Objective To observe the effect of Xiaoyukang capsule on the treatment of limb fracture healing.Methods65 patients according to randomized double-blind were divided into two groups (n=33) and control group (n=32 patients), postoperative observation group Xiaoyukang capsule treatment, control group were not special treatment.At different time points in all patients visual analog scale (VAS score), fracture healing fracture line score and grade the degree of X-ray, using Elisa method of total osteocalcin and collagen type I amino-terminal extension of a peptide levels (TPINP) was measured analysis of two sets of data differences.ResultsThe patients in the observation group 3 days, 7 days after, 10 days after VAS scores were lower than the control group[(3.49±0.31) points vs.4.69±0.46 points](P<0.05);[(2.40±0.25) points vs.(3.54±0.35)points](P<0.05);(1.33±0.14) points than (2.42±0.27) points, P<0.05).Patients observed Group 8 weeks, 12 weeks, 16 weeks after the fracture line rates were higher (1.59±0.27 points than (1.01±0.21) points(P<0.05);(2.65±0.40) points than (1.96 ± 0.36)min, P<0.05;(3.45±0.46) points than (2.65 ± 0.41) points(P<0.05).③ patients after 8 weeks of observation group and TPINP water osteocalcin were higher (65.37±8.07)μg/L ratio(39.95±7.18)μg/L(P<0.05);[(81.05±6.89)ng /mL ratio of (39.95±7.18) μg/L] (P<0.05).④ observation group 8 weeks after fracture healing X-ray grade level 69.70% than the control group 37.50%, and the difference was significant (P<0.05).Conclusionlimb fracture patients after taking the capsules Xiaoyu relieve pain, regulate the body and osteocalcin levels TPINP to promote fracture healing.

Dioscin, a typical saponin, is widely present in the family of Dioscoreaceae, Liliaceae, Caryophyllaceae and Rosaceae, especially in Dioscoreaceae, including Discorea nipponica Makino, Dioscorea zingiberensis C. H. Wright and Dioscorea panthaica Prain et Burkill. Traditional Chinese medicine reported that dioscin plays a role in expectorant, relaxing the muscles and stimulating the blood circulation, aiding digestion and diuresis. With the development of science and technology in recent years, some new extraction and separation techniques and methods have been applied to the study of dioscin, and more and more pharmacological effects were found. Modern pharmacology studies have confirmed that dioscin had some activities on desensitization, anti-inflammatory, lipid-lowering, anti-tumor, hepatoprotection and anti-viral. After oral administration, dioscin is metabolized to diosgenin, which is the true active ingredient and is an important raw material to synthesize steroid hormone drugs. Therefore, the studies on dioscin are valueable and promising. In this review, we make a summary on the researches of dioscin including the extraction technology, separation and prepara- tion, chemical synthesis, drug metabolism, determination and pharmacological researches.
Animals ; Biological Products ; adverse effects ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Diosgenin ; adverse effects ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Plant Extracts ; adverse effects ; chemistry ; pharmacology

To observe the influence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis 19-kDa lipoprotein (Mtb P19) on function and phenotype of macrophage,the Mtb P19 was prepared from cultured Mtb H37Ra and the phorbol myristate acetate-differentiated THP-1 cells were incubated with P19 at the concentration of 10 μg/mL with 5% CO_2 at 37℃ for up to 48 hours.Supernatants were collected for TNF-α and IL-6 detection by ELISA,then the phenotype fluorescent antibodies were stained to analyze HLA-DR expression changes between control group and experimental group.Flow cytometry and microscopy was used to assay the phagocytosis in macrophages stimulated by Mtb P19.IL-6 and TNF-α in collected supernatants were detected.Results indicated that both were found significant increases and their phagocytosis were enhanced.Comparing to the control group,the mean fluorescence intensity showed a significant increase 24hs after stimulation.It presents that Mtb P19 could be able to induce macrophages activation,and it would be significantly important for protection during infection period.

To observe the effect of Mycobacterium tuberculosis 19 kDa lipoprotein (Mtb P19) upon the expression and distribution of Toll-like receptor-2 (TLR-2) on the surface of macrophages, Mtb P19 was prepared from the cultured M.tuberculosis H37 Ra strain , and phorbol myristatye acetate (PMA)-differentiated THP-1 cells were co-cultivated with Mtb P19 at concentration of 10 g/mL and at 37 ℃ temperature and a condition containing 5% CO_2.for 6 hours.. The distribution of TLP-2 on the surface of macrophages was investigated by immuno-cellular chemical method (ICC) while the effect of Mtb P19 upon the expression of TLR on the surface of macrophages was assayed by fluorescent antibody staining. In addition,the changes of TLR-2 expression before and after the effect of Mtb P19 were investigated by flow cytometry analysis and change of TLR-2 arrangement after stimulation with Mth P19 was determined by co-focal microscopy. It was found that the TLR-2 molecules were evenly distributed on the surface of macrophages as demonstrated by ICC. The mean fluorescent intensity increased significantly after stimulation with Mtb P19 for 6 hours in comparison with that of the control group, and the patchy surface with fluorescent staining positive zones could be detected on the surface of macrophages. Nevertheless , the distribution of TLR-2 molecule in the control group appeared to be randomly dynamic. It is evident that the Mth P19 not only can induce the surface expression of TLR-2 molecules, but also cause a functional aggregation of this receptor.

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical significance of posterior spinal cord shifting after two different types of laminoplasty for multilevel cervical myelopathy.Methods From June 2004 to September 2007,65 patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy were reviewed in this study,including 41 males and 24 females with an average age was 56.3 years(range,39-75).Among them,33 patients underwent selective laminoplasty and 32 patients underwent open-door laminoplasty.There were no significant differences of preoperative JOA scores and cervical curvature index between two groups.After one year follow -up,the posterior shifting of spinal cord,Japanese Orthopaedics Association (JOA) recovery rate,loss of curvature index and axial symptom for each patient were calculated.ResultsAll cases were followed up for average 34 months(range,26-47).There was significant difference of the postoperative posterior shifting between the two groups,which was(1.4±0.6) mm in selective laminoplasty group and(3.3±1.2) mm in opendoor laminoplasty group,respectively.The average JOA recovery rate was 60.5％±21.3％ and 61.1％±17.9％ in selective laminoplasty and open-door laminoplasty group,respectively.There was no significant difference of JOA recovery rate between the two groups.Loss of cervical curvature indices was 3.3％±1.7％ and 3.1％± 2.4％ in selective laminoplasty and open-door laminoplasty group,respectively,with no significant difference between the two groups.The rate of patients with evident axial symptoms was 18.2％ and 33.3％ in selective laminoplasty group and open-door laminoplasty group,and the difference of the scores of cervical axial symptom was statistically significant.ConclusionThe degree of the postoperative posterior shifting of the spinal cord in open-door laminoplasty group was greater than that in selective laminoplasty group.The posterior shifting of the spinal is correlated with cord,axial symptom but not the recovery rate and curvature index.

Objective To investigate the value of prostate-bladder angle (PBA) measured by MRI in the diagnosis of benign prostate obstruction (BPO). Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out on 87 benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients referred for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) between March 2009 and November 2009. PBA was measured by MRI and urodynamic parameter Qmax was measured as well. With the diagnostic criteria of BPO as Qmax＜10 ml/s, the patients were divided into two groups: obstruction group and non-obstruction group. PBA was compared between these two groups. The sensitivity and the specificity of PBA in diagnosing BPO were also analyzed. Results The age range of the patients was 57-90 years with a median age 73 years; Qmax was 2.325.4 ml/s with median Qmax 7.9 ml/s; PBA was 4°-52° with median PBA 27°. There were 25 patients in the non-obstruction group with PBA between 4°- 21°(13°); in the obstruction group,there were 62 patients with PBA between 15°- 52°(34°). PBA was found statistically different between the obstruction and non-obstruction group (P＜0.01). With the cutoff at PBA≥20°for the diagnosis of BPO, the sensitivity and specificity of the diagnosis were 90. 3 % (56/62)and 96.0% (24/25), respectively. Conclusion PBA measured by MRI is valuable and can be used as a new non-invasive parameter in the diagnosis of BPO.

This study established a finite element (FE) model of human body head (HBM-head) in accordance with human head anatomy.The anatomical structure of HBM-head was described in detail,primarily consisting of scalp,skull,dura mater,cerebrospinal fluid,pia mater,cerebrum,cerebellum,ventricle,brain stem,falx,and tentorium.The kinematic and kinetic responses,as well as the intracranial pressure distribution of the head model were compared with the data from the cadaveric impact tests to validate the head FE model.Experimental results confirmed that the head FE model had good biofidelity and could be used to study head-brain trauma in vehicle collisions and the underlying injury mechanisms.

Bioactive natural products are the material bases of Chinese materia medica resources. With successful applications of synthetic biology strategies to the researches and productions of taxol, artemisinin and tanshinone, etc, the potential ability of synthetic biology in the sustainable utilization of Chinese materia medica resources has been attracted by many researchers. This paper reviews the development of synthetic biology, the opportunities of sustainable utilization of Chinese materia medica resources, and the progress of synthetic biology applied to the researches of bioactive natural products. Furthermore, this paper also analyzes how to apply synthetic biology to sustainable utilization of Chinese materia medica resources and what the crucial factors are. Production of bioactive natural products with synthetic biology strategies will become a significant approach for the sustainable utilization of Chinese materia medica resources.
Artemisinins ; metabolism ; Biosynthetic Pathways ; Biotechnology ; Diterpenes, Abietane ; genetics ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; metabolism ; Escherichia coli ; metabolism ; Ginsenosides ; genetics ; metabolism ; Metabolic Engineering ; methods ; Paclitaxel ; metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; genetics ; metabolism ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; genetics ; metabolism ; Synthetic Biology

Objective To investigate the variations of intestinal flora of common carp in patients with hyperuricemia in Qingdao District.Methods The fecal flora was analyzed by gradient dilution method.The levels of uric acid in blood and feces were detected by enzyme colorimetry method and phosphortungstic acid method,respectively.Results E.coli (7.58 ± 0.34,P ＜ 0.05),the total count of aerobian (7.76 ± 0.67,P ＜ 0.05),and bacteroides (2.75 ± 0.31,P ＜ 0.05) were significantly increased in hyperuricemia patients compared to controls.Bifidobacterium (5.38 ± 0.34,P ＜ 0.05) and lactobacillus (2.69 ± 1.48,P ＜ 0.05) were sig-nificantly decreased compared to controls.Concentrations of uric acid in blood and feces were both significantly higher in the patients relative to healthy controls.Decomposition capability was similar to healthy controls.Decomposition capability of uric acid revealed a close correlation with bifidobacterium and lactobacillus,respectively (r =0.565,0.328,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Intestinal dysbacteriosis was found by the analysis of fecal flora in patient with hyperuricemia in Qingdao district.Dysbacteriosis might participate in the process of hyperuricemia onset.

Objective To summarize and discuss the diagnostic and treating experiences of chronic pancreatitis with mass in the head. Methods Eight patients of chronic pancreatitis with mass in the head who were misdiagnosised as carcinoma of head of pancreas were analyzed retrospectively in the past 10 years. Results All the patients exhibited abdominal pain,5 of whom were with jaundice and 3 with anorexia. All the patients were misdiagnosised as carcinoma of head of pancreas before the operation,but the pathology after operation indicated chronic pancreatitis. The pancreaticoduodenectomy was performed in 5 patients,the choledochojejunostomy in 2 patients,while the exploratory laparotomy in 1 patient. After the operations,the abdominal pain was relieved in 7 patients, while 2 patients who accepted pancreatoduodenectomy suffered from pancreatic fistula,1 of whom died in the end. Conclusion It’s hard to differentiate the chronic pancreatitis with mass in the head from the carcinoma of head of pancreas before operation. If the carcinoma of head of pancreas can’t be excluded during the operation,the pancreatoduodenectomy should be performed,while the duodenum-preserving total resection of the head of the pancreas or any intra-drainage operations should be done if chronic inflammation is found in the whole pancreas with a negative result of the biopsy of the pancreas through the needle aspiration.