AIMTo study the constituents of the root of Gypsophila oldhamiana Miq.

METHODSSilica gel column chromatographic technique was used for the isolation and purification of compounds. The structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral data and chemical evidences.

RESULTSFive compounds were obtained and identified as the beta-D-glucoside of alpha-spinasterol (I), tetracosyl caffeate (II), sucrose (III), beta-sitosterol (IV) and daucosterol (V).

CONCLUSIONCompound II is a new compound. Compound I was isolated from this plant for the first time.

Caffeic Acids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Caryophyllaceae ; chemistry ; Molecular Conformation ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Stigmasterol ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Sucrose ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

OBJECTIVETo investigate the treatment method for collapse separation fractures of lateral tibial condyle.

METHODSFrom January 2003 to October 2008, 45 patients with collapse separation fractures of lateral tibial condyle were treated by surgical method, including 27 males and 18 females,ranging in age from 15 to 76 years,with an average of 37 years. The duration from injury to operation ranged from 1 to 14 days. All of the patients preoperatively underwent X-ray examinations in order to accurately understand the extent of fracture and fracture collapse. All of the 45 fractures with collapse more than 2 mm and widen more than 5 mm were selected for surgical treatment. The lateral surgical approach was used to expose the lateral margin of the lateral meniscus first, and then the reduction of the lateral meniscus and lateral condyle were achieved. The results after operation were evaluated by the Rasmussen criteria, as well as the complications of the knee joint pain, the joint activity, the infection, deep venous thrombosis and recurrent fracture collapse.

RESULTSPostoperative X-ray showed anatomical reduction was achieved in 31 patients, 14 patients got nearly anatomical reduction. The plate and screw position were satisfactory. Forty-two patients were followed up,and the duration ranged from 6 to 12 months, with an average of 10 months. Fracture re-displacement,postoperative infection and deep venous thrombosis did not occur after the lifting of external fixation. All the patients had pain disappeared about 10 days after operation,and had no vertical axis percussion tenderness at 3 weeks after operation. The X-ray showed fractures was healed in all patients at 3 months after operation. Joint activity Rasmussen assessment criteria results: 37 patients got an excellent result, 7 good, 1 poor.

CONCLUSIONThe incarceration of lateral meniscus and the collapsed bone fragments are two factors which make the reduction of the lateral tibial condyle difficult.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Fracture Fixation ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tibial Fractures ; physiopathology ; surgery

BACKGROUNDSentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy has become a common procedure for early breast cancer patients. The GeneSearch(TM) Breast Lymph Node (BLN) Assay is a real-time RT-PCR assay for the detecting nodal metastases larger than 0.2 mm. China Breast Cancer Clinical Study Group (CBCSG)-001a is a prospective multi-center clinical trial that was conducted to validate the GeneSearch(TM) BLN Assay in China.

METHODSThe SLNs from 90 consecutive patients were identified and dissected, and then sectioned along the short axis into multiple blocks. Intra-operatively, the odd blocks were tested by BLN assay and the even ones were used for frozen section, while all the blocks were evaluated by touch imprint cytology. Post-operatively, the remaining tissues were assessed by histological evaluation.

RESULTSA total of 189 SLNs was tested by BLN assay. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 88.9%, 97.4%, 88.9% and 97.4%, respectively, for BLN assay, 75.0%, 100%, 100% and 94.4%, respectively, for frozen section, and 63.9%, 100%, 100% and 92.2%, respectively, for touch imprint cytology. The sensitivity of BLN assay was higher than that of touch imprint cytology (P = 0.01) and frozen section (P = 0.13). When assessing the nodes with micro-metastases, BLN assay had a significant higher sensitivity than frozen section (P = 0.023) and touch imprint cytology (P = 0.005).

CONCLUSIONThe GeneSearch(TM) BLN Assay is an accurate and rapid intra-operative assay for breast SLNs and it is suitable for application in general medical practice.

Adult ; Aged ; Breast Neoplasms ; complications ; Female ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; diagnosis ; Middle Aged ; Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy ; methods

OBJECTIVETo describe the distribution of cerebral vascular hemodynamic indexes (CVHI).

METHODSA number of 25,355 age 35 and over were selected in the Northeast China by cluster sampling. CVHI were checked during baseline survey and were followed to see the occurrence of stroke. Distribution of CVHI among non-stroke population, individuals prior to the onset of stroke and patients with stroke were described.

RESULTSThe CVHI accumulative score, V(mean), V(max) and V(min) were dramatically decreasing, but RV, Zcv, WV and DR were significantly increasing as age increased. V(max), RV and CP were significantly higher in males but WV was lower than that of females. The CVHI accumulative score, V(min) and RV were 95.0, 10.23 and 75.8 in non-stroke population, 51.25, 6.71 and 122.72 pre stroke group, and 55.0, 6.78 and 115.89 in patients with stroke respectively. There were significant differences among three groups after controlling of age and sex (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONVariance of CVHI was closely related to age, and there appeared a significant abnormal of CVHI before and after stroke.

Age Factors ; Aged ; Cluster Analysis ; Female ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Risk Factors ; Sex Factors ; Stroke ; physiopathology

Acute Disease ; Adult ; Female ; Hepatitis ; therapy ; Humans ; Liver Transplantation ; Liver, Artificial ; Male ; Middle Aged

To investigate the relationship between cytoskeleton and hyposmotic membrane stretch-induced increase in muscarinic current, the role of actin microfilament in hyposmotic membrane stretch-induced increase in muscarinic current was studied with the whole-cell patch clamp technique in guinea-pig gastric myocytes. In this study, the muscarinic current was induced by carbachol (50 micromol/L) or GTPgammaS (0.5 mmol/L). The results showed that hyposmotic superfusate (202 mOsmol/L) increased carbachol-induced current (I(CCh)) by 145+/-27% and increased GTPgammaS-induced current by 183+/-30%; but in the presence of cytochalasin-B (Cyt-B, 20 micromol/L), an actin cytoskeleton disruptor, hyposmotic membrane stretch increased I(CCh) by 70+/-6%. However, hyposmotic membrane stretch induced increase in I(CCh) was potentiated to 545+/-81% by phalloidin (20 micromol/L), an actin microfilament stabilizer. The results demonstrated that hyposmotic membrane stretch increased the muscarinic currents induced by carbachol or GTPgammaS and that the actin microfilament is involved in the process in guinea-pig gastric myocytes.
Actin Cytoskeleton ; physiology ; Animals ; Carbachol ; pharmacology ; Female ; Guinea Pigs ; Male ; Membrane Potentials ; drug effects ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; physiology ; Osmotic Pressure ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Pyloric Antrum ; cytology ; Receptors, Muscarinic ; physiology

The industry of germ-free animals has been a hot spot in research along with the rapid development of studies on the relationship between microbiota and host diseases. Because it is pathogen?free, and the high degree of simi?larity in anatomy, physiology, pathogenesis to humans, germ?free pig is considered a clinical relevant model to be widely used in life science research. Based on the current state of research of germ?free pig cultivation at home and abroad and the experimental studies carried out in our laboratory as well, this article gives a simple discussion on germ?free technique of domestic pigs.

OBJECTIVETo establish a predicting model for stroke according to cerebral vascular hemodynamic indexes and major risk factors of stroke.

METHODSParticipants selected from a stroke cohort with 25,355 population in China. The first step was to carry out principal component analysis using CVHI. Logistic regression with principal component and main risk factors of stroke were then served as independent variables and stroke come on as dependent variables. The predictive model was established according to coefficient of regression and probability of each participant was also estimated. Finally, ROC curve was protracted and predictive efficacy was measured.

RESULTSThe accumulative contribution rates of four principal components were 58.1%, 79.4%, 88.4% and 94.6% respectively. Seven variables were being selected into the equation with the first to fourth principal component as history of hypertension, age and sex. Area under ROC curve was 0.855 and optimal cut-off point was probability over 0.05. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of stroke prediction were 80.7%, 78.5% and 78.5% respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe model established by principal component and regression could effectively predict the incidence of stroke coming on.

Brain ; blood supply ; Hemodynamics ; physiology ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Models, Biological ; Principal Component Analysis ; Risk Factors ; Stroke ; etiology

OBJECTIVETo explore and evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of surgical treatment for cancer of the pancreatic head.

METHODSThe clinical data of 96 patients with cancer of the pancreatic head admitted in our hospital from January 2002 to December 2009 were retrospectively analyzed. pancreatoduodenectomy was performed in 48 cases, extended pancreatoduodenectomy in 30 cases, and Roux-Y cholangiojejunostomy in 18 cases.

RESULTSThe 1, 2 and 3-year survival rates were 59.2%, 41.8% and 13.2%, respectively, in the patients treated with pancreatoduodenectomy, and 73.2%, 58.2% and 24.1%, respectively, in the patients treated with extended pancreatoduodenectomy. The 1, 2 and 3-year survival rates were 36.8%, 15.8% and 5.3%, respectively, in the patients with unresectable tumor who received radiotherapy and (or) chemotherapy in Roux-Y cholangiojejunostomy. The postoperative morbidity was 29.2%, 30.0% and 27.8% in the patients treated with pancreatoduodenectomy, extended pancreatoduodenectomy and Roux-Y cholangiojejunostomy, respectively.

CONCLUSIONSPancreatoduodenectomy is the most effective treatment. Extended pancreatoduodenectomy can improve the surgical resection rate, reduce the recurrence rate and improve the survival rate. Internal drainage is an important palliative measure.

Adult ; Aged ; Anastomosis, Roux-en-Y ; methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Jejunostomy ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; mortality ; surgery ; Pancreaticoduodenectomy ; methods ; Postoperative Complications ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate

Objective To explore the effect of HeLa cells infected with Coxsackie virus B3 (CVB3) on the changes of mTOR signal pathway under different nutritional conditions.Methods The HeLa cells were cultured under conventional culture and serum starvation culture.(1) For the conventional method,the medium with 10 g/L fetal bovine serum was added for 24 h after the Hela cells were fused into 40％ to 50％,and the medium was changed on the next day,then the virus group was infected with CVB3 of 50％ tissue culture infective dose (TCID50).However,the control group was cultured by 2 g/L fetal bovine serum.(2) For the serum starvation method,HeLa cells were cultured with the medium without fetal bovine serum for 24 h.Then the virus group was infected with CVB3 of TCID50.The cells in control group were cultured by 2 g/L fetal bovine serum.Cell morphology changes were observed by inverted microscope,and the expressions of the mTOR,p70S6K mRNA were detected with Real-time PCR at 3 h,6 h,9 h,12 h,24 h respectively in both conventional culture and serum starvation groups.Results The expressions of mTOR and p70S6K mRNA were lower in the virus group than those in control group at 12 h and the 24 h (all P ＜0.05) in the conventional culture group.And the expressions of mTOR and p70S6K mRNA in the virus group were lower than those in the control group at every time points (all P ＜ 0.05) in serum starvation group.The expressions of mTOR and p70S6K mRNA in group with serum starvation virus and the control groups were higher than those in conventional culture group in all time points,but only the expressions of mTOR mRNA were significantly different between the 2 groups (all P ＜0.05),however,the expressions of p70S6K mRNA had no significant difference between the 2 groups (all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion CVB3 may be able to down-regulate the expressions of mTOR and p70S6K mRNA.