Emergencies ; Food Services ; organization & administration ; Foodborne Diseases ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Risk Assessment

Food Contamination ; prevention & control ; Public Health Practice

A large number of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in tumor tissues create a favorable environment for the development of tumor. CAFs inhibit immune cells activation and viability by cytokine secretion, and CAFs prohibit drugs and immune cells infiltration by producing extracellular matrix to weaken cancer treatment efficacy. Regulating CAFs or overcoming CAFs barriers are new strategies for cancer therapy. Hence, designing nano-carriers for regulating CAFs to suppress tumor progression or promoting drug delivery to tumor site by overcoming CAFs barriers has attracted much attention. Therefore, this manuscript reviewed the recent progresses of nano-carriers for CAFs-targeting cancer therapies, in order to provide a reference for clinical cancer treatment.

Adult ; Efficiency ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Psychometrics ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Objective To explore the guidance significance of the functional MRI and DTI (fMRI ,DTI) ,intraoperative ultra-sound(IOUS) ,neuronavigation ,electrocorticography(EcoG) monitoring used in surgical treatment of low-grade gliomas with epi-lepsy as main symptom located near the eloquent brain regions .Methods 23 neurosurgical patients in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University during 2009-2010 were performed the retrospective analysis .The preoperative fMRI ,DTI deter-mined the positional relation between the lesions with the conduction bundle and the eloquent brain regions ,the electrophysiological and imageological examinations positioned the epileptogenic focus and lesions ,the MRI-mediated neuronavigation system was adopt-ed to formulate the surgical plan and choose the best surgical approach ,IOUS was used to perform the realtime monitoring for pre-cisely positioning the lesion range and determining the extent of resection ,and the intraoperative EcoG was adopted to determine the epileptogenic focus localization ,the lesions and the epileptogenic focus was dealed by the operating microscope for avoiding the func-tional region ,and the patient′s prognosis was evaluated and recored in detail after operation .Results By the precisely positioning the lesions and epileptogenic focus by fMRI ,DTI ,neuronavigation and ultrasound ,the lesion resection degrees by the operative mi-croscope and intraopertaive pathological guidance were 17 cases of Ⅰ-Ⅱ grade ,4 cases of Ⅲ grade and 2 case of Ⅳ-Ⅴ grade .1 case of motor aphasia ,4 cases of hemiplegia and monoplegia and 1 case of disturbance of consciousness after operation were improved by the treatment of neurotrophy ,dehydration and hyperbaric oxygen and discharged from hospital with rehabilitation .No death case occurred .The evaluation of the life quality :20 cases ofⅠ-Ⅱ grade ,3 cases of Ⅲ grade and no vegetable survival case of Ⅳ grade . The evaluation of resection clinical effect :20 cases of cure ,3 cases of improvement ,no case of as before and exacerbation .After fol-lowed up for 6-24 months ,according to Engel classification of seizure efficacy assessment :Ⅰ-Ⅱ grade in 21 cases ,Ⅲ grade in 2 case ,no case of Ⅳgrade .Conclusion fMRI ,DTI ,neuronavigation ,IOUS and EcoG for guiding the operation of low grade gliomas located near the eloquent brain regions can resect the lesion to the largest extent and simultaneously deal with epileptogenic focus , effectively protect the neurological function of the functional region ,greatly reduce the side-injury of the normal brain tissues in the functional region ,at the same time increase the curative effect of symptomatic epilepsy .

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and safety of testosterone undecanoate (TU) in the treatment of late-onset hypogonadism (LOH) by meta-analysis.

METHODSWe searched Pubmed (until April 1, 2014), Embase (until March 28, 2014), Cochrane Library (until April 17, 2014), CBM (from January 1, 2001 to February 2, 2014), CNKI (from January 1, 2001 to February 2, 2014), Wanfang Database (from January 1, 2000 to February 2, 2014), and VIP Database (from January 1, 2000 to Febru ary 2, 2014) for randomized controlled trials of TU for the treatment of LOH. We evaluated the quality of the identified literature and performed meta-analysis on the included studies using the Rveman5. 2 software.

RESULTSTotally, 14 studies were included after screening, which involved 1 686 cases. Compared with the placebo and blank control groups, TU treatment significantly increased the levels of serum total testosterone (SMD = 6.22, 95% CI 3.99 to 8.45, P < 0.05) and serum free testosterone (SMD = 4.35, 95% CI 1.86 to 6. 85, P < 0.05) but decreased the contents of luteinizing hormone (WMD = -2.23, 95% CI -4.03 to -0.42, P < 0.05), sex hormone binding globulin (WMD = 2.00, 95% CI 1.38 to 2.63, P < 0.05). TU also remarkably reduced the scores of Partial Androgen Deficiency of the Aging Males (WMD = -9.49, 95% CI -12.96 to -6.03, P < 0.05) and Aging Males Symptoms rating scale (WMD = -2.76, 95% CI -4.85 to -0.66, P <0.05) but increased the hemoglobin level (SMD = 2.35, 95% CI 0.29 to 4.41, P < 0.05) and packed-cell volume (SMD = 4.35, 95% CI 1.36 to 7.33, P < 0.05). However, no significant changes were shown in aspertate aminotransferase, alanine transaminase, prostate-specific antigen, or prostate volume after TU treatment (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONTU could significantly increase the serum testosterone level and improve the clinical symptoms of LOH patients without inducing serious adverse reactions. However, due to the limited number and relatively low quality of the included studies, the above conclusion could be cautiously applied to clinical practice.

Androgens ; therapeutic use ; Hemoglobin A ; metabolism ; Humans ; Hypogonadism ; blood ; drug therapy ; Luteinizing Hormone ; blood ; Male ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin ; metabolism ; Testosterone ; adverse effects ; analogs & derivatives ; blood ; pharmacology

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) in critical hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD).Methods The data from PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, EBSChost, Cochrane Library, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Ovid, China Biology Medicine disc, Wanfang Data, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Citation Database, and other references and grey literatures were retrieved, screening out all those related to clinical trials on treating critical HFMD by IVIG.Standard methods of the Cochrane Collaboration were employed to evaluate the methodological quality of the trials.Meta analysis was performed with Rev man 5.3 software.Results Eleven trials including 967 cases were investigated.The meta analysis showed that IVIG had significantly clinical efficacy (OR =6.84,95％ CI:3.74-12.52 ,P ＜ 0.05).IVIG could significantly decrease duration of fever (MD =-1.94,95％ CI:-3.07--0.81 ,P ＜0.05) ,hospitalization time (MD =-4.56,95％ CI:-8.95--0.17,P ＜0.05).There was no significant difference in duration of fever (MD =-0.28,95 ％ CI:-0.59-0.03, P ＞ 0.05), duration of herpes (MD =0.18,95％ CI:-0.22-0.59, P ＞ 0.05), hospitalization time (MD =-0.12,95％ CI:-0.47-0.23, P ＞ 0.05) when the dosage of injection was adjusted.Conclusions IVIG is recommended for treating critical HFMD because it is effective in decreasing the duration of fever and hospitalization.Well designed studies with more sample in multi-center are required in further study to explore the efficacy and safety of IVIG on critical HFMD.

Objective To investigate the effect of vocational rehabilitation and related factors in adult mental retarded persons in Beijing.Methods 152 mental retarded adult persons were investigated with Scale of Vocational Rehabilitation Effective for Adult with Mental Retarda⁃ tion. Results 59 (38.82%) persons improved their vocational ability after rehabilitation. The related factors of vocational rehabilitation included the causes of mental retardation and maladaptive behavior. Conclusion It is important for the vacational rehabilitation that the consultants deal with the maladaptive behavior appropriately.

Objective To develop and validate a simple and reliable HPLC method for the analysis of L-carnitine in human seminal plasma and to investigate its clinical significance as a potentially useful index of infertile.Methods After proteins in seminal plasma are precipitated with acetonitrile,L-carnitine in seminal plasma was derivatized to form its ester.HPLC separation of the sample solution was performed on a Lichrospher SiO_2 column and detected by ultraviolet absorbance at 260 nm.A mobile phase composed of acetonitrile-citrie acid buffer(containing 12 mmol/L triethanolamine,pH 5.0)was found to be the most suitable for this separation at a flow rate of 1.2 ml/min and enabled the baseline separation of the L-carnitine from interferences with isocratic elution.The L-carnitine levels in seminal plasma were studied in both 87 patients with infertility and 30 control subjects.Results Under the chromatographic conditions described, the L-carnitine derivative had a retention time of approximately 13 min.Good separation and detectability of L-carnitine in human seminal plasma sample were obtained.The method proved to be linear in the range of L-carnitine from 0 ?mol/L to 1000 ?mol/L.The relative standard deviations of within-and between-assay for L-carnitine analysis were 1.23% and 1.36%,respectively.The recoveries were 91.6% -96.5% for the human seminal plasma samples.L-carnitine concentrations in the populations were(392.7?107.2)?mol/L in the fertile group(n=30),(270.0?83.9)?mol/L in asthenozoospermia group(n=29),(187.9? 43.9)?mol/L in oligozoospermia group(n=19)and(175.7?67.1)?mol/L in oligoasthenozoospermia group(n=39).The large difference(P0.05).Conclusion The determination of L-carnitine level in seminal plasma may prove useful as a potentially biochemical marker of fertility and this is a useful guidance for the clinic therapy and the mechanismic study on the male reproduction.

One hundred and fifty two actinomycetes were isolated from forty two radiation-polluted soil samples,using six different isolation media. Sixty cultures were chosen for 16S rRNA gene sequence and systematic analysis,which based on their morphology and ARDRA. Results of 16S rRNA gene sequences blasting showed that the strains were assigned to 12 recognized genera of actinomycetes,most of them fall within Streptomyces genus and a great deal of strains belonged to rare actinomycetes,which indicated a rich diversity of actinomycetes in the radiation-polluted soil.