Child ; Community-Acquired Infections ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Pneumonia ; epidemiology

Objective To study the effect of red cell and plasma protein parameters on progression, prognosis and recurrence of cerebral infarction. Methods Clinical data from 105 patients with cerebral infarction were analyzed. The pa?tients were divided into four paired groups:progressive stroke group and complete stroke group, short-term favorable progno?sis group and short-term unfavorable prognosis group, long-term favorable prognosis group and long-term unfavorable prog?nosis group, relapsed cerebral infarction group and not relapsed group by different criterion. The red cell and plasma protein parameters were compared between groups. Results There were significantly higher mean corpuscular volume(fL:85.92± 4.50 vs 83.79±4.64,t=2.164,P<0.05), red cell distribution width(fL:13.50±2.45 vs 11.90±2.90,t=2.694,P<0.01), globu?lin(g/L:27.46±4.33 vs 24.79±4.03,t=3.029,P<0.01)and lower albumin(g/L:39.00±3.86 vs 42.89±4.45,t=4.242,P<0.01)in progressive stroke group than those of complete stroke group. The elevated red cell distribution width, reduced albu?min were the risk factors of progressive stroke. In the short-term unfavorable prognosis group, red cell distribution width was significantly higher than that in short-term favorable prognosis group(fL:13.90 ± 2.45 vs 12.00 ± 2.12,t=2.905,P<0.01). The red cell distribution width was positively correlated with mRS scores assessed 3 months and 18 months after cerebral in?farction(P<0.01). Conclusion Progressive stroke rate increases in cerebral infarction patients with elevated red cell distri?bution and reduced albumin;Red cell distribution width has a certain reference value for forecasting the prognosis of cere?bral infarction .

Objective To investigate the characteristics and distribution of class teaching skill points in state high quality course pathology using Flanders interaction analysis system to analyze the teaching video of pathology course.Methods Teaching videos of state high quality course (pathology course) between 2006 and 2012 were analyzed by Flanders interaction analysis system.Frequencies of using teaching skill,presentation skill and interaction skill were statistically analyzed.Results The study found that frequencies of using teaching skill points in pathology course were decreased in the following order:presentation skill (53.94％),interaction skill (26.64％) and teaching skill (19.42％).Sensory focusing was most commonly used in presentation skill.Monitoring and expressing concern were most commonly used in interaction skill.Gestures and cases were most commonly used in teaching skill.Conclusions Teachers in pathology teaching should correctly handle the relationship among the presentation,interaction and teaching skills according to the teaching objectives and teaching content.

Objective To establish a TaqMan real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR to detect Vibrio vulnificus based on hemolysin gene(vvhA)that coding cytolysin.Method By using software Primer Express, the PCR primers and TaqMan probe,which located in the conserved region of vvhA gene sequence,were designed for establishment of a TaqMan real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR to detect 100 bp amplicon from V.vulnificus DNA.A recombinant plasmid pMD19-vvhA100 as a positive control during detection was constructed using gene cloning technique.Minimal amplification cycles(Ct value)and fluorescence intensity enhancement (△Rn value)were used as observing index to optimize the reaction conditions of the TaqMan real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR.The DNAs with different concentrations from V.vulnificus and other eight bacteria and pMD19- vvhA100 were applied as templates to determine the specificity,sensitivity and reappearance of the TaqMan real- time fluorescent quantitative PCR.ICR mice were intraperitoneally,subcutaneously and orally infected with V. vulnificus,respectively.The detection effect of the TaqMan real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR was measured using the specimens of peripheral blood,subcutaneous tissue and intestinal content collected from the infected mice.Results The established TaqMan real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR showed positive results only for V. vulnificus DNA and pMD19-vvhA100.The detection effectiveness of the TaqMan real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR was as high as 0.01 ng of V.vulnificus DNA or 103 copies of pMD19-vvhA100.The SD values of the detection results repeated for three times using pMD19-vvhA100 with different concentrations were lease than 0.79. The detection results of TaqMan real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR were positive for all the specimens of peripheral blood and subcutaneous tissue.Conclusions The TaqMan real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR established in this study for V.vulnificus vvhA gene detection has advantages such as quickness,stability, sensitivity and specificity,indicating this method can be used for clinical laboratory diagnosis of septicemia and wound infection caused by V.vulnificus.

OBJECTIVE: To test the technical parameters of GlobalFiler® PCR Amplification Kit for its application to forensic application value and to investigate the genetic polymorphisms. METHODS: The validation was conducted in sensitivity, mixed samples, species specificity, adaptability, survivability, consistency, peak height balance and stability. The amplification and detection of the genomic DNA from 373 unrelated individuals from Beijing Han nationality were extracted by automation workstation. RESULTS: Global-Filer® PCR Amplification Kit was adaptive to some mixed, degraded and inhibited samples. The power of sensitivity and adaptability and peak height balance showed well. The distributions of genotype frequencies for 21 STR loci in the population were all in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P > 0.05). The PIC value of the 21 STR loci was among 0.536 to 0.940; the H value was among 0.558 to 0.933; the DP value was among 0.783 to 0.992; the PE value was among 0.243 to 0.874. CONCLUSION GlobalFiler® PCR Amplification Kit is suitable for criminal cases and DNA database in forensic practice. And 21 STR loci in Beijing Han nationality have high polymorphism, which have application value in forensic practice and population genetics.
Asian People/genetics* ; Beijing ; Databases, Nucleic Acid ; Ethnicity ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Loci/genetics* ; Genetics, Population ; Genotype ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction/standards* ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Reproducibility of Results ; Species Specificity

Objective: To analyze the mortality trend of bladder cancer among residents in Qidong, Jiangsu Province from 1972 to 2016, so as to provide the basis for the prevention and treatment strategy of bladder cancer in Qidong. Methods: The data of bladder cancer was collected from Qidong Cancer Registry.The crude mortality rate ( CR ), age-standardized rate by Chinese population in 2000 (CASR) and world population in 1960 ( WASR ), truncated rate (35-64 years) and cumulative rate ( 0-74 years ) were calculated. The annual percent change ( APC ) was used to analyze the trend of mortality in bladder cancer. Results: During from 1972 to 2016, There were 1 497 deaths due to bladder cancer in Qidong from 1972 to 2016. The CR, CASR and WASR were 2.96/105, 1.83/105 and 1.80/105, respectively. The APCs in CR, CASR, WASR of bladder cancer were 5.29%, 1.86% and 1.81%, respectively ( P<0.05 ), showing upward trends. The truncated rate, cumulative rate and cumulative risk were 1.47/105, 0.17% and 0.17%, respectively. The CR, CASR and WASR in males were 4.71/105, 2.97/105 and 3.31/105, respectively, which was higher than that of 1.26/105, 0.75/105, and 0.66/105 in females ( P<0.05 ). The APC of CR, CASR and WASR in males were 5.71%, 1.96% and 2.17%, respectively ( P<0.05 ), all showed upward trends. For females, the APC of CR was 4.47% ( P<0.05 ), showing an upward trend, but there was no significant change in CASR and WASR ( P>0.05 ). The CR of bladder cancer was high among people aged more than 55 years. The CR in 55-64-year-old group, 65-74-year-old group and more than 75-year-old group showed upward trends, with APC of 4.50%, 2.22% and 4.51%, respectively ( P<0.05 ). Conclusions From 1972 to 2016, the mortality of bladder cancer in Qidong showed an upward trend, which was relatively high in men and people aged over 55 years.

OBJECTIVETo compare the clinical effects of the circumcision stapler, circumcision cerclage, and traditional circumcision in the treatment of phimosis and redundant prepuce.

METHODSUsing the circumcision stapler (group A), foreskin cerclage (group B), and traditional circumcision (group C), we treated 276 patients with phimosis or redundant prepuce. We made comparisons among the three groups in the operation time, intraoperative blood loss, intraoperative and 24-hour postoperative pain scores, and incidence of postoperative complications. Results: The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and intraoperative pain score were (6.52 ± 2.45) min, (1.93 ± 0.82) ml, and 1.37 ± 0.68 in group A and (7.24 ± 1.86) min, (1.51 ± 0.72) ml, and 1.20 ± 0.79 in group B, all significantly lower than (28. 36 ± 4.22) min, (9.52 ± 3.29) ml, and 3.06 ± 0.75 in group C (P <0.05). The 24-hour postoperative pain score was remarkably higher in group B than in A and C (3. 18 ± 0. 82 vs 1. 85 ± 0. 63 and 1. 82 ± 0. 75, P <0. 05). The incidence rate of postoperative complications was markedly lower in group A than in B (5. 43% vs 14. 13%, P < 0.05), but with no significant differences between either A and C or B and C (P >0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe circumcision stapler, with its advantages of simple operation, minimal invasiveness, fewer complications, and better cosmetic result, deserves a wider clinical application.

Blood Loss, Surgical ; Circumcision, Male ; adverse effects ; instrumentation ; methods ; Foreskin ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Pain Measurement ; Pain, Postoperative ; diagnosis ; Penis ; abnormalities ; Phimosis ; therapy ; Postoperative Complications ; Postoperative Period

Objective To investigate curative effects of hypothermia on the secondary axotomy of nondisruptive axonal injury (NDAI) after diffuse brain injury (DBI).Methods A total of 16 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly and equally divided into hypothermia group (at 32℃ for 6 hours) and control group (at 37.5℃ ).The axonal swelling and axonal balls were detected by means of NF68kD immunochemistry after DBI caused by fluid percussion.The changes of maximal density of axonal swelling and axonal balls in callosum,diencephalon-mesencephalon,pons-oblongata and cerebellum were compared 24 and 72 hours after injury between both groups.Results NF68kD immunochemistry well showed axonal swellings and axonal balls in whole brain.The axonal swelling and axonal balls were significantly decreased 24 hours after DBI in both groups (P<0.05),especially in diencephalon-mesencephalon ,pons-oblongata and cerebellum (P<0.01).While there showed significant decrease of axonal swellings and axonal balls in pons-oblongata and cerebellum in hypothermia group 72 hours after DBI (P<0.05,P<0.01) but insignificant changes in the callosum and the diencephalon-mesencephalon compared with control group (P>0.05 ).Conclusions Hypothermia can retard the progress of mild or severe NDAI at early stage,which would taper with the longer time after injury except for partial mild NDAI.Hypothermia may prevent mild NDAI from secondary axotomy.

Objective To explore whether paraquat (PQ) can induce the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in human peripheral blood.Methods Neutrophils were isolated from healthy human peripheral blood,and the cells were identified by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) strain.The cells were treated with different concentrations of PQ [0 (as control),200,400,600,800,1 000 and 1 200 μmol/L],and the cell viability was measured by cell proliferation and CCK-8 cytotoxicity detection kit,and the median lethal concentration of PQ was selected.The cells were treated with the median lethal concentration of PQ (PQ poisoning group),and the untreated cells were served as the control.Immunofluorescence staining was adopted to evaluate NETs formation.PicoGreen dye was used to determine the quantitative content of circulating free DNA.Western Blot was used to determine the expressions of citrullinated histone 3(H3Cit) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in the supernatant.Results The purity of neutrophils was about 95％ by HE staining.The cells were treated with different concentrations of PQ,and the result showed that the viability of cells was (58 ± 2)％ with 800 μmol/L PQ for treatment.The immunofluorescence showed that there were few expressions of H3Cit and MPO in neutrophils in the control group,and there was no NETs formation,which was composed of DNA,H3Cit and MPO.Compared with the control group,a large amount of NETs was generated from neutrophils stimulated by 800 μmol/L of PQ.Meanwhile,quantitative result showed that the content of cell free DNA in the supernatant was significantly increased in PQ poisoning group as compared with that of control group (μg/L:2 235 ± 462 vs.561 ± 87,P ＜ 0.01).The protein expressions of H3Cit and MPO in the supernatant were also significantly increased as compared with those of control group [H3Cit protein expression (gray value):0.23 ± 0.03 vs.0.11 ± 0.01,MPO protein expression (gray value):0.47 ± 0.05 vs.0.21 ± 0.04,both P ＜ 0.05].Conclusion 800 μmol/L of PQ can induce the formation of NETs in human peripheral blood.

Objective To study the clinical significance of antinuclear antibody (ANA),anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO-Ab) and antithyroglobulin antibody (Tg-Ab),thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH),free triiodothyronine (FT3),free thyroxine (FT4) in patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA).Methods 46 women with RSA diagnosis in out patient department in Peking University Shenzhen Hospital from March 2015 to December 2016 were recruited as the study group,20 women with normal childbirth history were enrolled as the control group,ANA was detected by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) assay and ELISA,TSH,FT3 and FT4 were detected by chemiluminescence immunoassay technology.Results The positive rates of ANA(IIF),TPO-Ab and Tg-Ab in patients with RSA were 24％,24％ and 15％ respectively which were significantly higher than those in healthy control (P＜0.05).Serum levels of TSH,TPO-Ab and Tg-Ab in patients with RSA were 2.70 ± 1.38 mIU/L,38.99 ± 10.18 IU/ml and 3.07 ± 1.69 IU/ml respectively,which were significantly higher than those in healthy cases (P＜0.05).Conclusion ANA and antithyroid antibodies were closely related with RSA.It is very important to screen ANA and antithyroid antibodies for etiological diagnosis and appropriate intervention in patients with RSA to reduce the incidence of abortion.