Objective Systemic chemotherapy for metastatic pancreatic cancer is still a difficult problem in clinical practice. The standard chemotherapy of pancreatic cancer has been gemcitabine, but the response rate is low. Therefore, it is in urgent need to explore an effective clinical therapy for this cancer. This paper, a case report, is aimed at discussing the effectiveness of vinorelbine and cisplatin combined with endostatin as the first-line therapy for metastatic pancreatic cancer. Methods A 52-year-old female patient was diagnosed with pancreas cancer with liver metastasis at the time of the first visit to our hospital. Systemic chemotherapy with vinorelbine and cisplatin combined with endostatin was conducted. Results Liver metastases almost disappeared after the first cycle of chemotherapy. The primary tumor decreased by one third in size after four cycles and disappeared after the sixth cycle according to the CT scan evaluation. Conclusion Vinorelbine and cisplatin combined with endostatin can be a promising regimen for metastatic pancreatic cancer.

In this article, canonical correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship between the toxicity-attenuating effect and the variation of chemical contents in rhubarb caused by processing. With quasi-acute toxicity test, the difference of hepatic and renal toxicity to mice with the processed materials of rhubarb was researched. The chemical contents of anthraquinones and tannins in rhubarb were measured by UV-vis spectrophotometry and high performance liquid chromatography. The results showed that there were toxic effects to liver and kidney in mice after repeated intragastric administration of rhubarb and its processed materials for 14 days at a dosage of 76 g x kg(-1). The toxic effect of processed materials was much lower than crude drug. With canonical correlation analysis, the sequence of the hepatic and renal toxicity of chemical contents in rhubarb were found as follows: total anthraquinone glycosides (AQGs) > tannins (Tns) > total anthraquinones (AQs); aloe-emodin (AE) > physcione (Ph) > rhein (Rn) > emodin (Ed) > chrysophanol (Ch) and AEG > PhG > ChG > EdG > RnG of glycosyl-anthraquinone. It could be concluded that processing would attenuate the toxicity of crude drug of rhubarb. The toxicity-attenuating effect might be correlated to the decline of the contents of both anthraquinone glycosides and tannins, especially the aloe-emodin glycoside and physcione glycoside. The results also suggested that the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and creatine (CREA) would be useful to monitor the hepatic and renal toxicity of rhubarb.
Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; Animals ; Anthraquinones ; analysis ; Creatinine ; blood ; Kidney ; drug effects ; Liver ; drug effects ; Mice ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Proanthocyanidins ; analysis ; Rheum ; chemistry ; toxicity ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods

To establish a new method to evaluate the COLD and HOT nature of Coptis & Evodia and their prescriptions Zuojinwan and Fanzuojinwan. Physical models of mice were established by diet restriction with cold-water swimming (weak model, WM) and fed with high protein animal feeds (strong model, SM). An instrument with cold and hot pads was used to investigate the variation of temperature tropism among SM and WM groups of mice affected by drugs. Meanwhile, the oxygen consumption and activity of adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) were detected, in order to investigate the mechanism of energy metabolism which might be affected by these drugs. The results showed that the drug effects gradually changed in an order of "Coptis-->Zuojinwan--> Fanzuojinwan-->Evodia". In detail, Coptis increased the remaining rate (RR) of mice on hot pad, decreased oxygen consumption and ATPase activity (n=6, P < 0.01 or P < 0.05), while Evodia performed inversely; which indicated the COLD nature of Coptis and HOT nature of Evodia, and confirmed with their traditional definition in medicinal works. In conclusion, the methods applied in this work, can objectively and directly express the nature disparity between the two herbs and predict the tendency of changes of the nature of their combination, which brings a new approach in investigation of the nature theory of traditional Chinese medicine.
Animals ; Body Temperature ; Cold Temperature ; Coptis ; chemistry ; Diet ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Evodia ; chemistry ; Hot Temperature ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Mice ; Oxygen Consumption ; drug effects ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase ; metabolism ; Swimming ; Tropism

We investigated the endemic situation of alveolar echinococcosis (AE) in Nileke County,Yili Prefecture,Xinjiang and its genetic diversity of Echinococcus multilocularis.Human AE cases in the county were retrospectively investigated including their location and surrounding ecological conditions.Sequence detection and analysis of nad2,cob gene fragments of AE mtDNA from patients was used to identify genotype variation.Results showed that a total of 48 AE cases were diagnosed and the first AE patient was identified in 1989 in the county.The 45.8％ of AE cases were found in the recent 5 years (2011-2015) and annual prevalence was 1.7 per 100 000.The patients were distributed along the Kashgar River,particularly intensive in Wulasitai Township.The 38.6％ of the patients were aged arranged 35-44 years old,64.6％ were male and 95.8％ were farmers and herdsmen.AE cases were confirmed further and there was only one haplotype by sequencing analysis from 11 AE clinical patients in the county.It suggests that Nileke County is AE foci,and alveolar echinococcosis with sequences conserved is an emerging disease in the county.

OBJECTIVETo establish a monoclone cell line of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in rat buccal mucosa and to study its biological characteristics.

METHODSSCC in rat oral mucosa was induced by adding 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO) into the SD rats' drinking water, and the cancer cells were then cultured to obtain mixed cells in vitro. The mixed tumor cells were purified by mono cell cloning method. The biological characteristics of the cells were studied by microscope and electronic microscope observation, chromosome analysis, Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) test, flow cytometry assay and immunohistochemistry staining. Hypodermic inoculations of the cells in nude mice and injection of the cells by nude mice tail veins were performed to observe the tumor formation and long distance metastasis.

RESULTSThe morphology proved that the cell line was squamous cell carcinoma cells, which were cultured from one cell. The population doubling time for passage 65 cells was 25.44 hours. The cells in S-phase accounted for 20.13% of the cell cycle. The chromosome modal number was 84. All the cells expressed the proteins of cytokeratin and vimentin. The xenograft rate and the tumor metastatic rate to the lung were 100% in nu/nu BALB/C mice, but the homograft rate was zero in SD Rats.

CONCLUSIONSRca-B was a typical oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line derived from Sprague-Dawley rat buccal mucosa carcinoma, and the cell line has high metastatic potential and its biological characteristics were well ascertained.

4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide ; toxicity ; Animals ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; pathology ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Clone Cells ; pathology ; Female ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Mouth Mucosa ; pathology ; Mouth Neoplasms ; pathology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the applicability of the polymorphic marker closely linked with beta-globin gene for the preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) in couples at risk of having child with beta-thalassemia.

METHODSSingle cell multiplex nested PCR which coamplifies the beta-globin gene and the closely linked polymorphic marker, HumTHO1 gene, was applied in six clinical PGD cycles for four couples with beta-thalassemia.

RESULTSIn six clinical PGD cycles, a total of 44 embryos were biopsied and 44 blastomeres were obtained. Forty-one blastomeres were amplified and thirty-five embryos were given definite diagnoses. Fourteen embryos were transferred back to the uterus of the patients and one pregnancy went on well and ended with one live healthy birth, which confirmed the results of PGD. The average amplification efficiency of single blastomere was 89.7% and the average allele drop-out(ADO) rate was 14.4%. The coamplification of HumTHO1 could help to detect the existence of ADO and contamination.

CONCLUSIONThis is the first report on unaffected pregnancy resulting from PGD using multiplex nested PCR in China. The simultaneous amplification of polymorphic marker closely linked to beta-globin gene(HumTHO1) could help to resist the risk of misdiagnosis in PGD caused by ADO and contamination.

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Pregnancy ; Preimplantation Diagnosis ; methods ; beta-Globins ; genetics ; beta-Thalassemia ; diagnosis ; genetics

OBJECTIVESTo study the effects of Sanqi qisodium hyaluronate gel on collagen-I and collagen-III expression in the process of rabbits' epidural scar formation after operation.

METHODSNinety-six white rabbits with 6-month-old, half males and half females, weighted from 2 to 2.5 kg, which were randomly divided into normal saline group (A), Sanqi group (B), qisodium hyaluronate group (C) and Sanqi qisodium hyaluronate gel group (D). The laminectomy of rabbits were performed in group A, B, C, D, the duras were surrounded with normal saline, Sanqi liquid, qisodium hyaluronate and Sanqi qisodium hyaluronate gel respectively. Animals of each group were killed at 1, 2, 4, 8 weeks after operation. Use Masson staining for histological observation of collagen, and in situ hybridization staining for the analysis of collagen-I and collagen-III expression.

RESULTSIn the Masson staining, Sanqi qisodium hyaluronate gel group was more regular than the control group in the shape of collagen texture. As to the expression of collagen-I, and Sanqi qisodium hyaluronate gel group was lower than normal saline group, the Sanqi group and qisodium hyaluronate group at 4 weeks after using medicine (P < 0.01); while the Sanqi qisodium hyaluronate gel group was higher than normal saline group, Sanqi group and qisodium hyaluronate group in the collagen-III expression (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSSanqi qisodium hyaluronate gel could improve collagen's arrangement of the rabbit's epidural scar after operation, reduce its rigidity and increase flexibility.

Animals ; Cicatrix ; etiology ; metabolism ; Collagen Type I ; genetics ; metabolism ; Collagen Type III ; genetics ; metabolism ; Epidural Space ; Female ; Gels ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; Hyaluronic Acid ; chemistry ; Laminectomy ; adverse effects ; Male ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rabbits

BACKGROUNDMany studies have shown the superior efficacy of budesonide (BUD)/formoterol (FORM) maintenance and reliever therapy, but still lack evidence of its efficacy in Chinese asthma patients in a relative large patient-group. We finished this research to compare BUD/FORM maintenance and reliever therapy and high-dose salmeterol (SALM)/fluticasone (FP) maintenance plus an as-needed short-acting β(2)-agonist in Chinese patients with persistent uncontrolled asthma. This was a post hoc analysis based on a 6-month, multicenter, randomized, double-blind study (NCT00242775).

METHODSA total of 222 eligible asthma patients from nine centers in China were randomized to either BUD/FORM+as-needed BUD/FORM (160/4.5 µg/inhalation) (640/18 µg/d; n = 111), or SALM/FP+as-needed terbutaline (0.4 mg/inhalation) (100/1000 µg/d; n = 111). The primary endpoint was time to first severe exacerbation while secondary endpoints included various measures of pulmonary function, symptom control and quality-of-life.

RESULTSTime to first severe exacerbation over six months was lower with the BUD/FORM than with the SALM/FP treatment (risk ratio = 0.52, 95%CI 0.22 - 1.22), but the difference did not achieve statistical significance (P = 0.13). The cumulative number of severe exacerbations in the BUD/FORM group was lower than in the SALM/FP group (7.2% vs. 13.5%; risk ratio = 0.45, P = 0.028). BUD/FORM produced significantly better improvements in reliever use, cumulative mild exacerbations, symptom-free days (%), and morning/evening peak expiratory flow (PEF) than SALM/FP (P < 0.05 in all cases). The two groups achieved similar improvements in their time to first mild exacerbation, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV(1)), asthma control questionnaire and asthma symptom scores, and percentage of nights with awakening(s). Both treatments were well tolerated.

CONCLUSIONSIn Chinese patients with persistent asthma, BUD/FORM decreased severe and mild exacerbations, decreased reliever use, increased symptom-free days, and improved morning/evening PEF compared with SALM/FP. There were no significant differences in time to first severe exacerbation or other assessments regarding daily asthma control between BUD/FORM and SALM/FP. BUD/FORM was more effective in this Chinese sub-group than in the total cohort involved in the original study.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Asthma ; complications ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Budesonide ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Double-Blind Method ; Ethanolamines ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Female ; Forced Expiratory Volume ; Formoterol Fumarate ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effectiveness and safety of the combined treatment with acupuncture and venlafaxine hydrochloride on depression in terms of the microstructure change of white matter fiber tracts of brain based on diffusion tensor imaging technology (DTI). METHODS: The prospective study design was adopted. All of 60 patients with depression were randomized into an acupuncture-medication group and a medication group, 30 cases in each one. In the medication group, venlafaxine hydrochloride was used, 75 mg per day in the 1st week, 150 mg per day in the 2nd week and 225 mg per day from the 3rd to 6th week. In the acupuncture-medication group, on the base of the treatment in the medication group, acupuncture was combined. Baihui (GV 20) and Yintang (GV 29) were the main acupoints. The supplementary acupoints were selected according to the clinical symptoms of individuals. The needles were retained for 30 min. Acupuncture was provided once every 2 days, 3 times a week. The consecutive 12 weeks of treatment were required in the two groups. Additionally, a normal group was prepared with 30 healthy volunteers. Separately, before treatment, in 2, 8 and 12 weeks of treatment, Hamilton's depression scale (HAMD-17), Beck depression inventory scale (BDI) and the antidepressant side effect scale (SERS) were adopted to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the two groups. Moreover, before and after 12 weeks of treatment, DTI was adopted to detect the fractional anisotropy score (FA) of each brain region in the patients. RESULTS: After treatment, the scores of HAMD-17 and BDI were all reduced in the two groups (<0.05). In 8 and 12 weeks of treatment, the scores of HAMD-17 and BDI in the acupuncture-medication group were less than those in the medication group (<0.05). The difference in SERS score was not significant statistically between the two groups (>0.05). Compared with the healthy volunteers, FA scores in 6 brain regions changed obviously in the patients with depression, including the white matter of bilateral frontal lobes, splenium of corpus callosum, left cingulated gyrus, white matter of bilateral inferior temporal gyrus, white matter of bilateral inferior parietal lobe and white matter of bilateral deep temporal occipital region separately. Before treatment, the differences in FA scores of these 6 brain regions were not significant statistically between the two groups (>0.05). After treatment, FA scores in the white matter of bilateral frontal lobes, white matter of bilateral inferior temporal gyrus and white matter of bilateral deep temporal occipital region in the acupuncture-medication group were all higher than those in the medication group (<0.05). CONCLUSION Acupuncture repairs the brain white matter fiber tracts in some brain regions to certain extent and the therapeutic effects are enhanced with the adjuvant medication of venlafaxine hydrochloride.
Acupuncture Therapy ; Brain ; Depression ; therapy ; Diffusion Tensor Imaging ; Humans ; Prospective Studies ; Venlafaxine Hydrochloride

In this study, a new parameter, S phase cell percentage (S fraction) normalized BrdU (SFN-BrdU) incorporation rate, was introduced to detect S arrest. The results showed a positive linear correlation between the BrdU incorporation rate and the S fraction in unperturbed 16HBE cells. Theoretical analysis indicated that only S arrest could result in a decrease in the SFN-BrdU incorporation rate. Additionally, the decrease in SFN-BrdU incorporation rate and the activation of DNA damage checkpoints further demonstrated that S arrest was induced by diethyl sulfate treatment of 16HBE cells. In conclusion, SFN-BrdU incorporation rate can be used to detecting S arrest.
Bromodeoxyuridine ; pharmacokinetics ; Cell Proliferation ; DNA Damage ; Epithelial Cells ; cytology ; Humans ; S Phase ; S Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints