA and protein expression of GS and GLAST in rat retina were analyzed by RealTime-PCR and Western-blot.Results The average IOP of the modeling eyes at postoperative 1 week,2 weeks and 3 weeks were higher than that of the control eyes (all P ＜ 0.05).The mRNA and protein expression of GS and GLAST in the retina of SCH442416 and ZM241385 groups increased significantly compared to the carrier group (all P ＜ 0.05).However,the differences of mRNA and protein expression of GS and GLAST between SCH442416 and ZM241385 groups was not significant(all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Rat chronic ocular hypertension model can be induced by blocking three episceral veins successfully and effectively.A2a adenosine receptor antagonist SCH442416 and ZM241385 increase the expression of GS and GLAST.There seems no difference between the effects of these two drugs.