The image guided radio therapy (IGRT) Imaging System based on cone-beam computer tomography (CBCT) can reach the goal of improving the accuracy of the radiotherapy. However, because the clinical registration between CBCT images and Planning CT images is carried out manually, it inevitably reduces radiation positioning accuracy to some extent. To tackle the problem, we proposed a new feature vector selection method for the CBCT image elastic registration in the framework of hierarchical attribute matching mechanism for elastic registration (HAMMER) algorithm. We analyzed the characteristics of HAMMER algorithm and used Canny operator which has a better edge detection and positioning performance to replace the noise-sensitive gradient amplitude. Therefore, we used a new attribute vector, which consisted of the intensity, Laplacian of the Gaussian and Canny operator, to ex tract the image feature points in CBCT and planning CT images. We also presented an adaptive feature-point selection method and the choice criteria of attribute vector weights. Experimental results showed that the new feature vector effectively avoided the noise interference resulted from scattering lines in CBCT images to improve registration accuracy, and it also decreased the required feature point numbers and reduced the computation redundancy, so that it provided a new approach for the clinical elastic registration of CBCT and Planning CT rapidly and accurately.
Algorithms ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Humans ; Radiotherapy ; methods ; Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted

Objective To compare the incidence of cardiopulmonary complications between treatment of video assisted thoracoscopic operation and traditional thoracotomy operation in elderly patients with non-small cell lung cancer.Methods 122 cases of elderly patients with non small cell lung cancer were treated in our hospital from Mar 2010 to Jun 2014,and randomly divided into observation group (therapeutic lobectomy by video assisted thoracoscopic operation) and control group (therapeutic lobectomy by traditional thoracotomy operation) (n=61,each).The postoperative cardiopulmonary complications and relevant indexes of cardiopulmonary function were analyzed and compared between the two groups.Results Before operation,there was no significant difference in the relevant indexes of cardiopulmonary function between the two groups (P＞0.05).After operation,the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and maximal ventilatory volume (MMV) were higher and the heart rate was lower in observation group than in control group (t=3.682,2.243,5.677,all P＜0.05).The incidence of cardiopulmonary complication was lower in observation group than in control group (13.1％ vs.27.9％,x2 =4.075,P=0.044).Conclusions Video assisted thoracoscopic operation is better for the recovery of cardiopulmonary function,and can reduce cardiopulmonary complication in elderly patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

Objective To investigate the clinical manifestation,pathological characteristics,neurological imaging,indications,operative approach and microsurgieal technique of surgery for brain stem tumor.Methods 17 cases of brain stem tumor treated by applying microsurgical skills were retrospectively analyzed from Jan.2002 to Dec.2007.Ten cases were operated via the suboccipito-retromastoid approach,among which 5 situated in pons,3 in medulla oblongata and 2 invoved both pens and medulla oblongata;4 cases were performed via the posteromedian-suboccipital approach,among which 2 located in pens,1 in medulla oblongata and 1 involved both midbrain and pens;3 lesions situated in varying sites of mesencephalon were operated by the suboceipito-supratentorial,infratemporal approach and pterional approach respectively.Results In the series of the patients,lesion was totally excised in 6 cases,subtotally in one,without surgical mortality.All patients were followed up for years ranging from 5 months to 4 years.During the follow-up period,seven patients resumed work and normal life;4 patients could perform physical labor;3 patients obtained self care capability;2 patients needed to be taken care of,1 patient died from pneumonia after discharge.Conclusion Fine therapeutic efficacy and low disability rate could be obtained while applying microsurgical techniques to resect brain stem tumors with correct indication,appropriate approach and elaborate microneurosurgical skills.

To study the expression of transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) in alveolar type Ⅱ cells and their significance in the process of pulmonary fibrosis. MethodsCultivation of alveolar type Ⅱ cells were mode from normal adult rat and of silicotic animal model of rat was established. In situ hybridization and irnmunohistochemieal staining were applied to detect the gene expression of TGFβ1 and PDGF-B in the alveolar type Ⅱ cells of primary culture and silicotic tissue. Results(1) In situ hybridization and immunohistochemical staining showed the positive expression of TGFβi, PDGF-B rnRNAs and their relevant proteins in cultured alveolar type Ⅱ cells. (2) The positive expression of TGFβ1, PDGF-B rnRNAs and their proteins were prominent in the proliferative alveolar type Ⅱ cells of experimental group of silicotic models. Weak expression of TGFβ1 mRNA were found only in a part of normal alveolar type Ⅱ cells of control group. ConclusionThe proliferative alveolar type Ⅱ cells express TGFβ1 and PDGF-B, which may play an important role in silicotic fibrcsis.

Objective To explore the activity and its possible neural mechanism of brain default mode network by using resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods The 20 amnestic MCI patients and 25 healthy controls were included in this study, and all subjects underwent mini-mental state examination (MMSE), auditory verbal learning test (AVLT) and fMRI. The data were analyzed by amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (ALFF), and the enhanced and weakened regions of ALFF were observed and compared in both MCI patients and healthy controls. Results MMSE and AVLT tests showed that the memory function was seriously impaired in MCI patients compared with healthy controls, which is based on the short and long delayed episodic memory impairment (2.4±1.7 vs. 6.6±1.4, t=3.70, P＜0.01; 2.1±1.6 vs. 6.7±1.5, t=4.16, P＜0.01). The resting state fMRI showed that MCI patients had significant decreases of ALFF in hippocampal formation, parahippocampal cortex and lateral temporal cortex as compared with health controls (t=2.58, 2.43 and 1.75, all P＜0.01), which were closely relevant to the episodic memory. And they had significant increases in temporal-parietal joint and inferior parietal lobule (t=3.14 and 2.77, both P＜0.01). Conclusions MCI patients show significant decreased active intensity of some DMN nodes that is related to episodic memory in resting state. Increased active intensity in MCI patients would be some type of compensation.

To find a rapid and accurate genotyping method for specific non-syndromic hearing loss (NSHL)-causing gene mutations for disease diagnosis in different ethnic populations.Methods We performed a novel multiplex primer extension (PE) reaction in combination with denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) to simultaneously detect and genotype the 6 most common mutations in 180 patients with NSHL (GJB2-235delC,GJB2-299delAT,PDS-A2168G,PDS IVS7-2A ＞ G,mtDNA-A1555G,and mtDNA-C1494T) in Chinese population.This method involved the amplification of the target sequence,followed by a purification step,a multiplex PE reaction,and DHPLC analysis performed on the Transgenomic Wave DNA fragment analysis system under fully-denaturing conditions.Results In a blind analysis,this technique successfully and accurately genotyped 100％ of the samples simultaneously characterized by direct sequencing.Conclusion Combination of PE and DHPLC is simple,rapid,accurate,and cost-effective for genotyping common disease-causing mutations,including substitutions,insertions,and deletions in NSHL,and may be successfully used in other genetic diseases.

Objective Based on active monitoring MRSA carriage for hospitalized patients, the relationship between colonization pressure and MRSA cross transmission in wards without rigorous contactisolation measures was analyzed, and the role of colonization pressure in predicting MRSA cross transmission was further evaluated. Methods From March to December 2009, active MRSA colonization screening was performed for 240 hospitalized patients in emergency ward and 94 cases in RICU in our hospital. rep-PCR method was employed to do homology analysis on MRSA strains obtained in this study. MRSA weekly colonization pressure, threshold colonization pressure ,cross transmission rate were calculated respectively. RR of MRSA cross transmission under higher level of colonization pressure and lower level of colonization pressure was analyzed. Results MRSA carriage rates on admission for patients in emergency wards and RICU were 6. 25% (15/2A0) and 13. 83 % (13/94) ,and MRSA cross transmission occurred in 13 weeks and 14 weeks in above two units, respectively. Threshold colonization pressures for above two units were 6. 49%and 17. 66%, respectively. For emergency ward, the MRSA cross transmission rate under higher level of colonization pressure was significantly higher than that under lower level of colonization pressure (x2 = 7. 10,P＜0. 01), the RR of MRSA transmission was 9. 61 (95% CI:1. 25-74.00). For RICU, the MRSA cross transmission rate under higher level of colonization pressure was significantly higher than that under lower level of colonization pressure(x2 = 12. 60, P＜0. 01 ), the RR of MRSA transmission was 15.87 (95% CI:2. 06-122. 10). Conclusions Higher level of colonization pressure is an important risk factor for MRSA transmission, and average colonization pressure can be used as a prediction index for MRSA transmission and strengthening prevention and control measures.

Objective To investigate the correlation between heat-shock protein 70-2 (HSP70-2) gene+1267A/G polymorphism and coronary heart disease (CHD) in Han Chinese population. Methods Using the method of polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) , the polymorphism and genotype and allele distribution of HSP70-2 gene + 1267A/G in 185 CHD patients and 149 controls were analyzed. Results The HSP70-2 gene + 1267A/G polymorphism was found in this study population.The distribution of HSP70-2 genotypes was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The frequency of G allele in CHD group was significantly higher than that in control (61.89% vs51.68%, P ＜ 0. 01). After multiple logistic regression analysis, HSP70-2 gene (GG + AG) genotype was an independent risk factor of coronary heart disease. Conclusion HSP70-2 gene + 1267A/G polymorphism was associated with CHD risk of Han Chinese population, the G allele might serve as a genetic risk factor of coronary heart disease.

With the development of the proteomics technology, more and more tumorous labeled substrates have been discovered and applied to clinical practice. This can provide the forepart diagnosis of tumor and prognosis monitoring with the reliable evidence. A summary is given of the study strategy of proteomics and its application in the prostatic carcinoma research.
Animals ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; analysis ; Humans ; Male ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Proteomics ; methods ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Objective To assess the effects of femtosecond laser-assisted anterior capsulotomy versus manual continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis on intraocular lens (IOL) centration by measuring and comparing shape,size and positional parameters.Methods Eighty cases (80 eyes) with age-related cataract from March 2015 to July 2016 in our hospital were collected.Forty patients (40 eyes) in the femtosecond group underwent femtosecond laser anterior capsulotomy and 40 patients (40 eyes) in the annular group were treated with annular continuous capsulorhexis.At postoperative 1 week,1 month,1 year,the slit lamp digital photography and Pentacam anterior segment analyzer were used to collect the anterior segment images,and the parameters include horizontal and vertical diameter,roundness,package and partial centre of IOL were analyzed by image analysis software image-pro-plus 6.0.Using repeated measurement of variance analysis,Fisher exact probability,and Generalized estimation equations (GEE),the differences between parameters of the groups and IOL decentration predictor were analyzed.Results The vertical diameter,roundness,maximum distance,minimum distance,package and horizontal deviation were statistically significant between the femtosecond group and the annular group at 1 week and 1 month after operation (all P ＜ 0.05),and there was no significant difference in horizontal diameter and vertical deviation between two groups (all P ＞ 0.05).At 1 year after operation,the maximum distance,minimum distance,package and horizontal deviation between two groups were statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in vertical and horizontal diameter,roundness,and vertical deviation between two groups (all P ＞ 0.05).There was no patient with horizontal shift ＞ 0.4 mm in the femtosecond group at 1 week,1 month and 1 year;The ratio of cases with horizontal shift ＞0.4 mm and ＜0.4 mm in the annular group at 1 week,1 month and 1 year were 2/38,4/36,8/32,respectively.There was significant difference in the horizontal shift ＞ 0.4 nun between the two groups after 1 year(P ＜ 0.05).In the univariate generalized estimating equation model,the capsulorhexis type was a significant predictor of horizontal shift.Of all the capsulorhexis parameters,the difference of inclusion degree was statistically significant (P =0.001).There was negative correlation between the horizontal shift and package at different time points in the femtosecond group at 1 week,1 month and 1 year (r =-0.89,P ＜ 0.05;r =-0.72,P ＜ 0.05;r =-0.58,P ＜ 0.05);There was negative correlation between the horizontal shift and package at different time points in the annular group at 1 week(r =-0.68,P ＜ 0.05),but no correlation at 1 month and 1 year (r=-0.41,P＞0.05;r=-0.33,P＞0.05).Conclusion The anterior capsule made by femtosecond laser anterior capsulotomy is more round,centered and accurate,pocket IOL position is more stabled and neutral.