OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical value of pleural biopsy in the etiological diagnosis of pleurisy in children.

METHODTotally 213 cases with pleurisy, who underwent pleural biopsy and hospitalized in Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from January 2007 to April 2014 were enrolled into this study. Clinical symptoms, imaging manifestations, pleural fluid characteristics, the results of pleural biopsy and postoperative complications were retrospectively analyzed to evaluate the clinical value and security of pleural biopsy in making the etiological diagnosis of pleurisy.

RESULT(1) Of the 213 cases, 144 were boys and 69 were girls, their mean age was (6. 5 ± 4. 1) years. (2) Two hundred and thirteen patients had a surgical pleural biopsy under general anesthesia, the cause of 97 cases (45. 5%) were made clear by histopathological examination, including 35 purulent pleurisy, 55 tuberculous pleurisy and 7 paragonimus infection. For the remaining 83 (41. 3%) cases a final diagnosis was made based on the full analysis of clinical data, including 63 cases of purulent pleurisy, 3 cases of tuberculous pleurisy and 17 cases of paragonimiasis pleurisy but for 33 patients no exact cause was found at the end. (3) The mean operating time of the biopsy was (1. 4 ± 0. 6) hours. Seventy one (33. 3%) patients required blood transfusion during or after the operation. Thirty one (14. 6%) cases used the ventilator after surgery, and the ventilator supporting time was (6. 6 ± 5. 8) hours on average. The wound healing reached grade A in 200 cases (93. 9%), grade B in 13 cases (14. 6%). Postoperative complications included pneumothorax in 92 cases (43. 2%), subcutaneous emphysema in 18 cases (8. 5%), bronchopleural fistula in 3 cases(1. 4%). The average days of hospitalization was (17. 7 ± 7. 1) d.

CONCLUSIONPleural biopsy is of great diagnostic value in the etiological diagnosis and differential diagnosis of pleurisy in children, and it is considered reasonable to be used in the clinical practice when appropriate.

Biopsy ; Child ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Infection ; diagnosis ; Male ; Pleura ; Pleurisy ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Tuberculosis, Pleural ; complications ; diagnosis

Objective To further compare the effect of intravitreal injection of bevacizumab (IVB) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) for the treatment of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to pathologic myopia by meta-analysis.Methods Pertinent publications were identified through systemic searches of PubMed,EMBASE and the Cochrance Controlled Trials Register.All clinical comparative studies of IVB or PDT as initial treatment for CNV secondary to pathologic myopia were included.Meta analysis of these clinical trials was performed to analyze the effect of IVB and PDT for CNV secondary to pathologic myopia.Measurements included best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central foveal thickness (CFT).Results A total of 6 comparative studies involving 351 eyes were included.There were 196 eyes in IVB group and 215 eyes in PDT group.Funnel plots,Egger linear regression and Begg method did not show publication bias.Compared with PDT group,at 3,6 and 12 months after IVB treatment,BCVA significantly increased [3 months:weighted mean difference (WMD) =-0.14,95 ％ confidence interval (CI)=-0.26 to-0.01,P=0.04; 6 months:WMD=-0.18,95％ CI=-0.33 to-0.03,P=0.02; 12 months:WMD=-0.26,95％ CI=-0.35 to-0.18,P＜0.001].However,change of CFT at 3,6 and 12 months did not vary significantly between IVB group and PDT group (3 months:WMD=-22.49,95％ CI=-93.49 to 48.52,P=0.53; 6 months:WMD=-17.34,95％ CI=-56.00 to 21.31,P=0.38; 12 months:WMD=-5.32,95％ CI=-56.37 to 45.74,P=0.84).Conclusion Patients with CNV secondary to pathologic myopia experienced a significant benefit of visual improvement after IVB,but reduction in CFT after the IVB or PDT did not vary significantly.

Objective To study ischemic tolerance induced by acanthopannx senticosus saponins(ASS) on ischemia in PC12 cells and involve expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1?(HIF-1?).Methods An ischemic model was developed in PC12 cell line with treatment of oxygen glucose deprivation(OGD).The protective effects of ASS pretreatment on ischemic tolerance of PC12 cells and whether protective effects of ASS could be inhibited by LY294002(PI3K inhibitor) were analyzed through MTT assay.The induction of phospho-glycogen synthesis kinase-3?(p-GSK-3?) and HIF-1? after pretreatment of ASS and possible blocking effects of LY294002 were detected by Western-blot.Results MTT results showed that after 9 h ischemia,the viability of PC12 cells decreased dramatically(P

Child ; Diagnostic Errors ; Female ; Humans ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; diagnosis ; Sarcoma, Ewing ; diagnosis

Objective To explore the scanning techniques of piriformis and different ultrasonographic characteristics of normal and abnormal piriformis.Methods A total of 40 cases diagnosed with unilateral piriformis syndrome underwent ultrasonic examination.Then ultrasonic scanning techniques of piriformis were summarized.Contours,thickness and smoothness of epimysium and ultrasonic echo of internal muscle texture of piriformis were compared between the normal and abnormal piriformis.The study was approved by the Third Affiliated Hospital Ethics Committee of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Approval no.ZSLL-JS-2016-18).Results Interruption of ultrasonic echo of ilium could be considered as ultrasonographic signs for locating piriformis quickly and accurately.Abnormal piriformis in suffering side of patients with piriformis syndrome showed obscure contours and being thicker than the other side [x2 =9.899,P =0.002;(25.81 ± 0.30)mm vs (22.29 ± 0.27)mm,t =13.604,P =0.000].Moreover,there were significant differences in comparing smoothness of epimysium and ultrasonic echo of internal muscle texture of piriformis between the two sides(x2 =23.226,P =0.000;x2 =54.848,P =0.000).Conclusions Interruption of ultrasonic echo of ilium may be an important sign for locating piriformis.Ultrasound can display piriformis clearly and distinguish ultrasonographic images of normal piriformis accurately from abnormal piriformis,which can be taken as an basis imaging for clinical diagnosis of piriformis syndrome.

The aim of the study is to prepare flurbiprofen axetil nanoemulsion-in situ gel system (FBA/NE-ISG) and observe its ocular pharmacokinetics, rheological behavior, TEM images, irritation and cornea retention. Production of nanoemulsion was based on high-speed shear and homogenization process, and then mixed with gellan gum to prepare FBA/NE-ISG. Rheological study showed that FBA/NE-ISG possesses strong gelation capacity and its viscosity and elastic modulus increases by 2 Pa*s and 5 Pa respectively when mixed with artificial tear at the ratio of 40 : 7. TEM images suggested no significant changes in particle morphology of the pre and post gelation. Good ocular compatibility of FBA/NE-ISG was testified by the irritation test based on histological examination. In vivo fluorescence imaging system was applied to investigate the characteristics of cornea retention, and the results indicated that the nanoemulsion-in situ gel (NE-ISG) prolonged the cornea retention time significantly since K(NE-ISG) (0.008 5 min(-1) was much lower compared with flurbiprofen sodium eye drops (FB-Na, 0.03% w/v) of which the K(Eye drops) was 0.105 2 min(-1), indicated that the cornea retention time of NE-ISG was prolonged significantly. Pharmacokinetics of FBA/NE-ISG in rabbit aqueous humor was studied by cornea puncture, the MRT (12.3 h) and AUC(0-12h) (126.8 microg x min x mL(-1)) of FBA/NE-ISG was 2.7 and 2.9 times higher than that of the flurbiprofen sodium eye drops respectively, which meant that the ocular bioavailability was improved greatly by the novel preparation. Therefore, FBA/NE-ISG can enhance the ocular bioavailability by prolonging drug corneal retention significantly. What's more, encapsulated by emulsion droplets prodrug flurbiprofen (FBA) instead of flurbiprofen (FB) can reduce the ocular irritation.
Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; pharmacokinetics ; Aqueous Humor ; metabolism ; Biological Availability ; Cornea ; cytology ; drug effects ; Emulsions ; Female ; Flurbiprofen ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacokinetics ; Gels ; Male ; Nanoparticles ; Ophthalmic Solutions ; Rabbits ; Rheology ; Viscosity

To reveals the effects of tree species on polysaccharides content of epiphytic Dendrobium officinale. The polysaccharides content of D. officinale attached to living tress in wild or stumps in bionic-facility was determined by phenol-sulfuric acid method. There were extremely significant differences of polysaccharides content of D. officinale attached to different tree species, but the differences had no relationship with the form and nutrition of barks. The polysaccharides content of D. officinale mainly affected by the light intensity of environment, so reasonable illumination favored the accumulation of polysaccharides. Various polysaccharides content of D. officinal from different attached trees is due to the difference of light regulation, but not the form and nutrition of barks.
Dendrobium ; chemistry ; Light ; Plant Bark ; physiology ; Polysaccharides ; analysis ; Trees

Objective: To observe the effect of Yi Jin Jing (Sinew-transforming Qigong Exercises) on the muscle strength in senile sarcopenia. Methods: Sixty-five old people with sarcopenia were randomized into Yi Jin Jing group and a blank control group. Thirty-three patients in Yi Jin Jing group practiced Yi Jin Jing (Sinew-transforming Qigong Exercises), while 32 patients in the blank control group didn't receive any interventions. The muscle strength was measured before and after 12-week training. Results: During the study, each group had 1 dropout. The muscle strength was improved after 12-week training in Yi Jin Jing group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); there was no significant difference in the blank control group (P>0.05). After the intervention, there was a significant difference between Yi Jin Jing group and the blank control group in comparing the muscle strength (P<0.05). Conclusion: Constant Yi Jin Jing (Sinew-transforming Qigong Exercises) training can notably improve skeletal muscle strength in senile sarcopenia.

AIM:To investigate the safety and effect of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery with Cionni modified capsular tension ring (MCTR) implantation in the management of traumatic lens subluxation.METHODS: Totally 11 patients (11 eyes) with traumatic lens subluxation were divided into three groups according to the severity of lens dislocation, ranging from 90° to 120° (4 eyes), 120° to 180° (5 eyes) and 180° to 270° (2 eyes).The contact LenSx femtosecond laser cataract surgery platform was applied to create the capsulotomy, prepare nuclear fragmentation and make corneal wound creation.Anterior vitrectomy was performed in some patients during the surgery.After capsular retractors insertion and phacoemulsification, the MCTR was inserted to the capsular bag and fixed to the sclera.Finally, the IOL was implanted into the capsular bag.Postoperative visual acuity, intra-and post-operative complications, anterior capsular opening, IOL and MCTR position and intraocular pressure (IOP) were assessed.RESULTS:The duration of follow-up was 2mo.All the operations were completed successfully.Five eyes underwent cataract surgery combined with anterior vitrectomy.Four eyes had been inserted with 2-eyelet MCTR and seven eyes with 1-eyelet MCTR.The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) after operation was better than 0.5 in 4 eyes, between 0.3 and 0.5 in 3 eyes, between 0.1 and 0.3 in 3 eyes, and less than 0.1 in 1 eye.Compared with preoperative BCVA, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).All the IOLs were stably centered and the eyelet of MCTR was fixated steadily between the iris and the anterior capsule.The common intra-and post-operative complications were subconjunctival hemorrhage, incomplete capsulotomy, residual cortex, secondary glaucoma and posterior capsular opacification.CONCLUSION:Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery can improve the success rate of capsulorhexis, and reduce the difficulty of nuclear fragmentation.Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery combined with MCTR implantation is an ideal surgical method for traumatic lens subluxation.