The main pollution of coastal sea is heavy metal and eutrophication,which resulted in degeneration of its eco-function.Pollution of heavy metal is accompanied with eutrophication in sea water.This article studied on copper absorption capacity of several bacteria strains which were isolated from the surface of macroalga Gracilaria lemaneaformis that was cultivated in copper polluted sea.We got 6 strains of epiphytic bacteria from the seaweed,Ochrobactrum anthropi,Aeromonas salmonicida,Micrococcus lylae,Corynebacterium ulcerans,Pseudoalteromonas spp,Vibrio fluvialis.Attained from the experiment of copper biosorption,A.salmonicida had a maximal biosorption capacity among them,and Vibrio minimal.Based on this trail,A.salmonicida,C.ulcerans and Vibrio were selected for next trails included optimal biosorption time,optimal pH value and effect of pre-disposal by several chemical reagents on biosorption capacity.The results showed:optimal biosorption time was between 40 minutes and 60 minutes,and optical pH value 4～5.Pre-disposal by HCl leaded to lost the absorption capacity of A.salmonicida,but was opposite by NaOH and ethanol.For C.ulcerans and Vibrio,the copper absorption capacities were increased by them.

In 2012,Beijing Children’s Hospital established the Beijing Children’s Hospital Group to explore the new model of public hospital reform.This study covered the target setting,management framework,network system,and sharing mechanism of the group,and discussed the merits and setbacks of such a practice,for insights of public hospital reform.

Objective To study the expression of VEGF-C and its receptor in breast carcinoma tissue and in peritumoral tissue,as well as their clinic significance.Methods Immunohistochemistry SP method was used to examine the expression of VEGF-C and VEGFR3 in 70 cases of breast cancer and in its peritu- moral tissue.Results In all 70 cases of breast cancer,the positive expression rate of VEGF-C in breast car- cinoma tissue was 78.6 %,and its rate in peritumoral tissue was 54.3 %.There was a significant stastistic dif- ference between the two groups(P

BACKGROUND: Autophagy is a homeostatic process for intracellular recycling of bulk proteins and aging organelles. Increased autophagy has now been reported in experimental models of traumatic brain injury, stroke and excitotoxicity, and in patients with Alzheimer's disease and critical illness. The role of autophagy in developmental epilepsy, however, is unknown. The present study was to investigate the effects of recurrent neonatal seizure, in the presence and absence of autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA), on the acute phase gene expression of ZnTs, LC3 and Beclin-1 in rat cerebral cortex and the interaction among them. METHODS: Thirty-six Sprague-Dawley neonatal rats at postnatal day 6(P6) were randomly divided into three groups: a recurrent-seizures group (RS, n=12), a 3-MA treated-seizure group (3-MA group, each rat pretreated with 3-methyladenine before seizures, 100nmol/ l/day, i.p., n=12) and a control group (n=12). At 1.5 and 6 hours after the last seizures, the mRNA levels of ZnT1-ZnT3, microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B light chain 3 (LC3) and beclin-1 were detected using the real-time RT-PCR method. The LC3 protein level was examined by Western blotting. RESULTS: The levels of LC3, beclin-1 and ZnT-2 transcripts in the RS group elevated significantly at 1.5 and 6 hours after the last seizures compared with those in the control and 3-MA groups. At the interval of 1.5 hours, the mRNA level of ZnT-1 increased significantly after the last seizure compared with that in the control group. There was no significant difference in the transcript levels of ZnT-3 among the three groups. Linear correlation analysis showed that the expression of the five genes in the control group exhibited a significant inter-relationship. In the 3-MA group, however, the inter-relationship was only found between beclin-1 and ZnT-1. In the RS group, the inter-relationship was not observed. CONCLUSIONS: The autophagy/lysosomal pathway is immediately activated along with the elevated expression of ZnT1 and ZnT2 in the cerebral cortex after recurrent seizures. 3-MA is involved in the regulation of the autophagy/lysosomal pathway and ZnTs by down-regulating the expression of LC3 and beclin-1.

The effect of interventional therapy combined with multifactorial intervention on critical limb ischemia in patients with diabetes mellitus was investigated. The patency rate and limb salvage rate were followed up. Interventional therapy is effective in treating diabetic foot with critical limb ischemia. Multifactorial intervention was helpful for reducing amputation.

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical efficacy of Zengse Pill ( ZSP) on patients with vitiligo of qi-stagnancy and blood-stasis syndrome type (V-QB), and to preliminarily explore its mechanism of action.

METHODSSixty-five V-QB patients, with their diagnosis confirmed by clinical examination, were randomized by digital table method into two groups, with 31 patients in the control group and 34 in the treatment group. Cobamamide (2 tablets) was administered orally to all patients, and Psoralea tincture (a self-formulated preparation) was applied externally thrice a day. In addition, for patients in the treatment group, ZSP was given orally, at 5 pills per dose, 3 times every day. The therapeutic course for both groups was 3 months. Patients were re-examined every half-month, and changes in the skin lesions were observed and recorded. The levels of lymphocyte subsets, serum immune globulin, and complement C3 and C4 in patients were determined before and after the therapeutic course and compared with the corresponding indexes determined in 21 healthy subjects.

RESULTSThe total effective rate in the treatment group was 82.4%, which was markedly higher than that in the control group (54.8%), showing a significant difference (P<0.05). After treatment, CD(4) (+) percentage, CD(4) (+)/CD(8) (+) ratio, and blood levels of C3 and C4 increased, while CD(8) (+) percentage decreased in the treatment group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). All these indexes remained unchanged in the control group, and the respective comparisons between groups showed significant differences (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONZSP has a definite clinical effect on the treatment of V-QB but with no evident adverse reactions, and it can increase the CD(4) (+) percentage, CD(4) (+)/CD(8) (+) ratio, and the levels of serum C3 and C4, thus regulating the immunity of the organism, which might be one of its mechanisms of action.

Adolescent ; Adult ; CD4-CD8 Ratio ; Complement C3 ; analysis ; Complement C4 ; analysis ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins ; blood ; Lymphocyte Subsets ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Qi ; Vitiligo ; drug therapy ; immunology

BACKGROUNDChronic hypoxia can cause pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary heart disease with high mortality. The signal transduction pathway of protein kinase C (PKC) plays an important role in chronic pulmonary hypertension. So it is necessary to investigate the effect of PKC on voltage-gated potassium (K+) channels in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells of rats exposed to chronic hypoxia.

METHODSMale Wistar rats were randomly divided into a control group (group A) and a chronic hypoxia group (group B). Group B received hypoxia [oxygen concentration (10 +/- 1)%] eight hours per day for four consecutive weeks. Single pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells were obtained using an acute enzyme separation method. Conventional whole cell patch clamp technique was used to record resting membrane potential, membrane capacitance and voltage-gated K+ currents. The changes in voltage-gated K+ currents before and after applying paramethoxyamphetamine (PMA) (500 nmol/L), an agonist of PKC, and PMA plus carbohydrate mixture of glucose, fructose and xylitol (GFX) (30 nmol/L), an inhibitor of PKC, were compared between the two groups.

RESULTSThe resting membrane potential in group B was significantly lower than that of group A: -(29.0 +/- 4.8) mV (n = 18) vs -(42.5 +/- 4.6) mV (n = 35) (P < 0.01). But there was no change in membrane capacitance between the two groups: (17.9 +/- 4.6) pF (n = 40) vs (19.7 +/- 5.8) pF (n = 31) (P > 0.05). The voltage-gated K+ currents were significantly inhibited by PMA in group A, and this effect was reversed by GFX. However, the voltage-gated K+ currents in group B were not affected by PMA.

CONCLUSIONSThe resting membrane potential and voltage-gated K+ currents in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells from rats exposed to chronic hypoxia decreased significantly. It seems that PKC has different effects on the voltage-gated K+ currents of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells under different conditions.

Animals ; Chronic Disease ; Hypoxia ; physiopathology ; Male ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; physiology ; Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated ; physiology ; Protein Kinase C ; physiology ; Pulmonary Artery ; physiopathology ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

BACKGROUND: Arthroscopic reconstruction for treatment of avulsion fracture at the tibial insertion of the knee posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) can minimize surgical trauma to the largest degree. However, its implants have relatively poor stability; therefore, functional exercise cannot be performed in the early stages after surgery, which is inconducive to knee function recovery. It is extremely challenging to perform traditional open reduction with internal fixation to repair avulsion fractures at the tibial insertion of the knee PCL. Often, the crushed bones cannot be firmly fixed, leading to a poor repair effect. OBJECTIVE: To design a new inverted "L"-shaped incision in the popliteal fossa through which bone plates were inserted to fix the crushed bones and to reconstruct PCL tension, facilitating knee function recovery; to compare the therapeutic effects of this new fixation and reconstruction method, and arthroscopic reconstruction for treating avulsion fracture at the tibial insertion of the knee PCL. METHODS: A prospective, single-center, non-randomized controlled trial. One hundred and eighty patients (knees) with avulsion fracture at the tibial insertion of the knee PCL will be assigned to two groups based on treatment methods: arthroscopic reconstruction group (n = 90;fracture fixation and repair under the arthroscope) and new method group (n = 90; bone plates will be inserted through an "L"-shaped incision in the popliteal fossa to fix the crushed bones and reconstruct PCL tension). After surgery, these patients will be followed up for 6 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The primary outcome measure is the excellent and good rate of knee function recovery at 12 months after surgery as evaluated by Lysholm Knee Scoring Scale score (Herein referred to as Lysholm score). The secondary outcome measures are the excellent and good rate of knee function recovery before surgery, 6 weeks and 6 months after surgery; Lysholm score before surgery, 6 weeks, 6 months and 12 months after surgery; Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) knee score, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score, posterior drawer test negative rate, X-ray morphology of the knee before surgery, and 6 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months after surgery and; incidence of adverse events at 6 weeks, 6 months and 12 months after surgery. Results of a preliminary study involving 62 patients (knees) with avulsion fracture at the tibial insertion of the knee PCL showed that posterior drawer test negative rate and Lysholm score were significantly higher in the new method group compared to the arthroscopic reconstruction group (P < 0.05) at 3 months after surgery. This study will be performed to compare the therapeutic effects of bone plate insertion through an "L"-shaped incision made in the popliteal fossa to fix the crushed bones and to reconstruct PCL tension, and traditional fracture fixation and repair under the arthroscope to treat avulsion fracture at the tibial insertion of the knee PCL. We believe that the former method will be superior to the latter one because it can fix the avulsion fracture more firmly, facilitating knee function recovery. This study was approved by Medical Ethics Committee of Cangzhou Central Hospital of China (approval No. 2017-120-01). This study will be performed in strict accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki formulated by the World Medical Association. Participants provided signed informed consent prior to participation in the study. This study was designed in December 2017. Patient recruitment and data collection will begin in April 2018. Patient recruitment will end in June 2019. Data analysis will be performed in August 2020. The study will be completed in October 2020. Results will be disseminated through presentations at scientific meetings and/or by publication in a peer-reviewed journal. This trial was registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (registration number:ChiCTR1800015026). The version of this study protocol is (1.0).

Objective The use of tourniquets in total knee arthroplasty has been controversial. Many studies have focused only on the different time courses and neglected the effects of pressures. Currently,there is no study explaining the mechanism of tourniquet-induced injury. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of different tourniquet pressures on pain and swelling after total knee arthroplasty and to explore the mechanism of injury. Methods Ninety-six patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty at Nanjing General Hospital from June 2017 to December 2017 were randomly as-signed to 240 mmHg group (low pressure),270 mmHg group (medi- um pressure),and 300 mmHg group (high pressure). The patient's pain and thigh circumference were measured before and 1-2 days after surgery. Blood samples were taken before and 3,8,and 24 hours after surgery. Superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1),prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and myoglobin were detected,analysed and compared. Results In the perspective of the pain and swelling of affected limb after surgery,the 300 mmHg group (73.24±10.51) was significantly different from the 240 mmHg group (58.18±9.66) and the 270mmHg group (63.06±10.06). In the perspective of the SOD1 level in serum,the 300mmHg group (97.77±13.82) was significant-ly different from the 240mmHg group (63.72±15.02) and the 270 mmHg group (70.58±5.85) at 3h after surgery,and then the diver-gence was gradually decreased. In the perspective of the PGE2 level in serum,the 300 mmHg group (478.05±35.80) was significantly different from the 240mmHg group (334.42±33.12) and the 270mmHg group (391.85±19.41) at 3h after surgery,and the divergence was started to decrease after 8 h. In the perspective of the myoglobin level in serum,the 300 mmHg group (30.43±9.79) was also sig-nificantly different from the 240 mmHg group (17.58±1.93) and the 270 mmHg group (22.28±4.21) at 8 h after operation,the diver-gence was started to decrease after 24 h. which began to decrease after 24 h. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant cor-relation between pain (correlation coefficient 0.518,P<0.001),swelling (correlation coefficient 0.345,P<0.05) and stress after sur-gery. Conclusion The pain and swelling of the affected limb is positively correlated with the pressure of the tourniquet during the operation. Muscle necrosis is the main mechanism of the injury. Oxidative stress occurs in the ischemic phase and inflammation occurs in the reperfusion phase.

Objective To determine the urinary iodine level of people in Yunyang and Bishan County of Chongqing and explore into its influencing factors. Methods Using multistage cluster stratified simple random sample method, Yunyang and Bishan County were chosen as research spots, then thirty children aged 8-10 in each 3 primary school of the 2 counties were selected using stratified randomization sampling method to inspected their urine and household salt for iodine and the iodine content in drinking water. Results Five hundred and seventy-one urine samples were inspected and the urinary iodine median was 261.47 μg/L. 5.78% (33/571) and 37.48%(214/571) of samples had an urinary iodine median less than 100 μg/L and more than 300 μg/L. The urinary iodine median of Yunyang County was higher than that of Bishan (H = 7.42, P < 0.01). The iodine salt coverage rate, the qualified rate and edible qualified iodine salt rate respectively were 99.64%(554/556), 94.22% (522/554) and 93.88% (522/556) in 556 samples of family table salt. Eighty-seven samples of drinking water were inspected, resulting an averaged iodine content of 8.81 and 2.97 μg/L, respectively in the 2 counties. Conclusions The 2 counties are all the area of iodine deficiency. The urinary iodine level, although meeting the demand of eliminating iodine deficiency diseases, is a little bit higher given that iodized salt of present doage has been taken for a long time. The content of iodized salt should be adjusted accordingly.