Drug-Eluting Stents ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Thrombosis ; etiology

Adult ; Blood Donors ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Genotype ; HIV Infections ; complications ; epidemiology ; virology ; Hepacivirus ; genetics ; Hepatitis C ; complications ; epidemiology ; virology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

Objective To evaluate the effects of PCR melting curve analysis assay on a rapid screening program regarding the resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) clinical isolates to streptomycin and ethambutol.Methods A total of 331 clinical isolates of MTB had been collected since 2007-2009 in Shenzhen.Mutations at codon 306,378-380,406 and 497 of embB gene,codon 43,88 of rpsL gene,and 513-517,905-908 region of rrs gene were detected by PCR melting curve analysis.Results were compared with that of conventional drug susceptibility test.Results Compared to drug susceptibility test,sensitivity,specificity and accuracy for streptomycin resistance were 78.6％,90.1％ and 86.7％,respectively while 83.0％,93.3％ and 91.8％,respectively for ethambutol resistance detected by PCR melting curve analysis.PCR melting curve method was in good agreement with drug susceptibility test.Conclusion PCR melting curve analysis on genetic regions associated with resistance to streptomycin and ethambutol seemed to be a rapid,specific and closed-tube method so it could be used for detection oftreptomycin and ethambutol resistance in MTB.

OBJECTIVETo carry out expert survey for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome characteristics of different clinical types of coronary artery disease (CAD).

METHODSBy using Delphi method, we carried out two rounds of nationwide expert surveys for modern TCM characteristics of syndrome elements and syndrome types of CAD.

RESULTSBased on expert consensus, qi deficiency, blood stasis, phlegm turbidity, qi deficiency blood stasis, and intermingled phlegm and blood stasis are common TCM syndromes for different clinical types of CAD. Of them, qi stagnation, blood stasis, phlegm turbidity, heat accumulation, cold coagulation, yang deficiency, deficiency of both qi and yang were more often seen in patients with unstable angina than in those with stable angina. Qi deficiency, yin deficiency, and deficiency of both qi and yin were less seen. We could see more excess syndrome and less deficiency syndrome (such as qi deficiency, yin deficiency, etc.) in acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) than acute non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). Qi deficiency, blood stasis, water retention, yang deficiency, phlegm turbidity, yin deficiency, Xin-qi deficiency, and qi deficiency blood stasis induced water retention are the most common TCM syndrome types of CAD heart failure (HF). Blood deficiency, yin deficiency, heat accumulation, deficiency of both Xin and Pi, deficiency of both qi and blood, deficiency of both qi and yin, yin deficiency and fire hyperactivity were more often seen in CAD arrhythmias.

CONCLUSIONSTCM syndrome distributions of different clinical types of CAD have common laws and individual characteristics. Results based on the expert consensus supplied evidence and support for clinical diagnosis and treatment of CAD.

Angina Pectoris ; Angina, Unstable ; China ; Coronary Artery Disease ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Coronary Disease ; diagnosis ; Data Collection ; Heart Failure ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Qi ; Syndrome ; Yang Deficiency ; diagnosis ; Yin Deficiency ; diagnosis

Objective To study clinical data of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) induced by left main (LM) artery occlusion,and to find out the clinical characteristics.Method From Janurany 1995 to May 2006,there were 15 patients with AMI related with LM obstruction from 1793 AMI patients,in whom primary PCls were performed.All patients were male with a mean age of (60.6?10.4) years old (ranging from 43 to 85 years old).The clinical and interventional data were retrospectively analyzed.Results Cardiogenic shock occurred in 10 patients at admission.Primary PCls were performed with intraaortic balloon pump (IABP) in all patients.Nine patients died during short follow-up,and the mortality was 60%.Three-month follow-up was made in the all survival patients,and one patient died after 4 years.Analysis showed good collateral circulation flow from right coronary artery to left coronary artery before operation affected the short-term prognosis.Conclusions AMI related with left main artery obstruction was critically fatal with high occurrence of cardiogenic shock and high mortality.Prognosis differs at,cording to different degree of collateral circulation.Primary PCI with IABP provides a promising strategy to improve clinical outcomes.

Objective To investigate the distribution of water fluoride and the present status of water- improving delluoridation projects in the endemic fluorosis areas in Gansu Province. Methods According to "The National Technical Scheme for Endemic Disease Control in 2004" for the water improving projects, water fluoride content was determined from fluorosis villages in 34 counties of 11 cities in Gansu Province. The fluoride content in drinking water was assessed by F-ion selective electrode. Results Water fluoride content was determined in 1576 fluorosis villages of 34 counties. Water fluoride content of 7829 water samples was determined, and the fluoride content of 1891 samples was over standard. Water fluoride content was ≤ 1.00 mg/L(accounting for 75.19%) in 1185 villages and 1.00 mg/L(accounting for 24.81%) in 391 villages; the highest water fluoride content was 6.78 mg/L Nine hundred and ninety three water-improving and defluoridation projects were determined. Water fluoride content of 867 water-improving and defluoridation projects was determined; 768 projects had water fluoride content ≤1.00 mg/L(accounting for 87.67%) and water fluoride content of 108 projects was 1.00 mg/L(accounting for 12.33%),with the highest water fluoride content being 5.27 mg/L. Water-improving and delluoridation projects mostly relied on drilling a well to obtain under-grand water. Abandoned projects accounted for 30%. Conclusions In 34 counties of 11 cites(prefecture), nearly 30% of the villages had water fluoride content exceeding the standard. The situation of endemic fluorosis control is still serious in Gausu Province, countermeasures for endemic fluorosis must be carried out as soon as possible and surveillance of water-improving and defluoridation projects must be strengthened.

Objective To master the status in control of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) in Gansu province and to provide the basis for development of control strategies. Methods One county which reached the national standardization of IDD elimination was selected randomly from each of 14 cities of Gansu province in 2009, then one town was selected respectively from five directions (east, south, west, north, and central) of the above selected counties. One village was chosen from every town which was selected for investigating household iodized salt and iodized salt sales network. At the same time the thyroid of children was examined, their urinary iodine (UI) was determined, the intelligence quotient(IQ) values of children were measured and health education was surveyed in one primary school which was chosen in each of the selected town. Results A total of 1420 edible salt samples were tested;the weighted iodized salt coverage rate and the weighted qualified iodized salt rate were 99.53% and 98.15 respectively. Urine samples were collected from 1761 children included in the study. The urinary iodine median was 225.87 μg/L. The urinary iodine medians were at optimal levels in five counties, over the optimal levels in seven counties and at excessive levels in two counties. A total of 3051 children aged 8 - 10 were randomly selected for thyroid examination. The weighted thyroid goiter rate(TGR) of children was 1.9%, and TGR was higher than 5% only in Hoaggu county. IQ of 2815 children was tested and the mean IQ was 105.3, except for the country of Zhuoni and Kangle, the mean IQ of other counties were over 100. The average score of health education was 3.2.Children of 57.08% (1229/2153) knew that iodine deficiency could lead to mental retardation, 71.76% (1544/2153) knew that iodine deficiency could cause thyroid goiter, 68.04%( 1465/2153 ) knew that eating iodized salt was the best method for IDD prevention and control and 61.82%(1331/2153) informed their families of the benefits of eating iodized salt. Each town had one agency selling iodized salt and each village had one more retail store with iodized salt, but 73.5%(75/102) of the stores without license for the sales. Conclusions Great progress has been made on the prevention and control of IDD in Gansu province. The qualified iodized salt consumption rate has reached the national standard for IDD elimination, TGR has decreased markedly, the urinary iodine levels in more counties are over the optimal levels and iodized salt distribution network is basically sound. But progress in health education is uneven.

Objective To explore the effect of retinoblastoma binding protein 2 (RBP-2), a histone H3K4 demethylase, on osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stromal cell(hASC).Methods According to the GenBank sequence information of RBP-2, four different small interfering RNAs (siRNA) targeting RBP-2 gene were designed and the corresponding short hairpin RNAs (shRNA) were cloned into pLL 3.7 lentivirus RNA interference vector. The lentivirus with RBP-2-siRNA was packaged in 293T cells. The effective sequence was examined and selected by Western blotting and real-time PCR. The lentiviruses with efficient knockdown effects were used to infect hASC. On the 14th day after osteogenic differentiation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities of hASC were quantitatively tested and at the same time, ALP staining and alizarin red staining were performed to assess the difference of osteogenic differentiation between the knockdown group and the control group. Results The recombinant lentivirus siRNA targeting RBP-2 was successfully constructed and the expression of RBP-2 mRNA and protein were dramatically suppressed by infection with RBP-2-siRNA lentivirus. On the 14th day after osteogenic induction, ALP activity of hASC in the knockdown group[(299.2 ±22.7), (224.3± 17.7) U/g]was much stronger than that in the control group[( 129.9 ± 12.9) U/g, P ＜ 0. 05]and the same result was achieved for the ALP staining and alizarin red staining. Conclusions The constructed RBP-2-siRNA lentivirus could markedly decrease the expression of RBP-2 and promote osteogenic differentiation of hASC.It indicated that RBP-2 can repress the osteogenic differentiation of hASC.

BACKGROUNDPrimary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the best treatment of choice for acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). This study aimed to determine the clinical outcomes of tirofiban combined with the low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), dalteparin, in primary PCI patients with acute STEMI.

METHODSFrom February 2006 to July 2006, a total of 120 patients with STEMI treated with primary PCI were randomised to 2 groups: unfractionated heparin (UFH) with tirofiban (group I: 60 patients, (61.2 ± 9.5) years), and dalteparin with tirofiban (group II: 60 patients, (60.5 ± 10.1) years). Major adverse cardiac events (MACE) during hospitalization and at 4 years after PCI were examined. Bleeding complications during hospitalization were also examined.

RESULTSThere were no significant differences in sex, mean age, risk factors, past history, inflammatory marker, or echocardiography between the 2 groups. In terms of the target vessel and vascular complexity, there were no significant differences between the 2 groups. During the first 7 days, emergent revascularization occurred only in 1 patient (1.7%) in group I. Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) occurred in 1 (1.7%) patient in group I and in 1 (1.7%) in group II. Three (5.0%) patients in group I and 1 (1.7%) in group II died. Total in-hospital MACE during the first 7 days was 4 (6.7%) in group I and 2 (3.3%) in group II. Bleeding complications were observed in 10 patients (16.7%) in group I and in 4 patients (6.7%) in group II, however, the difference was not statistically significant. No significant intracranial bleeding was observed in either group. Four years after PCI, death occurred in 5 (8.3%) patients in group I and in 4 (6.7%) in group II. MACE occurred in 12 (20.0%) patients in group I and in 10 (16.7%) patients in group II.

CONCLUSIONSDalteparin was effective and safe in primary PCI of STEMI patients and combined dalteparin with tirofiban was effective and safe without significant bleeding complications compared with UFH. Although there was no statistically significant difference, LMWH decreased the bleeding complications compared with UFH.

Aged ; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Anticoagulants ; therapeutic use ; Dalteparin ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Heparin ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction ; drug therapy ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Tyrosine ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect on early treatment with vacuum-assisted closure(VAC) to wound healing of acute explosion injury in pigs, and provide a new way for early treatment of battle wounds.

METHODSEight healthy 3-month Landrace pigs of both sexes with the body mass of (50 +/- 5) kg were selected in the study. Sixteen battle wounds were made by explosion of same type detonator (pattern number: 660929F48840-55, included DDNP 0.3 g, RDX 0.7 g) in hibateral skin of buttock of 8 pigs, which were divided into experimental group and control group (pair wounds of left and right). The raw sufaces were thorough debrided at 3 h after exposure, according to the characteristics of treatment on the battlefield, experimental group was treated with VAC under the pressure of (-50 +/- 5) Kpa after debridement and sterilization and control group was treated with routine dry sterile gauze draping. Results of bacteriology (bacterial counts and the proportion of G+ bacteria) and pathology (HE stain and Masson stain) were detected at every wound before and after treatment.

RESULTSAt the 3 days after treatment,the bacterial number in the experimental group was [(7.82 +/- 0.55) x 10(4) ] CFU/g, in control group was [(1.07 +/- 0.14) x 10(6)] CFU/g. There was significant difference between two groups. The proportion of G+ bacteria in experimental group was significantly increased. The raw surface in experimental group was clean with affluent and neoformative granulation tissue, blood vessels and collagen, necrotic tissue decreased obviously by pathological observation.

CONCLUSIONVAC could reduce the quantity of bacteria, improve the proportion of G+ bacteria, and promote the formation of granulation tissue and the healing of wound. The VAC for the treatment of battle wounds has a positive effect.

Animals ; Colony Count, Microbial ; Explosions ; Female ; Male ; Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy ; methods ; Soft Tissue Injuries ; etiology ; microbiology ; pathology ; surgery ; Staining and Labeling ; Swine ; Time Factors