Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; blood ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant

Objective:To explore influence of aerobic exercise training on serum copeptin level in aged patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) complicated chronic heart failure (CHF) .Methods :A total of 200 aged CHD + CHF patients were randomly and equally divided into routine treatment group (received cardiotonic ,diuretic etc .routine therapy) and aerobic exercise group (received aerobic exercise training based on routine therapy) .After six months , serum copeptin level was measured ,cardiac function and quality of life were assessed and compared between two groups .Results:Compared with before treatment after six months ,serum copeptin level significantly reduced in both groups ( P<0.05 all);compared with routine treatment group ,there was significant reduction in serum copep‐tin level [ (10.85 ± 2.66) pmol/ml vs .(9.24 ± 3.82) pmol/ml , P=0.036] in aerobic exercise group .Compared with routine treatment group ,there was significant improvement in cardiac function ,significant rise in 6min walk‐ing distance [ (185.3 ± 51.8) m vs .(386.5 ± 62.4) m] ,and significant reduction in score of Minnesota living with heart failure questionnaire [ (32.5 ± 5.5) scores vs .(21.8 ± 4.2) scores] in aerobic exercise group , P<0.05 both ;no patients suffered from adverse events such as aggravated heart failure and malignant arrhythmia etc .during aero‐bic exercise therapy .Conclusion:On the basis of drug treatment ,aerobic exercise training can reduce serum copeptin level ,improve cardiac function and quality of life in patients with chronic heart failure .

AIM: To study the effect of torsional mode phacoemulsification on cornea in patient with age-related cataract.METHODS: Totally 161 age-related cataract patients (196 eyes) were assigned randomly to phacoemulsification by torsional mode(Group A) or conventional ultrasound mode (Group B) in our hospital from January 2012 to December 2014.The intraoperative data of effective ultrasound time(UST)and effective cumulative dissipated energy(CDE) were recorded.Postoperative outcomes and the change of the best corrected visual acuity(BCVA),corneal edema degree(CED),central corneal thickness(CCT) and endothelial cell count were also recorded and compared.RESULTS: For grade Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ nuclear density,the mean UST and mean CDE were significantly lower in Group A.The average BCVA of Group A was better than Group B at 1 and 7d after surgery.But at 30d postoperative,there was no statistical difference between these two groups(P>0.05).The corneal clarity and the mean change of central thickness showed significantly less corneal edema in Group A than Group B in 1 and 7d postoperatively.This difference was no longer found significantly at 30d after surgery(P>0.05).At 7 and 30d postoperative,the endothelial cells in Group B were lower than in Group A.CONCLUSION: By reducing the effective UST and CDE intraoperatively,the main effect of torsional mode phacoemulsification on cornea shows less damage to endothelium cells,and patients get better prognosis.But the damage to cornea by torsional mode phacoemulsification isn`t fundamentally solved.

Objective To determine the effect of lipoxins (LX) A4 and its agonist (BML-111) on the survival of RAW264.7 macrophage cells and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Methods RAW264.7 cells were treated with different concentrations of LPS, then the effect of LX A4 and BML-111 on the survival rate of these cells was observed. Cytotoxicity were detected by CCK-8 method and RT-PCR was used to detect the TLR4 and TRAF6 mRNA. The protein levels of TLR4 and pNF-κB p65 in RAW264.7 were determined by Western Blot. Results The survival rates of macrophage treated with LPS for 6 h in 1 000 ng/mL LPS in LX A4 group and BML-111 group were significantly higher than that in control group (P < 0.05). In the present of LPS, the TLR4 mRNA levels in RAW264.7 cells from LX A4 group and BML-111 group were significantly higher than those in the corresponding non-LPS groups. And the TRAF6 mRNA levels in each LPS stimulation group were higher than those in the corresponding non-LPS groups (P<0.05), while the protein level of TRAF6 in LX A4 and BML-111 groups were significantly lower than that in control group (P < 0.05). Stimulated with LPS, the protein levels of pNF-κB p65 in the LX A4 group and BML-111 group were all significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.05), and pNF-κB p65 expression level in control group was also significantly higher than the corresponding non-LPS groups (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, no significant difference was found between LX A4 and BML-111 group (P > 0.05). Conclusion LX A4 and BML-111 could inhibit the cytotoxicity of LPS on the RAW264.7 macrophage cells through the inhibition of the activation of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway, then reduce the inflammation. And this stable BML-111 may appear as another promising treatment for IBD disease.

Objective:To identify the cerebral activation patterns associated with the processes that occur during viewing Chinese and English words in native Chinese English learners.Methods:12 right-handed Chinese English hamers were divided into two groups equally,namely English majors and non-English majors,and took semantic judgement tasks of both English and Chinese words,for whom the fMRI images were coUected.Results:To various degrees,all subjects demonstrated activation of associated cerebral regions in both hemispheres and the left hemisphere activation was more significant for most subjects.Except for elassieal regions involved in language processing,such as Wemicke areas and Broca areas,there were other activated cerebral regions,including cerebellum,limbic system and basal ganglia nucleus,etc.To sum up,there were apparent overlap for cerebral activation distribution and no specific processing areas for both tasks.The analysis of ROI(region of interest)suggested that subjects in specialized group were more dependent on right hemisphere to perform English words task.Conclus/on:Language cognition is dominated by left hemisphere,which is also shared by the right hemisphere to various degrees and thus two hemispheres work by ways of both dissociation and coordination.It is possible that working strategy of the right hemisphere in English task is related to proficiency of the second language.A variety of distinctions are shared by each subject for language cognitive patterns.

BACKGROUND: Different derivatives of chitosan with different molecular weights or degrees of deacetylation show different anti-tumor effects.OBJECTIVE: To study the inhibition effect of water-soluble chitosan and its derivatives, such as sulfonated chitosan, carboxymethyl chitosan and chitooligosaccharides for the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma cell line SMMC7721.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Controlled experiments based on observation were carried out in Jiangxi Institute of Digestive Disease (Nanchang, Jiangxi, China) from January 2004 to December 2006.MATERIALS: Hepatoma cell line SMMC7721 was provided by Jiangxi Institute of Digestive Disease (China). 85.5% deacetylated chitooligosaccharides and 85% deacetylated water-soluble chitosan were produced by Jinan Haidebei Ocean Biological Engineering Co., Ltd (China); Carboxymethyl chitosan and 88.5% deacetylated chitosan were the products of Shanghai Qisheng Biological Products Co., Ltd (China).METHODS: Sulfonated chitosan was prepared using 88.5% deacetylated chitosan and chlorosulfonic acid-formamide, and then was detected with infrared spectroscopy in the Detection Analysis and Test Center, East China University of Science and Technology. SMMC7721 cells in the log phase were inoculated into 96-well culture plates, which were then added with water-soluble chitosan, sulfonated chitosan, carboxymethyl chitosan and chitooligosaccharides with the final concentrations of 25, 50, 100, 200, 400 and 800mg/L. This test was repeated for 3 times, while the control group was also set each time. After 72 hours of routine culture, MTT solution was added into each well and inoculated for another 4 hours. After the culture was terminated, dimethyl sulfoxid was added. The absorbance value of each well was measured at 490nm wavelength on a microplate reader. Three tests were measured to obtain the mean value. Also the inhibition rate was calculated.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Growth inhibition effect of chitosan and its derivatives on the hepatoma cell line SMMC7721.RESULTS: Among the chitosan and its derivates at four kinds of concentrations, water-soluble chitosan and sulfonated chitosan could significantly inhibit the growth of SMMC7721 cells (P<0.001), and the effect was the most significant in the case of sulfonated chitosan. Treatment with water-soluble chitosan and sulfonated chitosan at the concentration of 50mg/L could inhibit the growth of SMMC7721 cells in a dose-dependent manner, and reached a peak at the concentration of 400mg/L and 800mg/L, respectively. Carboxymethyl chitosan and chitooligosaccharides showed no growth inhibition effect (P>0.05).CONCLUSION: Water-soluble chitosan and sulfonated chitosan have significant antigrowth effects on hepatoma carcinoma cells, while carboxymethyl chitosan and chitooligosaccharides are ineffective.

OBJECTIVETo explore efficacy enhancing and detoxification roles of Jiedu Quyu Zishen Recipe (JQZR) in treating systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) by studying its effect on Toll like receptor 9 (TLR9) signal pathway of murine macrophage cells after JQZR stimulated CpG oligodeoxynucletide (CpG ODN).

METHODSMurine macrophage cells in vitro cultured were randomly divided into 4 groups, i.e., the blank serum group, the CpG ODN stimulus group, the CpG ODN + dexamethasone group, the CpG ODN + medicated serum group. Murine macrophage cells were collected after 24-h intervention. The expression of TLR9, myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), NF-KB, IFN-α mRNA were analyzed by RT-PCR. The expression of TLR9 and NF-κB protein were analyzed by Western blot. Changes of the NF-KB transcriptional activity were assayed by Dual-Luciferase reporter assay system.

RESULTSmRNA expressions of TLR9, MyD88, NF-κB, and IFN-α, protein expressions of TLR9 and NF-κB, and NF-κB transcriptional activities were enhanced, showing statistical difference when compared with those of the blank serum group (P <0. 05, P <0. 01). Compared with the CpG ODN stimulus group, mRNA expressions of MyD88, NF-κB, and IFN-α, the protein expression of NF-κB and the NF-κB transcriptional activities decreased in the CpG ODN + dexamethasone group with statistical difference (P <0. 01). Compared with the CpG ODN stimulus group, mRNA expressions of TLR9, MyD88, NF-κB, and IFN-α, protein expressions of TLR9 and NF-κB, and NF-κB transcriptional activities were decreased in CpG ODN+ medicated serum group with statistical difference (P <0. 01).

CONCLUSIONEfficacy enhancing and detoxification roles of JQZR in treatment of SLE might be realized through regulating TLR9 signal pathways.

Animals ; Cell Line ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Macrophages ; metabolism ; Mice ; Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88 ; NF-kappa B ; RNA, Messenger ; Signal Transduction ; Toll-Like Receptor 9 ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the effect of protein phosphatase 5 (PP5) on lipid metabolism in the PP5 knockout (KO) mice.Methods Male PP5 KO and wild type (WT) mice at the age of 6 weeks were used in this study. In order to study the effect of high fat diet ( HFD) feeding, the body weight was measured.The liver histology was examined by HE and oil red O staining.To further verify PP5 functions in the adipogenesis, in vitro experiment was carried out using mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF).Western blotting and real-time PCR were performed to quantified the expression of lipid metabolism-related genes in the liver tissues.Results Compared with the WT mice, the body weight gain was slower in the KO mice.The size of the lipid droplets was smaller and the quantity was less in the KO mouse liver tissue.In vitro study revealed that the KO mouse MEF cells showed less differentiated adipocytes with smaller lipid droplets than the WT MEF cells.This observation was further confirmed by detecting the expression of adipogenesis-related genes in the HFD liver.The markers of adipocyte differentiation, such as CD36, AP2, PPARγ2, and Glut4, were significantly decreased, while energy expenditure-related markers, such as phosphorylation of GR and expression of UCP1, were significantly increased.Conclusions Protein phosphatase 5 may play a regulatory role in the mouse lipid metabolism through regulating the de-phosphorylation of p-GR and enhancing the expression of UCP1.

Aim To investigate the protective effects of total triterpenoid from Prunella vulgaris L. ( TTP) on CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats and its mecha-nism. Methods Rat liver fibrosis was induced by 50% CCl4 twice a week for 12 weeks. From the 5th week, all the therapeutic groups were treated with the TTP(25, 50, 100 mg·kg-1 ) and the colchicine (0. 1 mg· kg-1 ) respectively once a day for 8 weeks. At the end of the twelfth week, the levels of ALT, AST, HA, PCⅢ, CⅣ, MDA, SOD, GSH-Px, Hyp were measured . HE and Masson staining were used to evalu-late the degree of hepatic fibrosis. The mRNA expres-sion ofα-SMA, procollagen I, Smad2, Smad3, Smad7 in liver was detected by RT-PCR, and the p-ERK pro-tein expression was evaluated by Western blot. Results Compared with the model group, TTP(25, 50, 100 mg·kg-1 ) not only reduced serum content of ALT, AST, HA, PCⅢ, CⅣand Hyp, MDA in liver tissue, improved the morphologic changes of hepatic fibrosis, but also increased SOD and GSH-Px activity. Moreo-ver, it decreased the α-SMA, procollagen I, Smad2, Smad3 mRNA expression and increased Smad7 mRNA expression in liver tissues obviously. Furthermore, TTP reduced the protein expression of p-ERK. Conclusions TTP can protect rats from CCl4-induced liver fibro-sis. The mechanism of this process may involve inhibi-ting the expression of p-ERK and interference with TGF-β1/Smad signal transduction pathway.

One hundred and fifty two actinomycetes were isolated from forty two radiation-polluted soil samples,using six different isolation media. Sixty cultures were chosen for 16S rRNA gene sequence and systematic analysis,which based on their morphology and ARDRA. Results of 16S rRNA gene sequences blasting showed that the strains were assigned to 12 recognized genera of actinomycetes,most of them fall within Streptomyces genus and a great deal of strains belonged to rare actinomycetes,which indicated a rich diversity of actinomycetes in the radiation-polluted soil.