OBJECTIVETo observe the role and mechanism of CO-releasing molecule (CORM)-2 in lung injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion (IR) of hind limbs in rats.

METHODSA rat model of lung injury induced by IR of hind limbs was established. A total of 40 Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (n equal to 8): sham, sham + CORM-2, IR, IR + CORM-2 and IR + dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Rats in the IR group received hind limb ischemia for 2 hours and reperfusion for 2 hours, rats in the sham group underwent sham surgery without infrarenal aorta occlusion, rats in the IR+CORM-2 group and in the sham + CORM-2 group were given CORM-2 (10 micromol/kg intravenous bolus) 5 minutes before reperfusion or at the corresponding time points, while rats in the IR + DMSO group was treated with the same dose of vehicle (DMSO) at the same time. The lung tissue structure, polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) count, wet-to-dry weight ratio (W/D), malondialdehyde (MDA) content, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression,IkBa degradation and nuclear factor (NF)-kB activity in the lungs were assessed.

RESULTSAs compared with the sham group, lung PMNs number, W/D, MDA content, MPO activity, ICAM-1 expression and NF-kB activity significantly increased in the IR group, but the level of IkBa decresed (P less than 0.01). Compared with the IR group, lung PMNs number, W/D, MDA content, MPO activity and ICAM-1 expression significantly decreased in the IR+COMR-2 group (P less than 0.01), while the level of IkBa increased.

CONCLUSIONSThese data demonstrate that CORM-2 attenuates limb IR-induced lung injury through inhibiting ICAM-1 protein expression, NF-kB pathway and the leukocytes sequestration in the lungs following limb IR in rats, suggesting that CORM-2 may be used as a therapeutic agent against lung injury induced by limb IR.

Animals ; Hindlimb ; blood supply ; Immunohistochemistry ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; metabolism ; Lung Injury ; etiology ; metabolism ; Male ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Neutrophils ; metabolism ; Organometallic Compounds ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Reperfusion Injury ; complications

OBJECTIVETo investigate the diagnostic methods and reasonable treatment of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS).

METHODSClinical data of six patients with PJS were reviewed.

RESULTSRepeated abdominal pain, intussusception and intestinal polyp with bleeding were main manifestations. Four patients father,three patients grandfather and one patients mother were diagnosed with PJS. Three patients had family history of cancer. Case 4 and case 5 underwent laparotomy for many times because of intussusceptions caused by polyps or recurrent abdominal pain. Case 1 and case 4 had polyps synchronous with adenoma, and case 2 had polyp with gastric cancer. Main treatment included polyp resection and partial small intestinal and colon resection.

CONCLUSIONSPatients with PJS have family history of cancer and a high incidence of polyp recurrence of small intestine. Surgical intervention is the first choice regimen. Surveillance should be emphasized on gastrointestinal tract and other potential malignant organs in PJS patients.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Intestine, Small ; surgery ; Male ; Pedigree ; Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome ; diagnosis ; genetics ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo investigate SiO2-induced EMT in human bronchial epithelial cells HBE in vitro.

METHODSHBE cells were cultured and then stimulated with indicated doses of SiO2 (0, 50, 100, 200, 300 µg/ml). The morphological changes were observed by microscope. In addition, Western blot was per-formed to detect the expression of E-cad, α-SMA and Vim. The changes of migration ability were examined by wound-healing assay in vitro.

RESULTS(1) After exposure to SiO2, HBE cells lost contact with their neighbor and displayed a spindle-shape, fibroblast-like morphology. (2) Compared with the control, the E-cad (300 µg/ml group) expression downregulated 2.98 fold (P < 0.05), and the Vim (300 µg/ml group) and α-SMA (200 µg/ml group) expression upregulated 4.46 fold and 3.55 fold (P < 0.05). There were significant differences between 100, 200, 300 µg/ml groups and the control group (P < 0.05). (3) In the test group, the percentage of wound-healing areas/wound areas were larger than those in control group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSSiO2 could induce EMT in human bronchial epithelial cells.

Bronchi ; cytology ; Cells, Cultured ; Epithelial Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ; drug effects ; Humans ; Silicon Dioxide ; adverse effects ; Stromal Cells ; cytology ; drug effects

Objective To study the effect of clarithromycin on the phar-macokinetics of bicalutamide in rabbits .Methods Six New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into control group and test group , with 3 rabbits in each group.The control group was given bicalutamide 50 mg by gavage.The test group was given bicalutamide 50 mg +cla-rithromycin 250 mg by gavage , and blood samples were collected at di-fferent time points.After 3 weeks, a crossover test was performed.Bi-calutamide plasma concentration was detected by HPLC .The pharmacoki-netic parameters of bicalutamide were calculated using DAS 2.0 softwareand statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 20.0 software.Results The AUC0-∞of the test and control groups were ( 217.57 ±60.74 ) and (175.39 ±16.64) mg· L-1· h, MRT0-∞were ( 65.76 ±4.81 ) and (62.82 ±3.09)h, t1/2were (53.14 ±9.02) and (48.67 ±5.51) h, Cmax were ( 3.47 ±1.14 ) and ( 2.85 ±0.34 ) mg · L-1, CL/F were (0.24 ±0.05)and (0.29 ±0.03)L· h-1.AUC0-∞, t1/2, and Cmaxwere not statistically different (all P>0.05).MRT0-∞and CL/F were statistically significant (all P<0.05).Conclusion Clarithromycin reduces the clearance rate of bicalutamide in rabbits and prolongs the average residence time.

Objective To investigate the anti-inflammatory effects on the vessel wall of rosuvastatin chow diet were treated with vehicle or various doses of rosuvagtatin(1,5,or 20 ms/kg)by subcutaneous injection for 2 or 6 weeks prior to sacrifice.Endothelial adhesiveness for monocytcs was determined by functional binding assay.The expressions of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 in the vessel wall were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.Results Endothelial adhesiveness for monocytes was significantly attenuated after 2 or 6 weeks treatments with 5 or 20 mg/kg rosuvaatatin.Rosuvastatin also significantly reduced the expressions of vescular cell adhesion moIecule-1 and monocyte chemotactie protein-1 in the vessel wall Conclusion The anti-inflammatory effects of suvagtatin might be responsible for attenuating the pathogenesis of atherogenesis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice.

Objective To explore the application of the involvement of micro-guide wire in the peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) ectopic reset.Methods Totals of 74 patients with PICC ectopic were divided into experimental group and control group,and each group included 37 cases.The experimental group reset ectopie PICC through placing micro-guide wire under the guidance of digital subtraction angiography,while control group adjusted patient position and sent catheter according to conventional methods.The success rate of a reset,the operating time,the incidence of mechanical phlebitis were observed.Results The success rate of a reset in experimental group and control group were 100％ and 83.88％,respectively.The operation time during reset procedure were 4 min and 5 min in experimental and control group,respectively.Regarding the incidence of mechanical phlebitis due to reset,2.7％ in experimental group and 21.62％ in control group,there were statistical differences in three observational indexes( x2 =6.529,7.400,respectively;Z =-1.989;P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜0.01 ).Conclusions The involvement of micro-guide wire in the PICC ectopic adjustment can reduce the incidence of mechanical phlebitis and have a high reduction ratio.

OBJECTIVETo study the role of cerebrovascular hemodynamic indexes (CVHI) changing in stroke and to provide reference for stroke prevention and risk factor study.

METHODSFrom 2003 to 2004, participants aged 40 years and above in two communities in Fengxian district were recruited by cluster sampling. Risk factors of stroke and CVHI were investigated and checked during baseline investigation. A total of 10 565 individuals completed the survey and met the inclusion criterion. After baseline investigation, the cohort was followed up for stroke occurrence. Relative risk (RR) of CVHI and common risk factors were estimated by cohort study design.

RESULTSAge of the cohort was (56.2 ± 11.4) years. 4444 (42.1%) were males and 6121 (57.9%) were females. Total follow-up duration was 67 885.7 person-years. A total of 195 stroke cases occurred and incidence density of stroke was 287.2 per 100 000 person-years. Stroke incidence in exposure groups of hypertension, heart disease and alcohol drinking was 3.47% (108/3118), 2.96% (21/710) and 2.50% (47/1882), respectively. The incidence in corresponding non-exposure group was 1.17% (87/7448), 1.77% (174/9855) and 1.70% (148/8683) respectively. There was significant difference between 2 groups (χ(2) value was 62.72, 4.56 and 4.94, respectively, P < 0.05). Stroke incidence in CVHI score < 25, 25 - 49, 50 - 74 and ≥ 75 groups was 9.12% (59/647), 5.68% (44/775), 2.52% (39/1545) and 0.72% (53/7403)(χ(2)trend = 273.57, P < 0.05), respectively. Incidence of stroke in 40 - 49, 50 - 59, 60 - 69, ≥ 70 years age group was 0.22% (8/3565), 1.28% (43/3357), 2.71% (50/1848) and 5.88% (94/1600) (χ(2)trend = 181.48, P < 0.05), respectively. Multiple Cox regression analysis indicated that RR (95%CI) value of hypertension and cigarette smoking was 1.40(1.02 - 1.92) and 1.59(1.19 - 2.12), respectively when comparing with non-exposure group. RR (95%CI) value in CVHI score < 25, 25 - 49 and 50 - 74 points group were 6.15 (4.08 - 9.26), 4.55 (2.98 - 6.96) and 2.68 (1.75 - 4.09), respectively when comparing with the score ≥ 75 points group. RR (95%CI) value in age 50 - 59, 60 - 69 and ≥ 70 years group was 4.61 (2.16 - 9.82), 7.81 (3.67 - 16.60) and 13.49(6.44 - 28.24), respectively when comparing with below 40 years group.

CONCLUSIONCVHI score is the strong independent predictive factor and hypertension, cigarette smoking and age are the independent risk factors of stroke.

Aged ; Brain ; physiopathology ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Risk Factors ; Stroke ; epidemiology ; etiology ; physiopathology

In order to confirm the reasonability of designed recombinant exotoxin B7-1-Linker-PE40 and B7-2-Linker-PE40, their molecular biology characteristics, such as flexibility, antigenicity, hydrophilicity, epitope and secondary structure, were predicted by using a computer software GOLDKEY. It had been found that the recombinant fusion exotoxin had kept the epitope characterstics of B7-1, B7-2 and PE40, and had not got new epitope, and the antigenicity in flexible linker was extxemely low. The linker inserted in the recombinant fusion exotoxin had low epitope, low antigenicity and high flexibility. Compared to B7-1, B7-2 and PE40, there are several amino acid residues changes in B7-1-Linker-PE40 and B7-2-Linker-PE40, respectively, which might have some effect on secondary structure of the recombinant fusion exotoxins. Western blot analysis revealed that both B7-1-Linker-PE40 and B7-2-Linker-PE40 could bind specifically with antibodies against B7-1, B7-2 and PE40, respectively. The result of Western blot was consistant with the computer prediction that the recombinant proteins retain the antigenicity and spacial structure of B7 and PE40. It is suggested that both fusion proteins designed and constructed were resonable and computer analysis would be helpful for us to study the biological activity of the recombinant fusion exotoxin B7-1-Linker-PE40 and B7-2-Linker-PE40 and construct other recombinant proteins further.

OBJECTIVETo investigate device implanted complications and corresponding therapeutic strategies of Coflex interspinous dynamic stabilization system for lumbar spine intraoperatively and postoperatively.

METHODSFrom September 2008 to August 2010, 133 cases of degenerative disease of lumbar spine including 62 males and 71 females, ranging from 35 to 81 years of age (mean 60.8 years), underwent or planed to be underwent decompression with Coflex interspinous dynamic stabilization system were reviewed retrospectively, and 13 cases including 6 males and 7 females, ranging from 41 to 71 years of age (mean 58.6 years), occurred device implanted complications. The Coflex implanted complications were analyzed, and therapeutic strategies according to different character were carried out, scores of visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry disability index(ODI) and effect-related data preoperatively, postoperatively, after conservative treatment and in final follow-up were evaluated with paired-samples t test.

RESULTSThirteen cases of Coflex implanted complications and treatment applied included: 3 cases occurred fracture of spinous processes intraoperatively were treated by pedicle screws instead; 2 cases occurred fracture of spinous processes postoperatively or during follow-up, including 1 case underwent revision with pedicle screws, another 1 case treated with conservative treatment; 4 cases with degenerative coronal spondylolysis in surgical segments, 1 case with sagittal instability preoperatively, and 1 case with device dislodgment in follow-up all suffered aggravated pain and received conservative treatment; 1 case suffered implanted malposition intraoperatively was underwent internal fixation with pedicle screws instead; at length, 1 case with aggravated pain postoperatively and without definite reason received revision with internal fixation of pedicle screws demolishing the Coflex. The follow-up time of 13 cases ranged from 20 to 38 months (mean 27.6 months); and 7 cases implanted Coflex with aggravated pain of lumbar and lower limb, but the position of device can still maintained, were received conservative treatment, and whose score of VAS and ODI in the final follow-up were 1.9 ± 0.7 and 23.2 ± 3.4, and comparing to 6.1 ± 1.1 and 58.1 ± 3.0 preoperatively, evident improvement was got finally (t = 8.2 and 18.2, P < 0.01). Scores of VAS and ODI of 2 cases with Coflex implanted complications underwent revision with pedicle screws were also improved correspondingly.

CONCLUSIONSCoflex interspinous dynamic stabilization system implanted should be avoided to cases who suffered with osteoporosis, too narrow interspinous space and intervertebral coronal spondylolysis or sagittal instability; and choice of device, depth of implantation and intensity of clumping should be appropriate. For patients with symptom but device still in right position, conservative treatment can be carried out; but for patients subjected to malposition of device, failure of implantation intraoperatively or intolerance to device, revisions and salvages should be underwent with internal fixation of pedicle screws.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Internal Fixators ; adverse effects ; Intervertebral Disc Degeneration ; surgery ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Fusion ; adverse effects ; instrumentation ; methods ; Treatment Outcome

BACKGROUNDTo determine if the attenuated Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus SA14-14-2 vaccine strain interacts efficiently with Culex tritaeniorhynchus and Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus, and further to acquire a new knowledge of its characteristics and safety for human beings.

METHODSLaboratory colonies of the two species of mosquitoes were set up and were inoculated intrathoracically with the attenuated vaccine virus and wild JE virus (Nak), both of which were used with different dilution from 10(-1) to 10(-9). Subsequently, the virus titers in the mosquitoes were detected by the plaque assay.

RESULTSInoculated with the vaccine strain, two species of mosquitoes were infected with the titers ranged from 10(0)-10(-3), and the maximum titers in Culex tritaeniorhynchus and Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus were 4.48 logPFU/ml and 5.63 logPFU/ml, respectively. Inoculated with wild JE virus, Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus was infected with titers ranged from 10(0)-10(-5), and the maximum titer in the mosquitoes was 6.59; Culex tritaeniorhynchus was infected with titers ranged from 10(0)-10(-4) and the maximum titer was 5.74 logPFU/ml.

CONCLUSIONBy intrathoracic infection, the attenuated JE virus SA14-14-2 vaccine strain can replicate in both species of mosquitoes.

Animals ; Culex ; classification ; virology ; Encephalitis Virus, Japanese ; genetics ; growth & development ; immunology ; Encephalitis, Japanese ; virology ; Humans ; Insect Vectors ; virology ; Japanese Encephalitis Vaccines ; immunology ; Species Specificity ; Vaccines, Attenuated ; immunology ; Viral Plaque Assay