No abstract available.
Osteoporosis ; Republic of Korea

BACKGROUND: Prior osteoporotic fractures are strongly associated with subsequent fractures. To prevent this, the diagnosis of osteoporosis following an osteoporotic fracture is important. The measurement of bone mineral density (BMD) is the first step in the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis. Therefore, this study aimed 1) to evaluate the rate of BMD measurement after osteoporotic fracture in the Korean population, and 2) to determine whether the rate of BMD measurement after osteoporotic fracture changed between 2005 and 2010. METHODS: Using the database of the Health Insurance Review Assessment Service (HIRA), we identified patients with osteoporotic fractures (hip, spine, humerus, and wrist fractures) in 2005 and 2010. BMD examinations were evaluated by using procedure codes and medicines, exclusively approved for osteoporosis treatment. RESULTS: During the study period, about half of all patients with osteoporotic fractures had BMD measurement. Between 2005 and 2010, the rate of BMD measurement significantly increased from 42.0% (65,556/156,190) to 53.9% (103,785/192,556) (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed that about half of all patients with osteoporotic fractures had BMD measurement, and that screening for osteoporosis in patients with osteoporotic fractures increased between 2005 and 2010.
Bone Density* ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Humerus ; Insurance, Health ; Mass Screening ; Osteoporosis ; Osteoporotic Fractures* ; Spine ; Wrist

BACKGROUND: Alpha-blocker can result in falling and fractures because of adverse effect such as orthostatic hypotension due to vasodilatory effect. We investigated the association between the alpha-blocker and the risk of osteoporotic hip fractures using a nationwide claim database. METHODS: We identified 1,051,651 men 65 years of age or older who had prescription records of alpha-blocker from nationwide medical claim database, from 2007 to 2012. Alpha-blockers were classified as non-specific general (NSG), non-specific slow-release (NSSR), uro-specific general (USG), and uro-specific slow release (USSR). RESULTS: Total of 6,553 hip fractures were observed. The incidences of hip fracture within 1 year were higher than those of the reference periods in all type of alpha-blocker. Hazard ratio peaked at early period of alpha-blocker, and decreased with time, regardless of type of alpha-blocker. CONCLUSIONS: Use of alpha-blocker is associated with increased risk of hip fracture, especially in early use.
Hip ; Hip Fractures* ; Humans ; Hypotension, Orthostatic ; Incidence ; Male ; Prescriptions ; Registries

No abstract available.
Takayasu Arteritis*

No abstract available.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; Humans ; Risk Factors

The aging of the Korean population is expected to increase the prevalence of osteoporosis and related fractures. This study aimed to perform an intensive review of osteoporosis and related fractures in Korea during the last decade. Although direct comparison of the prevalence of osteoporosis reported in different studies is difficult, the prevalence of osteoporosis reported in the last decade has ranged from 6.1% in men and 24.3% in women to 13.1% in men and 35.5% in women in studies of Korean populations. According to reimbursement records from the National Health Insurance Servicesdatabase in 2012, the incidence and mortality of osteoporotic fracture including in the spine, hip, distal radius, and proximal humerus are 655.4/100,000 and 7.0%, 171.3/100,000 and 16%, 474.1/100,000 and 1.7%, and 90.9/100,000 and 7.0%, respectively. The numbers and incidence of hip and spine fracture were trending upward during the study period. However, mortality from osteoporotic fractures was steady or trended downward. Gender-specific assessment showed that although the incidence of osteoporotic fracture in men is less than in women, the mortality of men after osteoporotic fracture ranged from 1.4- to 2.2- fold that of women. Our review of epidemiologic studies regarding osteoporosis and related fractures demonstrated that Korea is a country with increasing trends of osteoporosis and related fractures. Therefore, a public health strategy for treating osteoporosis and preventing osteoporotic fracture is mandatory.
Aging ; Epidemiologic Studies ; Epidemiology* ; Female ; Hip ; Humans ; Humerus ; Incidence ; Korea* ; Male ; Mortality ; Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 ; National Health Programs ; Osteoporosis* ; Osteoporotic Fractures ; Prevalence ; Public Health ; Radius ; Spine

Although joint infection with severe destruction remains a serious problem and severe bone loss is relative contraindication of arthrodesis, knee arthrodesis is most commonly a salvage procedure. Its goals are to relieve pain and restore the patient to functional level of activity. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the results and complications of Ilizarov method for knee arthrodesis in the presence of infection. We retrospectively reviewed the records of twelve patients who had managed with knee arthrodesis with Ilizarov method. Indications for the operation included a infected skeletal defect secondary severe open trauma in four patients, an infection at the site of an arthroplasty in three (with failure of previous arthrodesis with monofixator in one), an infected charcot joint in four and one pyogenic arthritis spreading from osteomyelitis of proximal tibia. The average age of the patients at the time of operation was fifty-three years (range twenty-two to eighty years). Follow-up averaged 17 months. The minimum follow up periods was 9 months. Average duration of Ilizarov fixator application was 7.2 months. In 3 cases we performed corticotomy and internal bone transport to treat large bone defect (17cm, 8cm, 6.5cm). Autoiliac bone graft was done in fusion site in two cases, and in three cases we performed bone graft at the docking site. Solid osseous union occured in each patient. There was no reinfection and nonunion. Average shortening was 3.4 cm. Complications were related to pin tract. When last seen, all patients were free of pain and could walk without cruthes or cane. Despite its pin tract problems, bulky cumbersome and expensive apparatus, the Ilizarov method is one of effective method for knee arthrodesis in the presence of infection and large bone loss especially.
Arthritis ; Arthrodesis* ; Arthropathy, Neurogenic ; Arthroplasty ; Canes ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Ilizarov Technique* ; Joints ; Knee Joint* ; Knee* ; Osteomyelitis ; Retrospective Studies ; Tibia ; Transplants

No abstract available.
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip*

Background: Fall prevention is important for reducing hip fractures. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between variables related to hip fractures according to sex and season. Methods: This study included patients admitted for fragility hip fractures between 2012 and 2021. Patients were interviewed by a junior resident before discharge. Data on sex, age, diagnosis, osteoporosis treatment, direction, voiding problems, ambulatory function, seasons, weather, time of day, place, location, floor condition, activity during fall, and perceived reason for fall were collected and analyzed. Results: A total of 1,118 patients were included (279 males and 839 females). In both sexes, indoor falls were prevalent throughout all seasons, but males showed a higher proportion of outdoor falls, especially in winter during cloudy or snowy weather. Rooms and walking were the most common locations and activities during falls. The poor ambulatory function was associated with a higher prevalence of indoor falls. Osteoporosis treatment rates were low and did not differ according to Koval stage. Winter was associated with higher osteoporosis non-treatment group. Urgency/incontinence in female patients caused a higher proportion of falls during the evening time. Conclusions Strategies for indoor fall prevention and vigilant osteoporosis diagnosis and treatment are important for all seasons, especially for frail elderly patients. Outdoor fall prevention emphasized for male patients, and education around nighttime falls should be provided for female patients with voiding dysfunction.

Sarcopenia was listed in the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) as M62.84, on October 1, 2016. Sarcopenia is primarily associated with metabolic diseases, such as diabetes, obesity, and cachexia, as well as chronic renal failure, congestive heart failure, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Sarcopenia is also significantly associated with osteoporosis in elderly populations and the combined disease is defined as osteosarcopenia. Several studies have confirmed that sarcopenia and osteoporosis (osteosarcopenia) share common risk factors and biological pathways. Osteosarcopenia is associated with significant physical disability, representing a significant threat to the loss of independence in later life. However, the pathophysiology and diagnosis of osteosarcopenia are not fully defined. Additionally, pharmacologic and hormonal treatments for sarcopenia are undergoing clinical trials. This review summarizes the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of osteosarcopenia, and includes Korean data.
Aged ; Cachexia ; Diagnosis ; Epidemiology ; Heart Failure ; Humans ; International Classification of Diseases ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Korea ; Metabolic Diseases ; Obesity ; Osteoporosis ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; Risk Factors ; Sarcopenia