ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of anatomic and non-anatomic liver resection on prognosisofpatientswithsmallhepatocellularcarcinoma( HCC ) usingaMeta-analysis.MethodsLiterature on anatomic versus non-anatomic liver resection for the treatment of small HCC ( ≤5 cm) was retrieved. ResultsFour nonrandomized controlled trials were included consisting of 776 patients:484 undergoing anatomic liver resection and 292 non-anatomic resection.The age ranged from 53.4 to 63.0 years.Male ∶ female ratio was 3.56 ∶ 1.87.1％ patients were Child-Pugh class A.Most patients (94.5％ ) had a single tumor.No significant differences were found conceming the 1,3,and 5 year disease-free survival rate between the two groups.There was no significant difference in overall survival and disease-free survival between the two groups at 1,3,and 5 years.Sensitivity analysis found anatomic resection was superior to non-anatomic resection in 3 year disease free survival rate (OR =0.72,95％ CI:0.52 - 0.99,P =0.04). ConclusionsAnatomic liver resection elevated the 3 year disease free survival rate of patients with small hepatocellular carcinoma when compared with non-anatomic hepatectomy but failed to further elevate long-term disease free survival and overall survival.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of itraconazole in prevention of invasive fungal infections in allogeneic hema-topoietic stem cell transplantion .Methods In this retrospective study ,110 patients receiving allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplants were administed itraconazole or fluconazole for prevention of fungal infection .The occurrence and prognosis of invasive fungal infection ,and the side effect of both pyrroles were observed .Results Proven and probable invasive fungal infections occurred in 5 of 69 itraconazole recipients(7 .2% ) and in 8 of 41 fluconazole recipients(19 .5% ) during the first 180 days after transplanta-tion ,the difference had statistical significance(P<0 .05) .The fatality rate related to fungal infection had no statistical difference be-tween the two groups(2 .9% vs .7 .3% ) .The occurrence of itraconazole adverse reactions were more than fluconazole (26 .9% vs . 7 .0% ) ,and both itraconazole and fluconazole were well tolerated .Conclusion Itraconazole significantly reduces the incidence of inva-sive fungal infection in the patients receiving allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplants ,and it is a effective and safe prophylaxis .

Objective To examine the changes of red blood cell levels in the obese and non-obese patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and its clinical significance. Methods 230 cases of coronary heart disease were selected and divided into the obese group and the nonobese group. Obesity and non-obesity were defined based on the body mass index (BMI I (Y) 28.0kg/m2), or waist-hip ratio (men> 0.9, women> 0.85). In addition, 130 healthy subjects were recruited as controls. The pathological status of coronary lesions was quantitatively analyzed according to the Coronary Vascular Image Segmentation Evaluation Criteria (American Heart Association 1984) and the Gensini scoring system. Results of the changes of both the hemoglobin levels and the red blood cell count in the obese group, the nonobese group with CHD and the control group were compared. Besides, Multivariant Logistic Regression Analysis was applied to assess the correlation between the red blood cells and the coronary artery disease. Results The red blood cell count and the level of hemoglobin in the obese group with CHD was higher than that in the non-obese group with CHD [(4.35 ± 0.55) and (4.13 ± 0.56) 109/L; (136.71 ± 15.87) and (129.96 ± 16.23) g/L, P < 0.05 in both]; the proportion of acute coronary syndrome in the obese group with CHD was higher in the obese group with CHD than that in the non-obese group with CHD (P<0.05); Multivariant logistic regression analysis also showed that the red blood cell count was positively correlated with obesity with CHD.Conclusion The red blood cell count and the level of hemoglobin in the obese group were higher than those in the non-obese group; the increase of red blood cell count and hemoglobin level is one of the independent risk factors for the obese patients with CHD.

Pseudomonas sp. TS1138 isolated from soil samples was able to form L-cysteine from DL-2-Amino-△2-Thia-zoline-4-Carboxylic Acid (DL-ATC) after cultured 16 hours . The optimum carbon and nitrogen soruces of strain growth and enzyme formation are glucose and urea. This enzyme was induced by DL-ATC. The product was identified to be L-Cysteine based on thin layer chromatography, optical rotation and HPLC studies.

Objective To investigate the protective effects of the 14-3-3 protein overexpression on the injury of PC12 cell induced by MPP~+ and its mechanisms.Methods For expression in mammalial cells, pcDNA3.1(+)-14-3-3 plasmid was constructed and transfeeted into PC12 cell with Lipofectamine~(TM)2000. The overexpression of transfected 14-3-3 gene in PC12 cell was determined by immunofluorescence and Western blotting.The effects of 14-3-3 overexpressing on the cells viability,apoptotie ratio and the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD)as well as glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)of PC 12 cell treated with MPP~+ were measured by MTT assay,flow cytometry analysis and microplate reader respectively.Results The expression of 14-3-3 protein in transfection group(1.19?0.06)increased evidently compared with control group(0.75?0.05).And the antioxidant enzyme activity assession,MTT assay and flow cytometry analysis shows that the overexpression of 14-3-3 protein elevates the activity of SOD(transfection group:(9.13? 0.41)U/mg protein,MPP~+ group:(6.45?0.52)U/mg protein)and GSH-Px(transfection group: (89.66?3.42)?mol/mg,protein MPP~+ group:(82.73?4.15)?mol/mg protein),increases the cell viability(transfection group:0.78?0.06,MPP~+ group:0.54?0.07),and inhibits cell apoptosis (transfeetion group:11.87%?3.26%,MPP~+ group:36.30%?2.39%)of PC12 induced by MPP~. Conclusion The overexpression of 14-3-3 protein could elevate the activity of antioxidant enzymes SOD and GSH-Px,reduce oxidant stress,alleviate MPP~+ toxicity,and thus inhibit the apoptosis of PC12 cell induced by MPP~+.

Objective To investigate effects of rectal cancer to undergo total mesorectal excision (TME)or three space dissection(TSD)with pelvic autonomic nerve preservation(PANP).Methods TME or/ and TSD was applied in 247 Patients with advanced rectal cancer in which 185 cases (74.9 %) underwent PANP(Group P)including TME-PANP(Group Pro)139 cases and TSD-PANP(Group Ps)46 cases.The other 62 cases underwent none-PANP(Group P-)due to tumor invasion.Results There were no death cases for operation inall patients.Group Pm was better than Group Ps in the operation time and the difficulty of proce- dure(P0.05).Conclusion The procedure with TME to preserve pelvic autonomic nerves adapts to the majority of rectal cancer patients.TSD procedure is more complex than TME.Statistically,the survival differ- ence between Patients with TSD and with TME is no defective.The survival time is determined to the tumor's earlier diagnosis and therapy.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the feasibility, maneuver and efficacy of plasma prostate electrovaporization system in the treatment of rectal cicatricial stenosis.

METHODSAccording to similar procedure of transurethral resection prostate(TURP), intrarectal cicatriclectomy was performed with plasma prostate electrovaporization system in 7 patients with rectal low cicatricial stenosis after rectal cancer treatment (5 patients with transabdominal low anterior resection,2 patients with 3-dimension precise radiotherapy) to remove obstruction and dilate enteric cavity.

RESULTSSeven patients underwent 12 operations, including one operation in 3 patients, two operations in 3 patients, 3 operations in one patient. Resected rectal cicatricial tissue ranged from 5 to 15 g. Mean operation time was 41 min (25 to 40). Operation successful rate was 100% without complications such as perforation, bleeding and infection. All the patients had smooth defecation.

CONCLUSIONPlasma prostate electrovaporization system is an effective treatment for rectal cicatricial stenosis with tiny trauma.

Aged ; Cicatrix ; complications ; Constriction, Pathologic ; etiology ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Rectal Diseases ; etiology ; pathology ; surgery ; Rectal Neoplasms ; surgery

Objective To explore the relationship between size,shape and function of the left atrium appendage (LAA) and its thrombosis in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) to provide evidence for clinical risk assessment,prognosis evaluation and treatment guidance.Method Length,diameter,end-diastolic volume (EDV) and ejection velocity (PEV) of LAA were measured in 41 patients with AF,and thrombus in LAA was detected by TEE.Results Thrombus in LAA was detected in seven of 41 patients of AF (17%).No significant difference in size and EDV was found between the patients with and without thrombus,but there was significant difference in PEV between them (P

OBJECTIVETo study the role of apelin in the prevention of pulmonary hypertension induced by hypoxia in rats.

METHODSThe animal model of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension was established by exposing the rats to isobaric hypoxic chamber for 4 weeks (8 h/d, 6 d/ w). Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group (NC), hypoxic group(HH), hypoxic with low-dose apelin (5 nmol/(kg x d) group(LA) and high-dose apelin (10 nmol/(kg x d) (HA). [pGlu]apelin-13 was administered into the rats of apelin groups by mini-osmotic pump subcutaneously. The mean pulmonary arterial pressure(mPAP) and the mean carotid arterial pressure (mCAP) were measured by either right or left cardiac catheterization, and the weight ratio of right ventricule/left ventricule plus septum (RV/(LV + S)) were calculated. The Masson's trichrome stained lung specimens were examined by light microscope to examine the vessel wall area/total area (WA/TA), vessel cavity area/total area (CA/TA) and media thickness of pulmonary arterioles (PAMT). Meanwhile, the lung homogenates were assayed for the activity of supeeroxide dismutase (SOD) and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA).

RESULTS(1) mPAP and RV/(LV + S) of HH group were significantly higher than those of NC group. mPAP of LA and HA groups were lower than those of HH group. The RV/(LV + S) of HA group was significantly lower than that of HH group, but there was no significant difference between HH group and LA group. (2) Masson's trichrome staining revealed that WA/TA and PAMT of HH group were higher than those of NC group. Administration of apelin significantly eliminated WA/TA and PAMT in LA and HA groups. (3) CA/TA of HH group was lower than that of NC group. Administration of apelin significantly elevated CA/TA in LA and HA groups. (4) The activity of SOD and content of MDA in HH group was, respectively, lower and higher than those in NC group. Apelin treatment increased the activity of SOD in LA and HA groups while decreased the content of MDA.

CONCLUSIONSApelin could play an important role in treatment of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension of rats and the mechanisms of protection were associated with vasodilation of pulmonary artery and inhibition of oxidative stress.

Animals ; Cardiotonic Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; etiology ; physiopathology ; prevention & control ; Hypoxia ; complications ; physiopathology ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Pulmonary Artery ; physiopathology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Vasodilation ; drug effects

AIMTo evaluate how solution viscosity affects the precorneal residence of five water-soluble polymers with different properties.

METHODSCaptive bubble technique was used, with the consecutive change of contact angle interpreted as an indication of desorption process, to study the residence of those polymers in vitro on freshly enucleated rabbit eyes under physiological conditions.

RESULTSCarbopol and sodium hyaluronate (HA), which adsorbed to isolated ocular surface more than 15 min, showed the optimum precorneal retentive capabilities. When the solution viscosity increased from 12 mPa.s to 50 mPa.s, the residence time of carbopol and HA were prolonged 10 min and 7 min, respectively, but that of sodium carboxymethylcellulose was not affected.

CONCLUSIONThe result suggested that higher viscosity is beneficial to improve the ocular residence time of bio-adhesive polymers.

Acrylic Resins ; Adhesiveness ; Animals ; Cornea ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; Drug Carriers ; Female ; Hyaluronic Acid ; pharmacokinetics ; pharmacology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Male ; Polyvinyls ; pharmacokinetics ; pharmacology ; Rabbits ; Solutions ; Viscosity