Objective To determine the prediction and clinical characteristics of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) treated Kawasaki disease (KD) failure in initial dose.Methods Retrospective analysis was performed with the clinical data of 1 11 children with KD.The paticnts were divided into sensitive group and unresponsive group according to initial effect of IVIG.The clinical manifestations,laboratory examination and radiological features of the children were compared.Logistic regression analysis was performed in significant different indicators to determine independent correlation factors.In order to seek the reference indexes which indicate unresponsive to IVIG,a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was made,of which the diagnostic cut-off was nine independent correlation factors while grouping was made according to patients' different responses to IVIG.Results (1)There were 90 cases (81.1％)in effective group and 21 cases (18.9％) in unresponsive group.(2) Compared with the sensitive group,hyperpyrexia cases[66.7％ (14/ 21 cases) vs 34.4％ (31/90 cases),x2 =7.334,P =0.007] and the chances of coronary artery lesions [47.6％ (10/ 21 cases) vs 23.3％ (21/90 cases),x2 =4.989,P =0.026] were significantly higher in the unresponsive group.(3)Compared with the children administered twice with gamma globulin,the children of single-dose treatment significantly reduced the unresponsive probability [12.5 ％ (9/72 cases) vs 30.8 ％ (12/39 cases),x2 =5.504,P =0.019],and there was no difference in the chances of coronary artery lesions[23.6％ (17/72 cases) vs 30.8％ (12/39 cases),x2 =0.672,P =0.412].(4)Comparing the sensitive group and the unresponsive group,the percentage of neutrophils count [(0.72 ± 0.06) vs (0.76 ± 0.04),t =-2.84,P =0.005],platelet counts [(352.38 ± 42.18) × 109/L vs (373.14 ±36.93) × 109/L,t =-2.076,P =0.040] and C-reactive protein (CRP) [(74.38 ± 12.92) mg/L vs (92.05 ± 11.17) mg/L,t =-5.780,P =0.000] were significantly higher in the unresponsive group,but the level of serum albumin[(34.09 ±3.19) g/L vs (31.61 ±2.03) g/L,t =4.442,P =0.000] was lower.(5) Multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated that the percentage increase of neutrophils count (P =0.018),CRP (P =0.000) increase and serum albumin(P =0.040) decrease were independent risk factors for unresponsive treatment with gamma globulin.(6)After the area under the ROC curve was calculated,the percentage of neutrophils count,CRP and serum albumin could be effective predictors to IVIG treatment failure in initial dose,and the critical values were 0.72,78.5 mg/L and 33.11 g/L,respectively.Conclusions Treatment with IVIG for the first time may be ineffective in some situations such as the percentage of neutrophils count ≥0.72,CRP ≥78.5 mg/L or serum albumin≤33.11 g/L.

Objective To explore the effect of biliary obstruction caused acute acalculous cholecystitis (AAC) on ultrastructure of gallbladder interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs),and the possible mechanism of impaired contraction of gallbladder smooth muscle. Methods Total 60 healthy adult guinea pigs were in this study. The guinea pigs AAC model was induced by common bile duct ligation (BDL). The guinea pigs were divided into five groups equally,including sham control group (Sham),BDL for 12 hours (BDL-12),24 hours (BDL-24),48 hours (BDL-48) and 72 hours (BDL-72)groups. The gallbladder specimens were collected by the end of study. Gallbladder pathological changes were observed with HE staining under light microscope. Three muscle strips were collected of each gallbladder,fixed in constant temperature water bath with different concentration of eight peptide cholecystokinin agonist (CCK-8,1010 mmol/L,10-9 mmol/L,10-8 mmol/L,10-7 mmol/L and 10-6mmol/L),acetylcholine (Ach,10-8 mmol/L,107 mmol/L,10-6 mmol/L,10-5 mmol/L,10-4 mmol/L)and potassium chloride (KC1) (60 mmol/L). The contraction activity of gallbladder muscle strips was recorded by tonotransducer. The ultrastracture changes of gallbladder ICC in sham,BDL-12 and BDL-72 groups was examined by transmission electron microscopy. Results There was no obvious inflammation in Sham and BDL-12 groups. Compared with sham group,there were significant differences of biology score of gallbladder in BDL-48 and BDL-72 groups (P＜0. 05). After adding CCK-8,Ach and KC1,the contraction amplitude of gallbladder muscle increased in each group,and in dose-dependent manner. Compared with sham group,the effect value of each other groups decreased significantly (P＜0. 05). Compared with sham group,the morphology of ICC changed in BDL-12group,and more obvious in BDL-72 group. Conclusion Biliary obstruction can induce AAC. At the earlier stage of ACC,the impaired contraction of gallbladder smooth muscle present even without gallbladder inflammation occurrence. ICC may play an important role in impaired contraction.

ObjectiveTo investigate the genomic and non-genomic effects of 17β-estradiol on gallbladder smooth muscle strips of guinea pig and their possible mechanism. MethodsAfter ovariectomized operation (OVX) and subcutaneous injection of 17β-estradiol, the contents of serum estradiol and cholecystokinin-octopeptide (CCK-8) of the sham operation group (Sham) guinea pigs, the OVX group, the OVX and subcutaneous injection 17β-estradiol for 1 day (OVX+E2, 1 d), 3 days (OVX+E2, 3 d) and 7 days (OVX+E2, 7 d) were detected by EILSA respectively. The effects of CCK-8/Ach on constriction of gallbladder muscle strip were observed among various groups by using tension transducer, and the acute effects of 17β-estradiol on guinea pig gallbladder smooth muscle strips were observed to probe its possible mechanism. ResultsCompared with the Sham group, the serum contents of estradiol and CCK-8 decreased in OVX group (P＜ 0. 05) whereas the sensitivity of OVX guinea pigs gallbladder muscle strips to CCK-8/Ach increased (P＜0.05). With the extension of the subcutaneous injection 17β-estradiol time (for 1, 3, 7 days), both the serum estradiol and CCK level increased (P＜ 0.05) while the guinea pig gallbladder strips sensitivity to CCK-8/Ach decreased (P＜0.05).17β-estradiol at concentration ranging from 10 9 to 10-7 mol/L have no effect on the guinea pig gallbladder strips contraction (P＞0.05), but at concentration of 10-6 and 10 5 mol/L, it can inhibit the gallbladder contraction (P＜0.05). The blocking agents, such as nimodipine, atropine, devazepide, ICI 182,780 and Y-27632, can block the inhibited effects of 17β-estradiol. ConclusionThe 17β-estradiol can affect the gallbladder motility, both by genomic and non-genomic pathway.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of radiosensitizing effects of endostatin on H-520 human lung squamous cancer cells.Methods H-520 cells was treated with endostatin and/or radiation.Colony-forming assays were used to indicate the radiosensitising effects.Cell cycle distribution and expression of phosphor-p38-MAPK were assayed by FCM,and cyclin D1,cdk2,cdk4 and survivin mRNA leveh were assayed by RT-PCR.Phosphor-Akt was evaluated by Western-blotting.Results Combination of endostatin and irradiation inhibited the proliferation of H-520 cells.According to the colony-forming assays,the D0,Dq,D10 and SF2 values of the combination groups were much lower than those of irradiation groups.The sensitization enhancement ratio(SER)was 1.51.G2/M arrest occurred after 4 Gy irradiation.The gene expression of cyclin D1,cdk2,ckd4 and survivin and phosphor-Akt protein were down-regulated after treatment.The expression of phosphor-p38-MAPK protein was also down-regulated after treatment with 200 μg/ml endostar.Conclusions Endostatin inhibits the growth of H-520 cells and radiosensitizes the cells by induction of G0/G1 arrest,cell apoptosis and down-regulation of gene expression of cyelin D1,cdk2,cdk4 and reduces the phosphorylation of Akt and p38-MAPK.

In order to explore the dormancy physiological and biochemical mechanism of Paris seeds, the seed embryo growth courses, and the dynamic change of 5 enzymes, include SOD, POD, CAT, MDH, G-6-PDH were measured during variable temperature stratification. The results indicated that Paris seeds embryo grew quickly after 40 d in warm-stratification (18 ± 1) °C, at the meantime the metabolic activity was significantly strengthened. These facts showed that Paris seeds turned into physiological after-ripening process. After 60-80 d, the morphological embryo after-ripping process basically completed, and the following cold-stratification (4 ± 1) °C furthered Paris seed to finish physiological after-ripening. After 40 d, the activity of MDH decreased while G-6-PDH increased significantly. This showed that the main respiratory pathway of seed changed from TCA to PPP, which benifited breaking seed dormancy. In the whole period of stratification process, the activity variation of SOD and CAT was insignificantly and the activity of POD was enhanced significantly after shifting the seed in cold stratification process. This showed that SOD, CAT had no direct effects on breaking Paris seed dormancy but keeping the seed vigor, while the POD might involve in the process of Paris seed dormancy breaking.
Germination ; Liliaceae ; chemistry ; embryology ; enzymology ; Plant Proteins ; metabolism ; Seeds ; chemistry ; enzymology ; growth & development ; Temperature

Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of bladder dysfunction after radical resection of rectal carcinoma.Methods One hundred and sixty-five patients with bladder dysfunction after radical resection of rectal carcinoma were observed by urodynamic study.The results included maximum urinary flow rate,postvoid residual,urine volume,pressure of detrusor,maximum urethral closure pressure.These patients were treated by different methods.Results Bladder with underactive detrusor were 116 patients,109 patients returned to normal voiding after 3 months,7 patients were performed with suprapubic cystostomy.Detrusor overactivity were 42 patients,insufficiency of urethral sphincter were 7 patients,all symptoms of them improved after treatment.Conclusion Patients with bladder dysfunction after radical resection of rectal carcinoma should do check to clear etiology,according to the results to take the appropriate means to treatment.

Objective To analyze and summarize the CT features of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC).Methods 30 patients with MTC proved by surgery and pathology were scanned by CT.And the CT manifestations were analyzed retrospectively.Results In a total of 30 patients,a single lesion in 25 (83.3%)patients and multiple ones in 5 (16.7%)were found with irregular shape in 27 (90.0%),unclear border in 26 (86.7%),heterogenous enhancement with irregular internal hypodensity in 27 (90.0%),cal-cifications in 4 (13.3%)and invasion of trachea in 4 (13.3%).As for the 29 patients underwent the neck surgery ,26 (89.7%) were pathologically confirmed with lymph nodes metastasis.CT showed the metastatic lymph nodes with well-defined border in 1 2 (46.2%)and ill-defined one in 14 (53.8%),calcifications in 5 (19.2%)and heterogenous enhancement with irregular internal hy-podensity in all (100.0%).Conclusion CT features of MTC and metastatic lymph nodes appeared as heterogenous enhancement with irregular internal low attenuation area,which can improve the accuracy of preoperative diagnosis.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of radiosensitization by cetuximab (C225) on human tongue cancer Tca8113 cell line in vitro.Methods Tca8113 cell line with and without C225 treatment received 6 MV X-ray irradiation of different doses (0, 2,4,6, 8 and 10 Gy). Cell proliferation,cell-cycle distribution and clonogenic survival were analyzed through cell counting,MTT,colony formation assay,and flow cytometry,respectively.Results After irradiation of different doses,the growth inhibition rates in C225 group were higher than control (t =- 15.6 - -3.0,P＜0.05),the radiobiological parameters (D0,Dq,N,and SF2 ) in C225 group were lower than control so that SER of C225 group was 1.353,and the proportions of G0/G1 cells in C225 group were higher than control ( t =-7.64,-7.89,-4.78,P ＜0.05 ) at 4,6,8 Gy.When the irradiation doses increased,the early phase apoptosis in both groups increased at first and then decreased with the maximum difference at 4 Gy [(7.96±0.36)％ in C225 group and (4.13 ±0.29)％ in control group,t =-12.75,P＜0.01 ].Conclusions C225 has radiosensitization effect on Tca8113 cell line,possible through Go/G1 arrest and induction of apoptosia.

Objective To investigate the relationship of homocysteine and blood glucose wavy coefficient with type 2 diabetic nephropathy.Methods Glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c),fasting blood glucose(FBG),fasting C-peptide,homocysteine(Hcy),blood-fat and 24h urinary albumin quantitative (UAlb) of 154 patients with type 2 diabetes were determined,and the blood glucose wavy coefficient were calculated after blood glucose monitored by a continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS).The patients were divided into two groups according to the quantity of UAlb:high UAlb group (n =81 ) and normal UAlb group( n =73 ).Then the difference were compared between two groups and multiple regression analysis was done between UAlb and a variety factors.Results The course of disease in high UAlb group were significantly longer than that in normal UAlb group ( (9.68 ± 7.31 ) years vs ( 5.44 ± 3.65 ) years,t =3.427,P ＜ 0.05 ).There were significant difference on HbA1c [ ( 9.61 ± 2.44 ) ％ vs ( 8.69 ± 2.35 ) ％,t =2.162 ],blood glucose wavy coefficient [ ( 3.06 ± 0.85 ) vs (2.58 ± 0.91 ),t =2.437],low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) [ (3.46 ± 0.83 )mmol/L vs ( 3.01 ± 0.84 ) mmol/L,t =2.596 ],UAlb [ ( 129.64 ± 118.5 ) mg/24 h vs ( 18.14 ± 3.54 )mg/24 h,t =6.421 ),UA ( ( 335.02 ± 90.39 ) mmol/L vs ( 287.00 ± 92.03 ) mmol/L,t =2.541 ) and Hcy [ ( 15.55 ± 4.53 ) mmol/L vs ( 13.12 ± 4.44 ) mmol/L,t =2.603 ] between the two groups ( P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜0.01 ).Pearson analysis showed that the courses of disease,LDL-C,UA,Hcy and blood glucose wavy coefficient were positively correlated with UAlb ( r =0.363,0.270,0.220,0.252,0.236 respectively ; P =0.000,0.008,0.033,0.014,0.022,respectively).And the multiple regression analysis indicated that UAlb was related with courses of disease(β =0.344,P =0.000),Hcy(β =0.244,P =0.011 ) and blood glucose wavy coefficient(β =0.229,P =0.012).Conclusion The elevation of serum Hcy and blood glucose wavy coefficient are risk factors to type 2 diabetic nephropathy.Lowering Hcy concentration and reducing the glucose variability may be a new way to prevent the occurrence of type 2 diabetic nephropathy.

Objective To summarize the CT features of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC).Methods CT manifestations of 12 patients with ATC confirmed by surgery or biopsy were analyzed retrospectively.Results 1 1 (91.7%)patients had single lesion. The lesions appeared as low attenuation mass with cord-like,flocculent or patchy high attenuation areas.The lesions had mild to moderate enhancement in 1 1 cases (91.7%).Coarse calcifications were detected in 8 cases (66.7%),4 of them were incomplete rim or eggshell.11 cases (91.7%)showed invasion into adjacent structures,including trachea (6 cases,50%),esophagus (4 cases,33.3%),strap muscles (7 cases,58.3%),larynx (2 cases,1 6.7%),blood vessels (6 cases,50%).5 cases (41.7%)had tumor thrombus in the internal jugular vein.10 cases (83.3%)had lymph nodes metastasis.The enhancements of lymph nodes were divided into 3 types:mild homogeneous enhancement (4 cases,40%),mild enhancement with internal low-attenuation areas (7 cases,70%)and ring-like enhancement without internal enhancement (7 cases,70%).Conclusion CT features of ATC include low-density mass with cords,flocculent and patchy high-density areas,coarse calcification and mild to moderate enhancement,invasion to adjacent structure and lymph node metastasis with necrosis are common.