Child ; Child Development ; drug effects ; Endocrine Glands ; drug effects ; growth & development ; physiology ; Hazardous Substances ; poisoning ; Humans ; Nervous System ; drug effects ; Urogenital System ; drug effects

Objective To investigate the relationships between the expressions of intercellular adhesion molecule 1(ICAM-1),heat shock protein 70(HSP70) and acute rejection after pancreas allotransplantation in miniature swine.Methods Ultrasound guided biopsies of the pancreas and histopathologic examination were performed after the miniature swine models of pancreas allotransplantation were established.According to the histological change,the samples were divided into group Ⅰ(no rejection),group Ⅱ(mild acute rejection),group Ⅲ(moderate acute rejection)and group Ⅳ(serious acute rejection).The expressions of ICAM-1 and HSP70 were analyzed with immunohistochemistry and imaging.Results The expressions of ICAM-1 and HSP70 were increased when acute rejection occurred after pancreas allotransplantation in miniature swine.The levels of ICAM-1 and HSP70 were sequentially high when acute rejection was serious.Conclusion ICAM-1 and HSP70 were involved in pancreas allograft rejection and useful for early diagnosis of acute rejection after pancreas transplantation.

Objective To establish a successful model for pancreaticoduodenal allotransplantation with enteric drainage in piglet and surveillance acute rejection by biopsy.Methods We implemented the model same as protocol of clinical pancrease transplantation.40 piglets were divided into donors and recipients randomly.20 times experimental operation were finished. The total pancreas with a short segment of duodenum was transplanted to a recipient by anastomoses of vessels to the recipient iliac vessels and small bowel segment to the jejunum with enteric drainage. During operation, mean arterial pressure(MAP), central venous pressure(CVP)were monitored. The levels of amylase activity in blood were investigated.Doppler color blood flow ultrasonography was used to evaluate blood flow of pancreatic allografts,and ultrasound-guided percutaneous pancreas allograft biopsy and histopathologic examination were performed.Results The successful rate of operation was 90%. Recipient's MAP was decreased after the reopening of inosculated blood vessels.(P

Animals ; Female ; Gonads ; physiopathology ; Hypothermia ; chemically induced ; physiopathology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Sex Factors ; Soman ; adverse effects ; pharmacology

According to the existing Provisions for Drug Registration (SFDA Order No. 28), applications for new drugs of traditional Chinese medicine are divided into two parts: the applications for drug clinical trial and for drug production (including new drug certificate). It will last for about 10 years from the application for drug clinical trial to get approving, and it also remains many problems and the low probability to succeed. From the sight of pharmaceutical review, there are mainly two aspects of regulatory compliance and technical issues, mainly for changes without approval of the competent authorities of the country. For example, sample preparation and approval of clinical trial process are significant changes. Technical problems are reporting incomplete data or information submitted does not comply with the technical requirements for review, such as: production process validation does not provide information, the preparation of samples for clinical trials and field inspection, production information, or the information provided does not meet the technical requirements. This paper summarizes the frequently asked questions and to make recommendations to advise applicants concerned, timely detection of problems, avoid risk, improving the quality and efficiency of the application for registration.
China ; Drug Approval ; legislation & jurisprudence ; Drug Evaluation ; legislation & jurisprudence ; Humans ; Legislation, Drug ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of treating depressive patients with somatic symptoms with combined TCM and western medicine.Methods 69 patients were randomly divided into 2 groups:a combined therapy group (treated with Yangyin-Qinggan decoction and paroxetine) and mono-therapy (treated with paroxetine alone as an active control),The depressive and somatic symptoms were assessed before (0 week),during (2 weeks and 4 weeks) and at the end point (8 weeks) of the treatment.Results ①Both therapies alleviated the depressive symptoms:HAMD assessed among patients receiving combined therapy are listed as:(0 week:19.29±2.38),(2 weeks:17.38 ± 2.37),(4 weeks:15.27 ± 2.15),(8 weeks:13.35 ± 2.09) ;combined therapy started to ease the depressive symptoms after 2 weeks of treatment (2 week compared with 0weeks),similar improvements could also be noticed after 4 weeks of treatment 4 weeks with 2 weeks:P＜0.05)and at the end of this research (after 8 weeks of treatment:8 weeks with 4 weeks:P＜0.05).HAMD for mono-therapy are as:(0 week:18.69±3.03),(2 weeks:16.63±3.09),(4 weeks:15.20±2.95),(8 weeks:14.60±2.72) ; mono-therapy started to alleviate the depressive symptoms also,after 2 weeks of treatment (2 weeks compared with 0 week:P＜0.05),yet only slight improvements could be seen after 4 weeks (4 weeks with 2 weeks:P＞0.05) and 8 weeks of the treatment (8 weeks with 4 weeks:P＞0.05).The combined therapy turned to be more effective in alleviating depressive symptoms at the end point of the treatment (P＜0.05).②In terms of improving the somatic symptoms,the Somatization Symptom Scale (SSS) among patients with combined therapy were as follows:(0 week:48.74±4.07),(2 weeks:46.74±4.16),(4 weeks:43.74±3.77),(8 weeks:41.18 ± 3.50) ; Combined therapy was witnessed to start to ease those symptoms after 2 weeks o f treatment (2week compared with 0 weeks,P＜0.05),similar patterns were found again,after 4 weeks (4 weeks with 2 weeks:P＜0.05) and 8 weeks of the treatment (8 weeks with 4 weeks:P＜0.05).Mono-therapy was found to ease the somatic symptoms in a less-effective way,yet no difference was found between any two SSS after 2 weeks,4weeks or 8 weeks of treatment (P＞0.05,respectively).Combined therapy was better at improving the somatic symptoms (P＜ 0.01).Conclusion Combined therapy proved to be more effective in both relieving depression and somatic symptoms.

DPP-4 inhibitors are new oral hypoglycemic drugs and hot spots developed and launched in recent years, and they pro-vide new choices for the clinical treatment of type 2 diabetes. In China, DPP-4 inhibitors that are approved to use in the treatment of type 2 diabetes are all imported products currently. In the paper, the current intellectual property situation of DPP-4 inhibitors that are developed and approved at home and abroad is researched and analyzed. Reasonable use of the patent information of DPP-4 inhibitors that is about to expire or have failed can provide good guidance for the subsequent development of DPP-4 inhibitors in domestic with promising curative effect and good market prospects, and can generate new patents in order to enhance the market competitiveness.

This paper analyzes the reason of spurious image and discusses how to control quality and correct image for the requirement of quality control.

Objective To determine the therapeutic effect of insulin glargine plus insulin aspart on perioperative patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods One hundred eighty-seven perioperative patients with type 2 diabetes were treated with insulin pump(CSII group,n=64),multiple subcutaneous insulin injection(MSII group,n=61),and insulin glargine plus insulin aspart injection(G group,n=62).The blood glucose,insulin dose and the incidence rate of hypoglycemia were observed.Results The levels of blood glucose in all groups were reduced after the treatments,and the postoperative level in G group was significantly lower than that in MSII group(P0.05).Conclusion Insulin glargine can rapidly and stably control blood glucose in perioperative patients with type 2 diabetes.

The vital force of Chinese medicine is rooted in the excellent clinical efficacy,however,the good efficacy,is inseparable from a profound theoretical basis,noble medical ethics,and superb medical skills;Based on these aspects,the characteristics of clinical thinking of the medical master Professor WANG Mian-zhi was analyzed preliminary.The master developed a unique clinical thinking style by integrating the ethics,principles of Chinese medicine and clinical skills,which was based on deep morality and rigorous scholarship.Professor Wang's unique style can be summed up as emphasis on syndrome differentiation,elaborate discussion on treating,fine adjusting formula and herbs according to the evidence based syndrome change;thinking carefully and harmoniously;Thought of integration and innovation,overcoming difficulties.Master Wang's thought is very valuable for the cultivation of Chinese medicine scholars and is beneficial for clinical and research personnel of Chinese Medicine,it is worth being further developed.